What is the lesson of using play teaching aids for infants and toddlers

"Kindergarten play teaching aids production" lesson plan

Course type: professional compulsory course

Total hours: 54 Lecture hours: 22 Practical hours: 32

Credit: 3

Applicable to: preschool education majors

A. Teaching objectives of the course

Kindergarten play teaching aids production course is a professional compulsory course for preschool education students. The course is a compulsory course for pre-school education students, is the main course of pre-school education majors, in undergraduate education, the study of play teaching aids production is a compulsory course for students in school, pre-school art education has an important position, the mastery of this course has an extremely important significance in guiding the educational practice of the students, through the study of the subject, so that the students mastered a certain amount of play teaching aids production skills skills and techniques, and be able to skillfully apply to the work of teaching. Students are required to master the basic skills and production techniques of play teaching aids and apply them skillfully.

1, knowledge goals: to understand the significance of teaching aids in kindergarten education

2, ability goals: design and production of a variety of materials, teaching aids and teaching significance

3, quality goals: good professional ethics, children's awareness of environmental protection, the teacher's awareness of the creation of positive research. Good psychological quality and personality qualities

The basic requirements of teaching

The course of making play teaching aids is an important professional skills course, which is the examination subject of the preschool education major, laying a good foundation for students to engage in the cause of early childhood education.

(I) Teaching Key Points and Difficulties

In the education of the course of making play teaching aids, the content requirements of each chapter are different, the students should be put into the learning is different, and the teacher's teaching should be different.

Teaching focus: the production of play aids for children of all ages is the focus.

Teaching difficulties: the teaching and design of homemade play aids is difficult.

(2) Teaching means and methods:

This course mainly adopts classroom lectures, multimedia presentations, course observation, on-site demonstrations, after-school homework and other practice-based

(3) Requirements for practical teaching sessions

1. Teachers are required to closely integrate the practice of kindergarten mathematics education activities

2. Give full play to the advantages of practical teaching in sub-groups

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3. Encourage students to practice and feel the practice

(D) Assignments and Self-study Requirements

According to the characteristics of this course, the assignments that need to be completed by the students are: designing the production method of the teaching aids and the method of using them

(E) Assessment Methods

This is an examination course, and the assessment method adopts a hundred percent system, which includes Weekday grades, midterm grades, and final grades, accounting for 10%, 20%, and 70% of the total evaluation grade, respectively.

Third, the allocation of teaching hours

Fourth, teaching content

Chapter 1 Overview

I. Characteristics and development of pre-school children's playthings

(A) Chinese folk toys

The history of pre-school children's playthings is as old as human civilization. Whether in Egypt, Greece, or in China or Rome, a lot of toys of all times have been unearthed. Examination of the prehistoric relics found, confirmed that about 6,000 to 10,000 years ago has appeared in the original toys. Chinese toy history is even longer, according to legend, the origin of the kite prototype "wood kite (made of bamboo and wood birds)" and the Chinese folk popular to this day, a "skillful ring" toys predecessor of the Jade Lianhuan, both appeared in the Warring States period. However, for a long time, they have often been regarded as gadgets and not paid attention to. In Chinese folklore, toys are commonly known as "juggling" and "juggling goods", which are specially designed for play and entertainment, and are spiritual activities that infiltrate the society and spread the awareness of folklore culture in an entertaining way. Folk toys, as a unique art form of Chinese folk arts and crafts, have been y influenced by the auspicious culture in the long process of development, thus enriching people's lives with their distinctive entertainment, fun and prayers. Many folk toys were born in folklore, and folk customs, daily life is inseparable, some give people spiritual enlightenment, puzzle and fun, beautify and enrich life; some give people spiritual support, worship, subtle influence on people's sentiments and spirit, about its history, the text of the history is very little, however, heirlooms and unearthed physical history, confirmed that China's folk toys have a long history, the distribution of a wide range of geographical areas, flowers, flowers and prayers. Distributed in a wide range of geographical areas, a variety of colors and varieties, the production of a wide range of materials, functional diversity, fully demonstrated the creativity of our working people and the wisdom of local conditions, local materials. However, for a long time, toys in China has not become a standardized industry, some folk toys have been in danger of being lost, we should cherish this valuable cultural heritage, and have the obligation to inherit and develop.

(II) Modern Commercial Toys

The development of the modern toy industry has gone through the following stages: after World War II, plastic toys replaced wooden toys due to the emergence of plastics. in the 70's, the emergence of electronic toys has become the trend of toys. In order to attract children's hobbies and interests, toy industrialists try every possible way to constantly update their varieties. 80's, Japanese toy dealers were the first to launch the bracket toys, which were sold for a while. Now, the United States, Japan and Denmark, several large toy manufacturers in the world from the traditional products, to switch to electronic games, in order to cope with the challenge of multimedia, to seize the market, these companies and the first to go, research and development of intelligent toys. At present, the development trend of modern commercial toys are:

1. From the past purely entertainment toys to the development of intelligence-based toys

Currently, the society of more than one child, many parents, kindergartens are in a position to buy toys for their children. The toys bought in the past are mostly wind-up chickens, ducks and so on. But now more to buy intellectual type, such as magnetic drawing board, all kinds of blocks, etc., which is bound to promote the development of toys to the intellectual direction.

2. From the past hand-twisted clockwork toys, hand-pushed inertial toys to the development of remote-controlled electric toys

With the continuous progress of science and technology, high-tech toys, such as light-controlled toys, electronic computers, motorized models, etc., will be more and more popular. Especially remote control tanks, yachts, airplanes and so on.

3. From the past indoor toys to outdoor toys to transfer

The past toys are mostly small, and indoor play-based. Today's market toys, such as hula hoops, flying butterflies, bouncing balls and so on from indoor to outdoor play.

4. From the past single toy to a series of toys to develop

As a result of educational research in-depth, the development of educational functions of toys, toys will be a single transition to series. From the traditional one with a play, into a multi-play, a series of toys to complete a whole system of educational tasks. Such as animal cognition series, building cognition series, life cognition series.

Two, the basic requirements of preschool children's handmade toys

Homemade toys refers to the use of paper, cloth, needles, threads and other different material materials, through, sewing, folding, clipping, etc., do-it-yourself

make a plane or three-dimensional shape of a handmade activities.

Many years ago, toys were mostly homemade. But with the popularity of toy production, the increase in the variety of toys, the production is also more and more delicate, delicate, coupled with the emergence of a variety of various types of motorized toys, there are now very few people to make their own play and teaching aids. Many parents, kindergartens at any price to buy back toys for children to play, thinking that this is an intellectual investment, is worth it. In fact, commercial toys are prone to negative effects. It is often able to bind the creativity of preschool children, suppressing the preschool children's ability to use their hands and brains, affecting the intellectual development of preschool children. For example, mechanical toys, electric toys, without more brains and

spend any effort, just let the child learn to "push the button" action can be. This does not help much to stimulate children's intelligence. If teachers and parents skillfully guide children to design their own toys, even the simplest paper folding toys, homemade dolls, although the soil a little bit, the production of toys is not beautiful and pleasing to the eye, but the child's own hands to make toys, the effect is very different. This not only makes the child's wisdom to play, but also will make the child to develop a love of their own labor, cherish the toys and many other good habits, will be in the child's path of growth to produce subtle educational effect.

Teaching focus: the definition of the production of play toys

The value of children's play toys does not lie in the price of the high and low and expensive materials, the important thing is to have an early education, the development of intellectual role. Toys are the intimate companion of preschool children's life, it stimulates the senses of preschool children with bright colors and attractive shapes, attracts their attention and stimulates curiosity. Preschool children recognize things through seeing, doing and playing, and actively observe and think about things. Before making their own play and teaching aids, preschool children always have to observe the things they want to make through visual observation, such as shape, structure, spatial location, etc., so that they can leave a clear impression in their minds, and then go to the hands of the performance based on their memories and imaginations. The Wright Brothers in the United States in the book "how we invented the airplane" said: "Our interest in airplanes first began in childhood. Father had brought us back to a toy, with rubber bands to do power, can make it fly in the air, we imitated a few, are able to successfully fly ...... "a small rubber band wooden toy, in the Wright Brothers young mind sown the human need to fly to the sky of the strong desire, thus prompting the They spend their lives engaged in the magnificent cause of human aviation. It can be seen, preschool children through homemade, fiddling with toys, not only can understand life, know society, and can stimulate the desire for knowledge and hands and brains for creative activities of interest.

1. Homemade toys can cultivate preschool children's imagination

(2). Homemade play teaching aids can promote the development of preschool children's hand muscles

(3). Homemade play teaching aids can cultivate preschool children's aesthetic ability

(4). Homemade play teaching aids can promote the physical health of preschool children

(5). Homemade play and teaching aids can effectively utilize the resources around us, save energy and protect the environment

(6). Homemade play teaching aids can inherit and develop traditional folk crafts

Teaching difficulty: play teaching aids production requirements and the basic rules

The process of handmade play teaching aids, the need for a number of characteristics and interlinked work links constitute, but the number and order of its links, depending on the person and the matter is different, or simple or complex, and is not set in stone. In a general sense, handmade play and teaching aids include the following links: 1. Ideas, also known as the intention or intention of the craftsman, mainly refers to the mind through the imagination and thinking, the work of the material, modeling, structure, color, decoration, function and other factors, as well as pre-school children's activities in the process of the external constraints, to carry out a comprehensive plan and thinking. It is a process of image thinking.

2. Design, only the idea to form a preliminary design drawings to make the idea more clear, including the proportion of each part of the work, the structure of each part, to develop a feasible design plan. Design in the practice of production can be used as an independent link, may also be used in the form of a belly draft and the conception and production of the fusion together.

3. Selection of materials, selection of materials is to ensure the successful realization of the important prerequisite for the idea and design. Selection of materials, "selection of materials for the purpose of" "materials for the arts" two principles. "Selection of materials according to the intention" emphasizes the choice and use of materials. "Artistic use of materials" shows that materials can inspire and influence ideas and designs, for example, the use of waste is often used in this way.

4. production, is the use of technology to complete the construction phase of the product. Production methods according to the material characteristics of reasonable use. For example, cutting and pasting, weaving, printing and dyeing, carving, pinching, gluing, plugging, etc., suitable for different textures of materials, with different modeling features and effects. The production process of play and teaching aids does not pursue complexity, but should follow the principles of science and safety, for example, some wood, bamboo play and teaching aids, rough production, it is easy to scratch pre-school children, so the production process should be fine, firm, so that the play and teaching aids are durable and resistant to play, in the pre-school children's games, activities, easy to operate.

5. Decoration, painting, pasting and other techniques to beautify and decorate the teaching aids to enhance the visual aesthetics of the teaching aids, so that they not only have the use of function, but also have an aesthetic function.

The course assessment requirements: to understand the relationship between toddler teaching aids and early childhood development; to understand the educational significance of the production of toddler teaching aids; to master the scope of application of toddler teaching aids; to master the connection between toddler teaching aids and early childhood art education.

Review and reflection questions: the significance of children's homemade handmade play teaching aids.

Second chapter of the paper material teaching aids

Paper material in the kindergarten handmade use is very common, the paper material is easy to get and environmentally friendly, not only can be used in colorful color paper, but also can be used

Waste of old newspapers, calendar paper, advertising paper. Common paper play teaching aids modeling methods are folding, cutting, braiding and pasting and other methods.

One, origami teaching aids

Handmade origami is rich in changes, the shape is vivid and lovely, suitable for children's imagination and intellectual development, it seems to be a simple imitation of the game, but in fact, origami can be a comprehensive cultivation of children's observation ability, hands-on ability, hand-eye coordination of each other, as well as the ability to perceive the space. Children are curious because of the shapes and colors of the paper samples, excited because of the multiple contacts between their fingers and the paper, and enjoy a sense of accomplishment because of the final shaping of the paper. The process of origami is a playful, learning process, while origami works can be used as toys for children's games and teaching aids to assist teaching.

(I) Basic Methods

Symbols of Origami Schematic:

Concave Folding Lines:

Convex Folding Lines

2-1

The Diagram

1. opposite side folding: folding opposite sides of a square of paper

2. diagonal folding: folding opposite corners of a square

3. centralized folding: Adjacent sides of the square according to the dotted line to the diagonal fold

4 to the center of the fold: the opposite corners of the square to the center of the fold

(B), paper weaving play teaching aids

Weaving is one of our country's traditional folk crafts, has a long history, paper weaving is to draw on the basis of the folk process of preparation of the hand-woven paper strips as a material for the weaving activities. It is a kind of manual labor, but also a kind of game, young children use paper strips to weave images, can strongly promote the development of the brain, cultivate young children's hands, brain and aesthetic ability.

Paper weaving cartons

Materials and tools: harder colored paper or old calendar paper, square boxes, art knife.

Methods and steps:

(1) Cut the paper into strips of equal width and weave the bottom of the carton crosswise in the direction of warp and weft. (Figure 2-138)

(2) Using the square box as a mold, fold the strips of paper upward and weave the four elevations of the box. (Figure 2-139)

(3) Weave to a certain height, fold and insert the paper strip into the inside of the box, and the square box is completed. The lid can be made up in the same way, or the basket

handle can be added as a carrying basket. (Figure 2-140, Figure 2-141, Figure 2-142)

Figure 2-138

Figure 2-139

(iii). Paper sculpture play teaching aids

Paper sculpture is an emerging art, which is characterized by shaping three-dimensional space form, stretching on the surface, as long as we mastered one of the cutting, circling curved, twisted, folded and torn stickers and a variety of other skills, the children are able to create their own new works. Paper sculpture modeling selection of materials is generally toughness of the paper, the basic method of cutting and folding, curling, pasting and so on.

I, the basic modeling methods

1. Curl

Surface manufacturing methods, the use of pencils, sticks and other tools curled out of the applicable curvature, pay attention to the direction of the paper.

2. Cut and fold

Using straight and curved folds, the flat paper has a three-dimensional effect. Curve cut and fold, the first in the paper surface lightly draw the traces of the stealer, and then use the knife along the line of light cut, cut the line of attention to the smoothness of the curvature, do it out to be beautiful, the blade of the knife should not be too heavy, so as not to cut off the surface of the paper.

3. enclosure

The use of roll, fold, glue and other techniques, the plane enclosure to form a column, square, cone and so on. Cone enclosure, you can cut off a part of the first, lined in the cone, pasted into a cone. Square cones can be cut and folded method.

II, the basic form of production

(1) paper relief decorative painting

Figure 2-140

Figure 2-141 Figure 2-142

1. first draw the image of the basic shape of the sketch paper

2. according to the line drawing decomposition of the shape of each part of the shear, respectively, with the pen embossed, curled, pasted combination.

(2) Headdresses and masks

Headdresses are commonly used as props in kindergarten activities, and masks are worn in role-playing games, stage performances, storytelling and other activities