What was the belief in the Middle Ages in the West?

The main belief in medieval Europe was Catholicism. However, there are other religions in different regions and different times.

For example:

1. In the southern Iberian Peninsula (now Andalusia, Spain), there was a Mohist dynasty that believed in Islam from the 7th century to13rd century, leaving behind the world-famous Alhambra. It was not until the "recovery movement" at the end of 13 that the Iberian Peninsula was de-islamized.

2. Byzantine dynasty, with its capital in Constantinople (present-day Istanbul), its territory also includes part of present-day Greece and all the territory of Turkey, surrounded by the Orthodox Church. 1453, Ottoman Turks invaded Constantinople (now renamed Istanbul) and perished (converted to Muslims). Under its influence, the state religion of Greece is still the Orthodox Church.

3. Lithuanian, an Eastern European country, originally believed in polytheism according to historical records (Chronicle of quedlinburg). 125 1 year, Mindagas was baptized, and Pope Sinibaldo Fieschi issued a papal edict, announcing the establishment of the Lithuanian kingdom, and the national reform was returned to God.

4. Norway, a Nordic country, is said to have believed in polytheism about 950 years ago (Nordic mythology, the main god Odin); About 950 years ago, Wang Guoli, Norway (Enlightenment), which was the beginning of Norwegian history.

5. Protestantism is a general term for a series of new sects formed by churches and Christians who broke away from the Roman Catholic Church during the Reformation in the 6th century. The mainstream sects are Lutheranism, Calvinism and Episcopal Church. Lutheranism is the collective name of all church groups based on Martin Luther's religious thought. Because the core of its teachings is "only faith is righteousness", it is also called Lutheranism. It is the product of the German Reformation and was founded by Martin Luther in Germany on 1529. The establishment of this new Sect marks the birth of Protestantism. Calvinism is a sect formed by the French religious reformer Calvin in Switzerland. This Sect advocates that believers elect elders to run the church, so it is also called Presbyterian Church. Calvin believes that whoever is redeemed by God and who is rejected is predetermined by God. Only God's "chosen people" can be saved and justified with confidence. Only self-discipline, thrift and hard work can win God's favor and choice. This view laid the foundation for the formation of the original capitalist spirit. Calvinism is called Reformed Church in Holland and Germany, Huguenots in France, Presbyterian Church in Scotland and Puritans in England. The Anglican Church of Western European countries in Britain first came to England in 597 by St. Augustine of Canterbury to preach, mainly believing in Catholicism. The conflict between the church and England in the Middle Ages reached its peak because Henry VIII broke with Catholicism during the Reformation. When the Pope refused to declare the marriage between Henry and Catherine of Aragon invalid, the king promulgated the "Supreme Law" and declared the king of England the leader of the Anglican Church. During the reign of Henry's successor, Edward VI of England, England, the wind of reform was introduced to England. During the five years of Mary I's rule, Catholicism was restored, but Elizabeth I acceded to the throne (1558), and the Anglican Church was re-declared as the state religion, with the Prayer Book and the Thirty-nine Creeds as the standards of etiquette and doctrine. Puritanism rose in the17th century and eventually evolved into the English Civil War. During the * * * and the period, the government suppressed the Anglican Church, but the Anglican Church was restored at 1660. Evangelicals appeared in the Anglican Church in the18th century, emphasizing the Protestant tradition, while the Oxford Movement rose in England in the19th century, emphasizing the Catholic tradition.

That's about it. I hope that history can be greatly corrected and supplemented.