What kind of drama is Qiong Opera?

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Qiongju Opera, also known as Qiongzhou Opera and Hainan Opera, is one of the national intangible cultural heritages and a local traditional opera in Haikou City and Ding 'an County, Hainan Province. [ 1]

During the Xianfeng period of Qing Dynasty, Qiong Opera gradually developed and updated on the basis of absorbing foreign traditional opera art. Around the 23rd year of Guangxu (1897), the military opera and brothel opera declined and merged into Qiong Opera Class, forming the civil and military large class system. Qiongju opera is divided into two major systems: literary drama and martial drama. During the Republic of China, Qiongju editors performed civilized dramas, changed their singing methods and moved closer to realism. After the founding of New China, Qiong Opera ushered in a new period of reform and development, and its business system was streamlined into five lines: life, purity, ugliness and ending. Rough, crazy and simple are the characteristics of Qiongju's singing, which is born of words and has a wide range. Not only the timbre is elegant and stretched, the melody is melodious and broad, but also the genre is rich and colorful, both high-pitched and euphemistic. [2][ 1]

In June 2008, Qiong Opera was approved by People's Republic of China (PRC) and the State Council to be included in the second batch of national intangible cultural heritage list. No ⅳ- 130. [3][4]