What notation was used in ancient China before the staff entered China?

Miyachi notation is a unique notation in China, and also spread to Japanese, Vietnamese, Korean Peninsula and other areas where Chinese characters are used. It was widely spread in ancient times, but today only performers and learners of traditional operas and music still use Miyachi notation to sing or record music.

Traditionally, the symbol of Gongchi was written straight from right to left, but now it can also be written horizontally.

Phonetic method

In Gong Chi Pu, the sound level is marked by seven Chinese characters and their variants, namely "Gong Fan Liu Wuyi in Shangchi". According to the current common singing method, its pitch relationship is the same as 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 in the notation. That is, there is a semitone between Gong Fan and B (pictured above) and a whole tone between the other two adjacent sounds.

The length of the notes in the Miyachi scale is marked with the board eye symbol (recorded to the right of the first note in each beat). Either x stands for plate, or о stands for eye. ), the number of words contained in each beat, the size of the font, and the distance between words. Banyan is called Dingban in Cantonese opera. "Board" stands for remake, "eye" or "D" stands for beat.

If a sound lasts more than one beat, add a straight line to the right of the word. The time occupied by a straight line is marked according to the general principle of sound length.

Now the notation is basically the same as in ancient times.

In "Gong Chi Pu", the pause of sound is called "stopping the board" and "stopping the eyes". Cantonese opera is called bottom plate and bottom ding.

There are two ways to remember the rest board and the rest eyes:

One is to write a "spoon" on the rest board or eye, and mark the symbol of the board or eye on the right side of this "spoon".

One is to leave a certain gap at the rest board or eye, and to the right of this gap, that is, where the board eye symbol is recorded, record the board or eye symbol. The sign of the rest board is "What's the matter with you?" Hey? Pangmanbian "or" delta "to mark.

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Note: The "ruler" of "working ruler" is pronounced as "pull".