Wenshan Zhuang nationality

Zhuang nationality is an indigenous people in Wenshan Prefecture. According to historical records, the ancestors of Zhuang nationality belonged to Dianpu in ancient times and were descendants of Judingpu people. It can be confirmed from many unearthed cultural relics, cave sites and rock paintings in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Wenshan Prefecture that this ancient land has long been the cradle of Zhuang people's life. Before Shang and Zhou Dynasties, the ancestors of Zhuang nationality created rice culture in this land. Zhuang people call rice fields "Na", while Zhuang people love "Na". They have called their villages "(Chuantian) and" Nahong "(Wanghuangtian) for generations, and there are 5 18 villages named after" Na "in Wenshan alone.

The early ancestors of Zhuang nationality experienced matriarchal clan society, which is called "Mihong" system era in Zhuang language. Later, it experienced a patriarchal society, which Zhuang language called the "Buhong" era; After the "Buhong" system, it experienced the "cloth version" to build the old society. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Wenshan Prefecture belonged to Chu. In the Han Dynasty, he served as a judge in Guangnan County. The Tang Dynasty belonged to Lingnan Road and Liao Word Department. From Song Dynasty to Yuan Dynasty, it belonged to Guangnan West Road; From the Ming Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, it belonged to Guangnan Prefecture of Yunnan Province. Due to the different historical development and residence, there are more than 30 appellations of Zhuang nationality, and there are also differences in language. Zhuang language is divided into two major dialect areas: South and North. Wenshan Zhuang people are divided into three branches: agriculture, sand and soil. The agricultural language branch and the local language branch speak southern dialects, while the Sha language branch speaks northern dialects. The current population is 99359 1 (2003).

Wenshan Zhuang nationality has a long history and rich traditional culture. Zhuang people have lived in Shuitou and riverside since ancient times. In the long-term historical development process, they have created and accumulated a set of rich and complete material culture and spiritual culture, which can be summarized as follows: worshiping and protecting the "ecological culture" of forests; The "Na culture" that maintains national survival by rice production; Inheriting the "culture" of cultural ancient books; Create and inherit the "bronze drum culture" to this day; The "festival culture" of man-god entertainment; The "Gewei Culture" endorsed by songs; "Clothing culture" featuring Zhuang brocade; A "food culture" made of glutinous rice.

Bronze drum culture: According to the ancient records of Wenshan Zhuang nationality, the ancestors smelted copper and bronze castings as early as "Miaohong" system. Today, the Zhuang people are still carrying out activities such as offering sacrifices to and dancing on bronze drums. Zhuang people worship the sun, frogs, birds, forehead gods, heaven and earth water, gourds, buffaloes, bronze drums, etc. There are decorative records on the bronze drums. The production and circulation of bronze drums have a history of more than 2000 years. Although the bronze drum produced has a historical process of competition, transaction and inheritance, it is one of the carriers of Zhuang history and culture. Wenshan Quanzhou bronze drum 138, ranking first in Yunnan. Moreover, there are eight kinds of bronze drums in Wenshan, which are unique not only in Yunnan, but also in China and Southeast Asian countries. According to experts' argument, "Wenshan, Yunnan is probably one of the origins of bronze drums in the world."

Xu Ge culture: Zhuang nationality is a nation born of songs and died of songs. Young women are pregnant after marriage and have simple abortion songs. Afraid of abortion, there are mysterious songs to protect the fetus; When the baby was born, there was blessing song; When children learn to speak, they should first teach beautiful children's songs; Ordinary life dialogue, the language is like a song; Love, with affectionate love songs; The feast of the festival has a duet that shakes the mountains and rivers; At the end of a person's life, he should be buried with a song. Everyone's life is bathed in the ocean of poetry. Every March, thousands of people participate in street singing activities.

Zhuang people maintain the survival and reproduction of the nation by producing rice. For thousands of years, it has created the Zhuang people's character of openness, tolerance, tenacity and hospitality.