How can kindergarten teachers give full play to the role of toy materials?

Homemade toys are loved by preschool teachers because they are economical, practical, safe and environmentally friendly, and can highlight the basic skills of teachers' ingenuity. However, many times, teachers spend a lot of effort, but the toys made by working overtime can't get the expected effect: some are gaudy and eye-catching, but they can't stand the "heavy" blow of children; Some are exquisite and meticulous, but unfortunately, children "don't buy it" and never want to play again after playing once; Some simply put it on the shelf and wait until the kindergarten has an activity appraisal before meeting the children ... Our garden won the second prize in the 20 13 Jiangsu Kindergarten Homemade Teaching Toy Competition, which also triggered some thoughts on my homemade toys.

Selection of materials is suitable for young children.

Teachers will find that when we want to make a toy, many materials are hard to find. I remember seeing a kindergarten teacher's space log: collecting "garbage" every day, eating KFC and taking the box away; After drinking, take the bottle away; After eating seafood, shells are taken away ... resist the curious eyes of sales staff, and I will always collect "garbage"! Because today's "garbage", through our kindergarten teacher's wonderful workmanship, tomorrow may be children's precious toys. Indeed, homemade toys need all kinds of materials with different shapes and materials, so that there will be no embarrassment of "a clever woman can't cook without rice".

As a kindergarten teacher, we should collect and sort out all kinds of original materials that can be used to make toys in time. Give full play to parents' resources and collect them with children. You can create a "class baby" collection box and tell your children to clean up the empty boxes and bottles that are not used at home and bring them into the collection box. The teacher arranges the collection boxes regularly and chooses materials suitable for the children in this class to make toys. When selecting materials, it is required to be safe, firm and easy to operate. For example, to make a barbecue table, some kindergarten teachers choose milk boxes and some choose biscuit tin boxes. Make small chairs for dolls' homes (there are no ready-made ones in rural kindergartens). Some kindergarten teachers choose to use paper boxes, while others choose to use iron milk powder cans. By comparison, we know which one is more durable. The selection of materials should also follow the principle of multi-play. For example, after cleaning the empty shell, you can paint it with color, you can be a gobang, or you can put it in the math area for children to practice; Another example is an empty toothpaste box, which can be thrown into the construction area to play dominoes, stack games, build mazes and play racing games.

According to past experience, we found that children don't know what to play when there are too many materials, and too few materials can't meet the needs of children's games. The materials of homemade toys are not static. Teachers need to observe and understand the situation of children's games in time, and increase or decrease the materials at any time with the development level of children to guide the further development of the game plot. The input of semi-finished products is very important, which can improve the passion of children's re-processing and creation, and let children combine and process at will, think positively and fully imagine, so as to creatively play various games.

Process creation accompanies children.

Grasping the purpose and interest of homemade toys firmly is the key to making toys. Teachers should make clear the starting point of homemade toys, first from the needs of children's development. Interest is the best teacher. Only children who are interested in toys are willing to take the initiative to play with the operation and boldly express their ideas and creativity in the game. If people follow the trend, it will only be counterproductive to collect a few ready-made homemade toys on the Internet and throw them to their children. The creation process of homemade toys is not a kindergarten teacher's "personal talent show", but the participation of children determines the depth and breadth of the game. People often say: "A good beginning is half done", and children will happily participate in the whole process of toy making, which will lay a good emotional foundation for the development of the game. At the same time, children's further understanding of the play, rules and precautions of toys will help to improve their enthusiasm for participating in the game in the later stage. Mr. Tao Xingzhi advocates "the integration of teaching and learning", so that both teaching and learning are centered on doing, learning by doing, and using both hands and brains. Children can help teachers cut small drawing paper and glue, which not only exercises children's ability to use their hands and brains, but also stimulates their interest in participating in games. Play while doing, learn while playing, so as to develop children's imagination and creativity and let children experience the fun of creation.

Rule-building helps young children.

Why are some homemade toys always banned? Thinking about the past and the future is nothing more than two points. First, I am afraid that children will play with toys and do them again, which will increase the workload of teachers. Second, I am afraid that it will take time and effort to clean up after playing. The so-called "fish" is not as good as "fishing". Teachers should not only teach children how to play games, but also gradually cultivate their awareness of obeying rules. The Guide to Learning and Development for Children Aged 3-6 also points out: "Pay attention to children's learning quality. The positive attitude and good behavior tendency shown by children in the process of activities are valuable qualities necessary for lifelong learning and development. " To guide children to learn to wait patiently, don't compete for their companions' toys; When you want to play with a toy, you can negotiate with your partner. Don't make a scene when there are many people, it will affect others to play games; After the game, put away the toys and put them back, which will not affect the next game. The establishment of rules and the cultivation of good behavior habits are the guarantee for children to play games in an orderly manner.

Observe, evaluate and respect children.

Careful observation and scientific evaluation are the golden keys to encourage children to participate in various games. Smyer once said: "Careful observation of small things is the secret of success in career, art, science and life." It is also pointed out in the outline: "Teachers should understand and analyze children's needs and experiences, as well as the existing development level of movement, language, cognition and sociality, from children's play behavior and emotional attitude, and collect information for designing educational environment, putting materials and organizing educational activities." In the face of children's games, only through careful observation can teachers understand the space, time, toy materials, partners and game content of children's games. Teachers should actively guide children to communicate, share the experience and experience of game activities, and communicate with children in heuristic language, such as: "What other auxiliary materials do you need?" "Do you have any good ideas and ideas for the next game? I'm really looking forward to meeting them! " For the unsolved problems in the game, teachers should encourage children, help them broaden their thinking, improve their ability to find and solve problems, and make them look forward to the next game.

Rafe put forward in Miracle of Classroom 56: "Teachers and parents should remember that it is children who should perform on stage, even if they are not perfect. Because this is the most beautiful place in art-we pursue perfection, but we can never achieve it. The process of pursuit is everything. " The same is true of homemade toys, which are not created to please adults and are not prepared for environmental assessment. Their starting point and destination should be based on and serving children. Let's bend down and ask the children what toys they need from their point of view. What toys do children like? Establish a correct concept of children and education, always remind yourself to put children first, and let children really experience the happiness brought by homemade toys!