Summarize the characteristics of Russian ballet in a few words.

After the golden age of romanticism, European ballet declined rapidly in western Europe and Italy. From the second half of19th century, Russia gradually became the center of European ballet and occupied a certain position in the history of ballet.

germination period

/kloc-At the end of 0/7, ballet was introduced to Russia, and orpheus was performed by foreign actors for the first time. By the middle of 18, the queen hired a Frenchman Lang to teach western European etiquette and dance to the nobles. Four years later, Lang Dai was asked to build and preside over the first dance school in Russia-St. Petersburg Drama School. 1773, a ballet class was established in Moscow Correctional Institution. 1736 and 1776 established regular ballet companies in St. Petersburg and Moscow, laying the foundation for the two major ballet centers in Russia in the future. Russian ballet in this period is obviously a copy of western European ballet in form and content.

formative period

The national style of Russian ballet was gradually formed from the early 1930s of 19. Walbak was the first native ballet choreographer in Russia, and his appearance broke the monopoly of foreign choreographers. 1795 arranged the debut dance drama "A Happy Confession" to deal with the mythological theme with sentimental sentiment. His masterpiece "New Witt" shows the true story at that time. It is a bold innovation for the hero and heroine to wear tuxedos and dresses, and it is also the first successful attempt of Russian ballet to reflect the national theme and contemporary life. 18 and 19 centuries ago, under the influence of Russian enlighteners, a new sentimental ballet genre began to form.

Romantic period

1825 After the failure of the inner-party uprising in February, a reactionary period appeared in Russia. The czar's court did not allow ballet to express the real life of the country, but hired directors from abroad to rehearse a number of entertaining dance dramas with gorgeous forms but empty content. Later, western European romantic ballet was introduced to Russia. At that time, there were obviously two schools: negative romanticism, and the works represented by Tarioni's father and daughter were fairy tales; The positive romanticism is represented by Perot, isler and Hugh Sol. His works include Notre Dame de Paris, Hai Xia, Giselle and Fenilla.

Crisis period

186 1 after the abolition of serfdom, liberal intellectuals tried their best to obliterate the contradiction between the government and the broad masses of the people, while revolutionary Democrats openly criticized the incompleteness of government policies and demanded further reform. In this fierce ideological struggle, critical realism became the distinctive feature of Russian literature and art in the second half of the19th century. As a court art, ballet lags behind this overall situation and remains a "plaything" for people's entertainment.

prime

/kloc-European romantic ballet declined in the 0/9th century, and the historical mission of reviving ballet fell on Russia's shoulders. Since the 1940s, foreign dancers have often visited Russia. Gradually formed a new school-Russian Dance School. Russian ballet advocates the tradition of realism, and many early works are still the core of Russian ballet repertoire: Don Quixote and Dancer by Petipa, for example, Petipa absorbed and developed symphonic dance music in his works. Tchaikovsky was the founder of introducing symphony into dance drama. After the death of Pyotr Il'yich Tchaikovsky, Swan Lake rehearsed by Ivanov is still regarded as a model of symphonic dance music. At the beginning of the 20th century, Russian ballet has occupied a dominant position in the world ballet, with its own repertoire, performance style and teaching system, and a number of innovative choreographers and performers have emerged. Gorschi and Fujin are representative figures. They oppose stylized stage performances and advocate choreography from music. Established in 19 13, the standing troupe "Dyagilev ballets russes" toured all over Europe and America, with great influence. It sent the classical traditional plays preserved in Russia back to Europe and promoted the revival of European ballet.

From germination to peak, Russian ballet has developed into a unique Russian ballet, occupying an irreplaceable position in the world ballet stage. This has indeed gone through a long and tortuous process. Centuries of evolution and development, centuries of precipitation and deepening. After hundreds of years of cultural and musical baptism, today's Russian ballet has been achieved. People no longer stick to its specific form.