Medical Ethics Chapter 2: Section 2 Medical Deontology

I. Overview

(1) Deontology

Deontology is a system of theories about moral obligation and responsibility, also known as nonconsequentialism or deontology. It centers on moral duties and responsibilities, studies and researches what people should and should not do, i.e., what kind of moral norms people should abide by, and researches the motives and intentions of people's behaviors to ensure that their behaviors are moral.

(B) medical deontology

Medical deontology is a theoretical system that regulates medical ethics, which centers on the obligations and responsibilities of medical ethics, researches and discusses what medical personnel should do and should not do, that is, medical personnel should abide by what kind of medical ethics, and researches the motives and intentions of medical personnel's behaviors to ensure that their behaviors are ethical.

Second, the obligation of medical ethics

The core content of medical deontology is the obligation of medical ethics, and to grasp the obligation of medical ethics is the key to grasp the theory of medical deontology.

(a) Overview of the obligation of medical ethics

The obligation of medical ethics is the obligation of medical ethics, which is the professional moral responsibility of the medical profession.

The subject of responsibility of medical moral obligation is the whole medical community, the basic subject of responsibility is the medical staff; the object of responsibility is the object of service, the basic is the patient.

(B) the characteristics of the obligation of medical ethics

The obligation of medical ethics compared with medical legal obligations, has the following characteristics:

1, the obligation of medical ethics rely on non-power coercive force to maintain

The obligation of medical law relies on the state violence machine as a backing, is a kind of power coercive obligation; different from the obligation of medical law, the obligation of medical ethics, rely on the medical community to form, maintain the medical community and even the whole society, public opinion, traditional and traditional. The formation and maintenance of the obligation of medical ethics depends on the formation and maintenance of the medical profession and even the whole society's public opinion, traditional habits, inner beliefs and other non-power coercive force.

2. The fulfillment of the obligation of medical ethics is not premised on the acquisition of rights.

Through a certain process of formation of the medical law provides for the rights and obligations of the legal subject, the obligations of the legal subject always correspond to the rights. As the medical morality to regulate the governance of medical and health care undertakings, in the medical behavior of the subject of medical morality obligations at the same time, of course, also gives the right to medical morality; but as the subject of medical morality itself in the assumption of medical morality obligations, in order to improve the time of their own medical virtues, do not take the acquisition of moral rights as a prerequisite (although objectively, they are in the fulfillment of the obligations of the medical morality at the same time, in fact, has been and should be acquire moral rights), and often presupposes more or less self-sacrifice.

3, medical ethics obligations involved in a wide range of

medical legal obligations involved only in the medical field has a significant utility in the behavior, society believes that must be regulated through the legal process, is often the minimum requirements for the medical community; and because the medical ethics of the field is broad, wherever there is a relationship of interest in the field of medicine, are required to be and have been for the regulation of medical ethics, medical ethics obligations involved in the medical field, medical ethics obligations involved in the medical field, medical ethics obligations, medical ethics obligations, medical ethics obligations, medical ethics obligations, medical ethics obligations, medical ethics obligations, medical ethics obligations. ethics, medical ethical obligations relate to all behaviors that have utility in the medical field and are broader in scope than medical legal obligations. Moreover, compared with the legal and illegal realm of medical legal obligation is relatively single, medical moral obligation exists in violation of medical morality, medical morality and medical morality and other levels of different realms, medical moral obligation of the requirements of the realm of the scope is also large.

(C) the content of the duty of medical ethics

With the development of medicine and social progress, the professional responsibility of the medical profession will undergo some changes, and today it is only to save lives and help the sick, prevention and treatment of disease, maintenance of health, and to improve the quality of life and other basic aspects. The obligation of medical ethics is the social requirements of the medical profession's professional responsibility, and its specific content is the social system of medical ethics.

Third, the significance and limitations of medical deontology

Medical deontology is also an important theory of medical ethics, which is of great significance to the construction of medical ethics system and the determination of professional responsibility of the medical profession. People used to construct their own medical ethical system centered on "medical moral obligation", but relying only on medical deontology to construct a medical ethical system shows its limitations.

(1) The significance of medical deontology

Medical deontology occupies an important position in medical ethics, which very clearly puts forward the moral requirements for the medical profession, and provides moral guidance for the medical behavior of the medical profession.

1. Medical deontology is an important part of medical ethics

As mentioned above, medical ethics is a theoretical system about medical morality, and it is a complete system of medical ethics composed of the following three components - meta-medical ethics: the method of formulating medical morality; normative medical ethics: the formulation of good medical morality; virtue ethics: the formulation of good medical morality, and virtue ethics: the formulation of good medical morality. Virtue Ethics: the realization of good medical ethics. In this way, normative medical ethics is the main part of medical ethics, and medical deontology pays great attention to proposing specific medical moral obligations, i.e., medical ethics, and medical moral obligations have become the theoretical content of medical ethics, and thus become an important part of medical ethics.

2, medical deontology is conducive to medical personnel to clarify their professional responsibilities

Medical deontology focuses on revealing the obligations of medical ethics, and puts forward the requirements of society on the medical profession's professional ethics. This is very conducive to medical personnel to clarify their professional responsibilities, very directly clear what they should do, should not do what, a moral medical personnel should follow which medical ethics. The first time I saw this, it was a very good idea to get a copy of the book.

(B) limitations

Medical deontology focuses on the moral requirements of social medicine, but that these moral requirements are absolute, often regardless of the results of the behavior of the community, the patient, their own is a disaster or a blessing, the spirit of its essence in a nutshell, that is, "even if the sky is falling, but also to do 'justice' thing. Even if the sky is falling, we must do what is 'right'". No attention is paid to how these ethical requirements are put forward, formed, argued and studied, or to the flexible application of these norms in the rich and complex reality of medical practice. Especially today, in the medical ethical decision-making, based on the moral norms (medical ethics obligations) will be contradictory between themselves; in the moral evaluation of many medical behaviors, there are existing moral norms (medical ethics obligations) contradictory between themselves, at this time, the defects of the medical deontology is exposed more prominent.

Medical Consequentialism is a theory that proposes, forms, argues, and researches medical moral norms, and Medical Consequentialism makes up for this defect of Medical Virtue Theory in the construction of medical ethical system. The determination of medical obligations, that is, the development of a system of medical ethics can not rely on medical deontology itself, but must rely on medical consequentialism.