How to process organic fertilizer?

Organic fertilizers are all cooked fertilizers, which will burn plants to death and contain a lot of bacteria. The indigenous method in rural areas is generally to cook the feces, that is, ferment them, then add high-temperature anaerobic treatment, and finally mix probiotics, NPK, pesticides, herbicides and so on.

The specific method is as follows:

Fermentation is mainly carried out in fermentor, that is, chicken manure is piled up during fermentation, and it is best to add a proper amount of fermentation strains and then cover them with agricultural plastic film. Usually the fermentation time is 10-20 days. Turn over the pile once or twice in the middle, and wait until white hyphae appear on the surface of the dunghill, which has the fragrance of distiller's yeast, that is, the fermentation is successful. Among them, attention should be paid to controlling moisture and temperature: moisture: the moisture of fermented materials should be controlled at 60 ~ 65%. Moisture judgment: grab a handful of materials by hand so that there are water drops on the ground. Less moisture leads to slow fermentation, and more moisture leads to poor ventilation, which also leads to the work of "spoilage bacteria" and produces odor; Temperature: the initial temperature should be above 65438 05℃, and the fermentation temperature should be controlled below 70℃. Too high a temperature will affect the nutrients.

After submerged fermentation, chicken manure was dried and crushed. The crushed chicken manure can be used directly, but it is called traditional farmyard manure, not commercial organic manure.

Organic fertilizer also needs disinfection and formula mixing. Disinfection is high-temperature anaerobic treatment, biological disinfection, that is, doctor colony disinfection. The standards to be met are that the content of five heavy metals should not exceed the standard, and the mortality rate of ascaris eggs and the value of Escherichia coli should meet the standard. . Formulation mixing shall conform to NY525-2002 standard. According to this standard, the total content of NPK must be greater than or equal to 4%, the organic matter must be greater than or equal to 30%, the moisture is less than or equal to 20%, and the PH value is 5.5-8.0.

Only those who meet the above requirements are qualified organic fertilizers. From the appearance, commercial organic fertilizer can be divided into powder and granule. If you want to produce granular commercial organic fertilizer, you need granulation. Generally, there are many disc granulation equipment in organic fertilizer production, including metering equipment, laboratory equipment, mixing equipment, granulation equipment, drying equipment, screening equipment, filling equipment, sewing equipment and so on.

Equipment investment, production cost and benefit analysis of an annual output of 5000 tons of powdered organic fertilizer.

(1) Investment in equipment and supporting facilities

1. Centralized treatment scheme of chicken manure: build a large-scale manure treatment station in the large-scale centralized breeding area with more than 650,000 laying hens. The daily processing of eggs and chicken manure is more than 33 m3, and a 6M-span mixer is used, each with a price of/kloc-0.08 million yuan; A transparent greenhouse of 750 square meters will be built, and a fermentation tank of 630 m3 will be built in the greenhouse. (The cost of different materials ranges from 30,000 to 70,000 yuan. ) The cost of production equipment and facilities is 654.38+03.8-654.38+078 million yuan.

2. Dispersed treatment scheme of chicken manure: Two 2M-span mixers will be built in two large-scale farms, each 2M mixer will cost 63,000 yuan, 380m2 glass fiber reinforced plastic greenhouse will cost 20,000 yuan based on domestic materials, and 240m3 fermentor/kloc-0.5 million yuan, and each manure treatment station will cost 98,000 yuan. The investment of two manure treatment stations is1980,000 yuan. (An enterprise in the Central Plains cooperated with the farm in the form of compensation trade, and the farm built its own fermentor and greenhouse, and the enterprise invested in the blender, both of which were very satisfied. )

It is more scientific, reasonable and economical to expand or build more fermenters with small equipment according to the scale and ground conditions of the farm.

(2) The production cost of powdered organic fertilizer. (After fermentation in the farm, it is pulled back to the factory and bagged)

1, daily consumption of fresh chicken manure: daily output 12 tons× 2.7 cubic meters/ton×15 yuan/cubic meter =486 yuan (excluding freight), with a subtotal of 40.6 yuan per ton.

2. The annual production of 5000 tons of organic fertilizer requires dry straw powder 100 tons. (Used in summer, outsourced) per ton 170 yuan, totaling 17000 yuan, with the subtotal of 3.4 yuan per ton.

3. The dosage of bacteria is11.5 million, and the daily dosage is 2 16 kg × 100 yuan =2 16 yuan, with a subtotal per ton 18 yuan.

4, freight per ton subtotal 20 yuan. (From the farm to the packaging workshop)

5. The depreciation expense of facilities and equipment is calculated in five years (the equipment and facilities are calculated in 200,000 yuan, which is about 40,000 yuan a year, and the subtotal is per ton of 8 yuan).

6. Total wages. There are 5 workers, each with a monthly salary of 500 yuan, totaling 2500 yuan /30=83.3 yuan/12t, with a subtotal of 6.94 yuan per ton.

7. Daily electricity consumption: time 10 degrees× 2 hours/day× 0.6 yuan/degree = 12 yuan, with a subtotal of per ton 1 yuan.

The total production cost of powdery pure organic fertilizer (with nutrient content above 9% and organic matter around 75%) is 97.94 yuan per ton.

(3), economic benefit analysis

Powder pure organic fertilizer produced by fermentation is used to treat livestock manure, and the production cost per ton is 97.94 yuan. Adjusted according to the national organic fertilizer standard, plus the storage cost of packaging bags and the salary of packaging personnel. 120 yuan/T. According to the current market price of dried chicken manure, it is sold in 260 yuan per ton. Gross profit per ton 140 yuan. Excluding the agency fee and transportation fee, the net profit is calculated in 50 yuan, and the annual sales of 5,000 tons can earn 250,000 yuan.

4. Annual production cost 1 10,000 tons of standard organic fertilizer for nursery.

(1) Investment in equipment and supporting facilities

1, manure treatment and fermentation equipment and supporting facilities with an annual output of 5,000 tons of powdery pure organic fertilizer is 200,000 yuan. The production of 1 10,000 tons of special organic fertilizer requires 5,000-7,000 tons of powdered pure organic fertilizer, and its manure treatment and fermentation equipment and supporting facilities are 200,000-300,000 yuan.

2. To produce high-grade special organic fertilizer or bio-organic and inorganic compound fertilizer, it is necessary to build another workshop for configuration, granulation and packaging. Feed-type (columnar) granulator is 50,000-200,000 yuan; Spherical granulator 15-25 yuan. Even better, 700,000 yuan.

3. The granulating and packaging workshop is 360 square meters, and the cost per square meter is 400 yuan, totaling 6,543,800 yuan+0,440 yuan.

The total investment is 700,000 yuan. Even better, 1.2 million yuan.

(2) Production cost of special organic fertilizer.

1, powdery pure organic fertilizer semi-finished product. 97.94 yuan/ton/ton, 7000 tons subtotal 685580 yuan.

2. 3,000 tons of additives, each ton of 30 yuan, totaling 90,000 yuan.

3. Facilities depreciation. Granulation and packaging workshop, depreciation 15 years, subtotal 10000 yuan/year.

4. Equipment depreciation expense and repair expense. A set of spherical granulating and packaging equipment is 250,000 yuan. Depreciation for 5 years, 50,000 yuan per year, repair cost of 6,000 yuan, subtotal of 56,000 yuan.

5, packaging bags. 1.7 yuan each piece, 25 pieces per ton, totaling 42.5 yuan /t, 1 10,000 tons of total output of 430,000 yuan.

6. Wages and benefits. Working ability 10, with a per capita salary of 2,500 yuan, totaling 25,000 yuan per month. The annual subtotal is 300,000 yuan.

7. Operating expenses. Subtotal: 200,000 yuan.

8. Other expenses. Subtotal: 200,000 yuan.

Total (1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8) =1971580 yuan. The storage cost per ton is 197. 16 yuan.

Of course, all kinds of labor costs, packaging costs, utilities have to be adjusted according to local prices.

I hope it will be useful and useful for you to adopt.