Mongolian Hu Si Music Materials

What is Mongolian Hu Si music? What are the types of Mongolian Hu Si music? Let's have a look!

I. Introduction

Tongliao Mongolians have four lakes, which are called "Houle", "Huwuer" and "Huer" in Mongolian, and "Violin" in the later edition of Law and Justice compiled by Kangxi Dynasty. Mongolian Hu Si is one of the most musical instruments with Mongolian characteristics, which can be divided into three categories: tenor Hu Si, tenor Hu Si and bass Hu Si. The shape is the same as that of. In Hu Si, a Han nationality area, it is usually made of mahogany and rosewood. The piano barrel is mostly octagonal, wrapped with python skin or cowhide, and the shaft and hole are not tapered. The shaft hole is fixed by the tension of the string, and some are decorated with mother-of-pearl patterns. Fine bamboo is made of ponytail as the bow, and the middle of the bow is covered with copper skin, with a length of 10 cm.

Second, historical development.

Hu Si has a long history, which originated from the Western Qin Dynasty in the north of China. /kloc-After 0/3rd century, Hu Si has spread in Mongolia. On the mural of alatan Khan's palace in the/kloc-6th century, there was a female musician holding a thin stick, a cylindrical speaker, four instruments with the same head and tail, and a ponytail bow between the strings, just like today's Hu Si. The four lakes in the Qing Dynasty, also known as the violin, were used for court music ensembles, and their shapes are similar to those of the four lakes in Mongolia today.

After the Yuan Dynasty, Hu Si's art was widely spread, once popular in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang and North China, which had a far-reaching impact on Han folk rap. Tongliao City, located in the hinterland of Horqin Grassland, is the most prosperous area of Hu Si art at present.

Three. Types and characteristics

1, high-pitched Hu Si

Mongolian bows and stringed instruments. Also known as Mongolian little four beard. It is based on the transformation of the folk small four Hu. The timbre is crisp and can be used for solo and instrumental ensemble. Popular in Inner Mongolia, Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang and other provinces. The timbre is crisp and melodious, beautiful and pleasant, and the volume is loud. Playing skills: left hand has glide, vibrato, beat, overtone, double tone, double tone, double overtone and so on. Right-handed technique is similar to erhu. Mainly used for solo, ensemble and instrumental ensemble. It is often played with alto Hu Si, Ma Touqin, Sanxian, Yatoga or Hobbes. The famous tenors are Sun Liang, Zhao Shuanghu and Tu He. The traditional music of tenor Hu Si includes: Eight Tones, Flower Waist Tone, Lotus Huaying, Han Xiuying, Indra, Nongenga, Asier, Hurrying and so on. The compositions are: Mongolian Eight Tones and Twelve Tones, Aser Twelve Tones, and East Mongolian Folk Songs Ensemble.

2. Upper Hu Si

Mongolian bows and stringed instruments. It is popular in agricultural areas and semi-agricultural and semi-pastoral areas in Inner Mongolia, Liaoning, Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces. The shape is the same as the four whiskers of perch, slightly smaller. The piano barrel is cylindrical and welded with thin brass sheets. The barrel length is16cm and the diameter is10cm. The front of the barrel mouth is wrapped with python skin or cowhide, and the barrel mouth is fastened with copper hoop. The back end of the barrel is open with a copper frame in its mouth. The head and stem are made of a whole piece of mahogany or ebony, with a total length of 90 cm. The piano head is flat-topped, with four shafts on it. Zhang has four silk or copper strings, and thin bamboo has two ponytails as bows, which are 68 cm long. Playing posture, methods and skills are the same as those of bass Hu Si. Alto Hu Si has two octaves, and its timbre is round and bright. It can be used for solo, duet, instrumental ensemble or to accompany rap music such as storytelling and singing. It is the main alto instrument in Hu Si ensemble and folk music ensemble. He often plays with tenor Hu Si, tenors Hu Si, Ma Touqin, Sanxian and Hobbes. The famous tenor Huhu performers are Sun Liang, Zhao Shuanghu and Tu Qingge. Tenor Hu Si's solo repertoire is the same as tenor Hu Si's, and the adapted Hu Si Quartet includes accel, Lao Ba Ban and Mongolian Eight Tones.

;