Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Traditional festivals - Contains entries for the Nadam convention.
Contains entries for the Nadam convention.
Nadam is Mongolian, meaning "entertainment" or "game". It is a simplification of the full names of Mongolian men's wrestling, horse racing and archery. The full name of Mongolian is "Ilya Gulibu Ennadamu".
According to relevant historical records, at the beginning of13rd century, there was "Nadam" among Mongolian nomadic tribes in northern China. In order to arrange pasture reasonably, Mongolian tribes hold joint meetings of neighboring tribes in July and August every year. At that time, a "Nada curtain" will be held to celebrate the harvest and show friendship. By the Yuan Dynasty, "Nadam" had developed into a relatively complete and fixed form. At that time, it was stipulated that Mongolian men must have three skills, namely wrestling, horse racing and archery. Due to tradition, wrestling, horse racing and archery are the main contents of Nadam every time. Among these three sports, wrestling is the main event. No wrestling can be called Nadam.
"Nadam" has always been held in three ways: large, medium and small. Large-scale "Nadam" usually lasts for seven to ten days, while small and medium-sized "Nadam" depends on conditions or actual needs.
Nadam convention has always been full of rich national characteristics and has a long history. Traditional etiquette has been popular so far and has magical charm. The venue layout of Nadam Convention is also very spectacular. In front of the venue is the rostrum. In front of the rostrum, there is a pennant with a white background and a blue edge, on which is written the flag of Chugulagan of XX tribe. The Mongolian translation "Chugulagan" means collection. The background color of the banner is white, the border is blue, and the text is blue-white symbolizes purity, blue symbolizes broadness and eternity, and symbolizes the mind of grassland herders, as pure as milk and as broad and eternal as blue sky. Throughout the ages, this kind of flag has always been inserted on the grassland for gatherings and festivals. This practice continues to this day.
Although the entrance ceremony of Nadam Convention has been changed and innovated, it has retained the traditional ceremony. At the beginning of the conference, there were nine riders dressed in national costumes in front of the honor guard. Take Hada and snuff bottles. Riding nine white horses around site run for three weeks. Mongols are noble and white. Riding a white horse to show holiness. "Three" and "nine" are auspicious numbers. There is a square table in front of the rostrum of the conference. There is a whole sheep, a can of milk, oil cakes, wine and other food on the table of the Eight Immortals. The host recited a commemorative poem to express his congratulations on the grand banquet. After that, give milk to the guests to taste, as a sign of friendship, welcome and celebrate the festival. At the same time, let everyone share the fruits and joy of this bumper harvest.
Nadam convention has always been a grand gathering of grassland herders. Whenever "Nadam" is held, hundreds of herdsmen in Fiona Fang are dressed in bright national costumes, riding horses, herding animals and carrying yurts, and people come to watch and participate in the competition in an endless stream.
The interior and exterior scenes of the Nadam Convention are magnificent. When you come to the vast grassland and see the Nadam convention in the distance, you will feel that you are wandering in the green ocean, which is refreshing. Spring is as deep as the sea, and the green waves are chasing on the Thousand-mile Plain. Sheep melt white clouds, and horses raise Hong Tao. White yurts are like pearls embedded in grass. Happy herders wear red and green clothes, as colorful as flowers on the grassland. The "Nadam" activity turned the grassland into a sea of joy. People are tasting authentic hand-grabbed meat, longing for wine, pulling up Ma Touqin and dancing Diane, immersed in unparalleled agitation and happiness.
With the changes and development of history, the traditional Nadam convention has become more and more colorful and has the characteristics of the times. Especially since the reform and opening up, politics, economy, culture and sports in pastoral areas have developed vigorously, and the "Nadam" has undergone obvious changes in both content and scale. Nowadays, "Nadam" has become a grand meeting to implement the Party's line and ethnic policies, publicize major events at home and abroad, disseminate scientific knowledge and commodity information, sum up and exchange experience in animal husbandry production, display animal husbandry achievements, and conduct extensive exchanges of materials and commodities in urban and rural pastoral areas. In terms of cultural and sports activities, in addition to the traditional three competitions, Mongolian chess, martial arts, gymnastics, acrobatics, ball games, tug-of-war, equestrian, horse riding, motorcycle racing, song and dance, drama, mongolia film, TV programs, Ulan Qi Mu performances, etc. Today's Nadam Convention has become a carrier for grassland people to "build a stage with style and sing opera with economy", introduce foreign exchanges, develop tourism and spread national culture.
What festival is Nadam? "Nadam" is a traditional festival of Mongolian Nadam Congress, which is usually held in July and August when livestock are fat. Traditional competitive activities such as wrestling and horse racing will be held during the festival.
According to records, "Nadam" originated in the early days of the founding of the Mongolian khanate. At that time, in order to review the army and maintain and distribute grasslands, Genghis Khan called tribal leaders to hold various games and competitions every summer, such as archery, horse racing or wrestling, which meant unity and friendship and praying for a bumper harvest. This is the predecessor of Nadam. By the time the Nadam Conference was held in the Qing Dynasty, Nadam gradually evolved into an organized and purposeful entertainment event convened by the government on a regular basis and held once a year or three years with Sumu (equivalent to township), flags and leagues as units.
Today, the Mongolian people hold "Nadam" every year. Today's "Nadam" is flexible and diverse, including wrestling, horse racing, archery, horse riding, playing Mongolian chess and other traditional ethnic events. In some places, track and field, tug-of-war and basketball will be added, and even martial arts, polo, horse riding and archery will be performed. During the "Nadam" period, people came from all directions to watch the games and performances, and the grassland was filled with festive atmosphere. This is an annual Mongolian festival.
Nadam Convention is a traditional festival of which nationality in China? The "Nadam" conference is a traditional festival with a long history in Mongolia. "Nadam" is a kind of Nadam meeting of Mongolians, also known as "Nair" Nadam meeting. "Nadam" is a transliteration of Mongolian, which means "entertainment game" to show a bumper harvest.
Nadam, which begins on the fourth day of the sixth lunar month every year, is a grand gathering of Mongolian people. The contents of the Nadam Congress mainly include wrestling, horse racing, archery, horse riding, playing Mongolian chess and other traditional ethnic events. In some places, there are track and field, tug of war, basketball and other sports.
So far, Nadam has a history of 800 years. On May 20th, 2006, Nadam was approved by the State Council to be included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage list.
Extended data:
The prototype of Nadam Congress is the Mongolian "Sacrifice to Aobao" grand meeting, which is an activity for grassland people to sacrifice their ancestors and pray for the blessing of heaven and earth. According to the inscription on the cliff of Genghis Khan, in 1225, Genghis Khan made a western expedition, and on his way back to the grassland, he held a Nadam meeting to celebrate the conquest of the flower thorn submodule.
During the Yuan Dynasty, the political situation was relatively stable, and Nadam was widely developed in Mongolian grassland areas. In the Qing Dynasty, Zasak, the Mongolian flag (the length of a flag), held a grand flag-raising event for Nadam Conference to show its prominent position. At the same time, during the Aobao Sacrifice and Temple Fair, fixed celebrations were held in various places, forming a multi-level and multi-form grassland Nadam Conference.
Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region was founded in 1947, and Nadam was designated as Mongolian grassland rally. 1948, the Nadam Conference of Ganjul Temple in Hulunbeier League was held. Taking this as a starting point, the League-level Nadam Conference was held in Xilin Gol League, Wulanchabu League, Yikezhao League, Bayannaoer League, Zhelimu League (Tongliao City) and Xing 'an League. 195 1 year, the first nadam convention of the autonomous region was held.
From the 1950s to the mid-1980s, Nadamudo was an irregular celebration rally led by the government. Since 199 1, the Nadam convention has become an important way for people in the grassland to gather and entertain, with increasingly rich contents and a large number of participants.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Nadam
Which nationality's festival is Nadam Convention? The traditional Mongolian festival (a five-day grand event) Nadam Festival is a Mongolian festival. Nadam is a transliteration of Mongolian, which means "entertainment and games" to express the joy of harvest. The "Nadam" conference is a traditional festival with a long history in Mongolia and occupies an important position in the life of the Mongolian people. Nadam, which begins on the fourth day of the sixth lunar month every year, is a grand gathering of Mongolian people. The contents of the Nadam Congress mainly include wrestling, horse racing, archery, horse riding, playing Mongolian chess and other traditional ethnic events. In some places, there are track and field, tug of war, basketball and other sports. The "Nadam" conference held in July and August every year during the livestock fattening season is a cultural and entertainment conference held by people to celebrate the bumper harvest. "Nadam" means entertainment or games in Mongolian. There are thrilling horse racing, wrestling, admirable archery, competitive chess and fascinating songs and dances at the Nadam convention. Horse racing is also one of the important activities of the conference. Competition characteristics of Nadam convention. After the competition of Nadam Convention began, the riders lined up, each wearing a colored belt and a colored towel, full of youthful vitality. There are all kinds of colorful flags at the beginning and end of the horse race. As soon as the horn sounded, the riders flew into the saddle and whipped their horses, and the red scarf flew like an arrow. The top five became the most praised athletes on the grassland. Archery, wrestling and other competitions have also attracted many herders.
The Origin of Nadam Conference The Origin of Nadam Conference is an annual traditional festival of Mongolians in Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Qinghai and Xinjiang. It is held in July and August every year in the golden season of lush water plants, fat livestock and crisp autumn.
Nadam means "entertainment" or "game" in Mongolian. It occupies an important position in the life of the Mongolian people, and it is produced to meet the living needs of the Mongolian people. Nadam convention has a long history. In the past, during the Nadam Conference, there were large-scale sacrificial activities. Lamas had to burn incense and light lamps, recite scriptures and praise Buddha, pray for the blessing of the gods, and eliminate disasters and solve problems. At present, the Nadam Convention mainly includes wrestling, horse racing, archery, saburo, horse riding, playing Mongolian chess and other traditional national events. In some places, there are sports competitions such as track and field, tug-of-war, volleyball and basketball. In addition, there are wonderful performances such as martial arts, polo, archery on horseback, chopping on horseback, Atletico walking, riding skills, motorcycles and so on. Horses participating in the Atletico Walking Race must undergo special training. They can't leave the ground on all fours at the same time They can only walk fast, but they can't run fast.
As night falls, the melodious and passionate voice of Ma Touqin is floating on the grassland, young men and women are singing and dancing by the bonfire, and people are immersed in the joy of the festival.
When is the Dharma Convention? Nadam Congress is an annual traditional festival for Mongolians in Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Qinghai and Xinjiang. Held in July and August every year, it is a golden season with rich aquatic plants, fat livestock and crisp autumn.
Nadam means "entertainment" or "game" in Mongolian. It occupies an important position in the life of the Mongolian people, and it is produced to meet the living needs of the Mongolian people.
The 17th Tourism Nadam Congress in Inner Mongolia
Time: July 25th to July 3rd, 20061.
Venue: Gegentala Grassland Tourism Center, Siziwangqi, Wulanchabu
Content: large-scale opening ceremony, watching horse racing, wrestling, archery, folk songs and dances, acrobatics, costumes and fire party performances.
The Origin of Mongolian Wrestling Wrestling is called "Bok" in Mongolian, which is a traditional sports activity of Mongolian. The wrestler asked Bok Baird to play. As early as the 13th century, it was popular in the northern grasslands. It is not only a sports activity, but also an entertainment activity. Belongs to Aobao and Nadam.
Mongolian wrestling is recorded in history, about the thirteenth century. The popular form of wrestling at that time was no different from later Mongolian wrestling. So-called freestyle wrestling prevailed at that time. This wrestling method stipulates that you can still wrestle while lying down, and only when your opponent touches the ground with both shoulders can you win. Therefore, in order to achieve this goal, contestants can subdue each other by various means, and accidents of disability and death are also common.
In recent years, after reform, the ancient Mongolian wrestling is famous at home and abroad for its transliteration-Bok. At the main Nadam convention, there is a women's boxing competition. She is a beautiful flower in Nadam sports, attracting the attention of guests at home and abroad. The unique ornamental value of female boxers has woven a string of colorful auras for Nadam Convention.
After the reform, boxing is often composed of individual events. This kind of competition not only has individual champion, but also team competition, exhibition competition and comfort competition, which has injected infinite vitality into the ancient Mongolian wrestling. So Bok walked into the National Competition Hall.
The origin of various lunar festivals: traditional festivals in China.
The legal holidays in China are: New Year (1,1); Spring Festival (Lunar New Year); International Women's Day (March 8); Arbor Day (March12); International Labor Day (May1); China Youth Day (May 4th); International Nurses' Day (May12); Children's Day (June1); China * * * birthday anniversary (July1); China People's Army Day (August1); Teacher's Day (September10); National Day (65438+1October1); News Festival (165438+1October 8th).
China's New Year's Day is said to have started in Zhuan Xu, one of the three emperors and five emperors, with a history of more than 3,000 years. The word "New Year's Day" first appeared in the Book of Jin: "It is actually the spring of New Year's Day when the emperor was transferred to the first month." In the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Xiao Ziyun's poem "Elegance in the Southern Dynasties" also recorded "New Year's Day in four seasons, long life in early spring".
The main traditional festivals in China include Spring Festival, Lantern Festival, Tomb-Sweeping Day, Dragon Boat Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival. In addition, ethnic minorities also have their own traditional festivals, such as the Water-splashing Festival of the Dai people, the Nadam Festival of the Mongolian people, the Torch Festival of the Yi people, the Danu Festival of the Yao people, the March Street of the Bai people, the Gexu Festival of the Zhuang people, the Tibetan calendar year and the Guowang Festival, and the jump flower festival of the Miao people.
Spring Festival is the first traditional festival in China. In the past, the Spring Festival was called "New Year" because according to the lunar calendar that has been used in China's history, this day is the first day of the first month and the beginning of a new year. According to records, the people of China have celebrated the Spring Festival for more than 4,000 years, which was initiated by Yu Shun. One day more than two thousand years BC, Shun became emperor and led his men to worship heaven and earth. Since then, people have regarded this day as the beginning of a year, that is, the first day of the first month. It is said that this is the origin of the Lunar New Year, which was later called the Spring Festival. 19 1 1 After the Revolution of 1911, China adopted the Gregorian calendar, and the Lunar New Year was renamed "Spring Festival" (the Gregorian calendar lasted from the end of June to the middle of February). During the Spring Festival, every household puts up Spring Festival couplets and New Year pictures to decorate their rooms. The night before the Spring Festival is called "New Year's Eve", which is an important moment for family reunion. The whole family get together and have a big "New Year's Eve". Many people stay up late, which is the so-called "shou nian". The next day, everyone began to "pay New Year greetings" to relatives and friends, greeting each other and wishing all the best in the new year. During the Spring Festival, lion dancing, dragon dancing, boating and walking on stilts are the most common traditional recreational activities.
The fifteenth day of the first lunar month is the Lantern Festival, also known as Shangyuan Festival, Lantern Festival and Lantern Festival. This is the first full moon night after the Spring Festival. According to legend, Emperor Wendi of the Han Dynasty (179- 157) celebrated Zhou Bo's suppression of the rebellion of the Lus on the 15th day of the first month. Every night, he will go out to play in the palace and play with people, and set the fifteenth day of the first month as the Lantern Festival. Sima Qian founded the taichu calendar, which listed the Lantern Festival as a major festival. Since the Sui, Tang and Song Dynasties, it has been in full swing. "Sui Shu Music Record" Day: "Every first month, all nations come to the DPRK and live outside the Duanmen Gate, which lasts for eight miles until the 15th." Tens of thousands of people participated in singing and dancing, from faint to dark. With the changes of society and times, the custom of Lantern Festival has changed greatly, but it is still a traditional folk festival in China. After the Lantern Festival, there is a custom of eating Yuanxiao and watching lanterns. Yuanxiao is round, with glutinous rice flour as the skin and fruit and sugar stuffing inside, which is a symbol of "reunion". Lantern Festival began in the first century A.D. and is still popular all over the world. On the night of the Lantern Festival, many cities will hold the Lantern Festival and display all kinds of lanterns, which are novel and varied. In rural areas, people hold recreational activities, such as setting off fireworks, walking on stilts, playing dragon lanterns, dancing yangko and swinging.
The Zhonghe Festival is on the second day of the second lunar month, commonly known as the Dragon Head Up. At this time, before and after the shock, spring returned to the earth and everything recovered. Insects, snakes and animals that lie dormant in the soil or caves will wake up from hibernation, and the legendary dragon will also wake up from a deep sleep, hence the name "Dragon Head Up". In ancient times, dragons were sacred symbols, so they were used to drive away pests. In the Ming dynasty, smoked insects were very popular. On February 2 nd, people will fry the cakes left over from the New Year's Day sacrifice on the smoke bed and kang, which is called fumigation. In rural areas, people use plant ash to wind around the house and then walk around the water tank of the hospital, which leads to the return of the dragon. Interestingly, this day's diet is also named after dragons. Eating jiaozi is called eating dragon ears, eating spring cakes is called eating dragon Lin, and eating noodles is called eating dragon whiskers. This is probably the name of "Longxu Noodles" now. Children shave their heads and get a haircut on this day, which is called "the head-shaving faucet". On this day, women still don't sew, which is said to avoid hurting longan. There is also a candle shining on the wall of the house, and there is a saying that "February 2, shining on the beams, scorpions and centipedes have nowhere to hide." However, this festival has been forgotten by people now, but there are still customs such as eating spring cakes.
Qingming Festival Sweep ......
The Origin of Nadam Convention and the Origin of the Traditional Project Nadam Convention
"Nadam" is a Mongolian transliteration of Nadam Conference, which means "entertainment and games". "Nadam", as a traditional entertainment and competitive activity of Mongolian herdsmen's Nadam Congress, has distinct national characteristics and strong regional characteristics. Today, Nadam Convention has become a comprehensive annual sports event. The contents of the conference mainly include wrestling, horse racing, archery, saibulu, horse riding, playing Mongolian chess and other traditional ethnic projects. Some places have sports competitions such as track and field, tug-of-war, volleyball and basketball.
Nadam convention is divided into three types: large, medium and small. A large-scale Nadam, with 565,438+02 wrestlers and about 300 good horses, lasts for 7 ~ 65,438+00 days; Medium-sized Nadam, 256 wrestlers, 100 ~ 150 horses, lasting 5 ~ 7 days; Little Nadam consists of 64 wrestlers or 128 horses, lasting for 3-5 days. People of all ethnic groups and religions can sign up for the competition.
Nadam has a long history. Although there is no direct record of "Nadam" in the Mongolian epic Jianger, the embryonic form of "Nadam" can be seen from the description of the western expedition and congratulations in the poem. Nadam occupies an important position in the life of the Mongolian people, and it is produced to meet the needs of the Mongolian people. The Mongolians are known as "the nation on horseback", brave and good at fighting, and advocate martial arts. May to August is the golden season for Mongolians, and the annual Aobao worship, horsehair beating, pony festival and temple fair are all held in this season. Celebrations, parties and grand events are called "Nairi" in Mongolian. For example, the Aobao grand event is called "Aobao Nairi", the Pony Festival is called "Jurag Nairi", and Genghis Khan's reception of soldiers' children is called "Wurisen Nairi". These events all hold corresponding entertainment competitions, that is, "Nadam".
Historically, "Nadam" originally held only some competitions such as archery, horse racing or wrestling. According to the relevant records in the Secret History of Mongolia, this activity was formed at the latest 13 century, shortly after Genghis Khan unified the Mongolian tribe. The inscription of Genghis Khan in A.D. 1225 said that Genghis Khan conquered the flower thorn submodule, and to celebrate the victory, he held a grand celebration and held an archery competition, namely "Nadam". In the following centuries, whenever we celebrated the meritorious military service, offered sacrifices to the general's military flag, got together with the army and the people, got together with the league flag, and paid homage to Aobao, we would hold "Nadam" activities. In the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, archery, horse racing and wrestling were combined into one, forming a fixed form, which was called the "three arts" of men. By the Yuan Dynasty, "Nadam" had been widely developed in Mongolian grassland areas and gradually became a military sports event. In the Qing Dynasty, "Nadam" gradually became an organized and purposeful entertainment activity convened by the government on a regular basis, which was held every six months, one year or three years in units of Sumu (equivalent to township), flags and leagues. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), the title of this national traditional grand event has roughly gone through the process of the national traditional sports meeting-"Nadam" or "Nairi"-the national traditional sports meeting-Nadam Congress.
Nadam convention traditional project
mongolia xiangqi
Mongolian chess is one of the fascinating games in Nadam convention.
During the Qing Dynasty, Mongolian chess began to attract people's attention, and the simple rules and playing methods of Mongolian chess were recorded in the Annals of Three Houses in Koubei.
Tracing back to the source, Mongolian chess has a very long history. In ancient India, it was a kind of chess called Chatulanka, which could be played by four people at the same time. It spread to Arabia in the 7th century and was called "Satra". /kloc-It spread to Europe after the 5th century, and gradually evolved into modern chess, so it can be said that Mongolian chess and national chess are homologous.
In the 1930s after Genghis Khan's Western Expedition, this chess skill spread to the grasslands before Europe. With the extension of the Silk Road in Mongolian grasslands and Persia, it became popular among Mongolians. Its chessboard is a square composed of sixty-four small squares with alternating colors and shades, which is exactly the same as the chessboard of chess. The light one is called white dove, and the dark one is called Haig. There are 32 pieces in total, which are white and black. Each side has a king, a handsome man, two cars, two elephants, two horses and eight soldiers. The difference is that Mongolian chess carves elephants into camels and soldiers into hunting dogs, which adds the atmosphere and characteristics of nomadic life in the grassland. Suiyuan Tongzhi Draft carved Mongolian chess into various models with small wood carvings. Kenoji One in liger. Four camels and four horses. Second round. Treasure basin. Little lion eight tiger eight. * * * Thirty-two dollars. In the game, each side holds sixteen pieces. On one side are Nuoyan, lion, camel, horse, wheel and cub. On one side are Nuoyan, Tiger, Camel, Horse, Aquarius and Tiger. Both sides are painted red and yellow. Draw sixty-four squares with square paper. 32 squares each. Play; Put the chess pieces in the middle of the squares, then put them in eight squares, and put Noyan and the lion in the second. Camels, horses and wheels are placed on the left and right. Each of the first eight squares is equipped with a little lion. The other party's arrangement is the same. There is no certain rule as to who goes first and who goes later. The official only needs to take a step to the right, left or forward. Lions and tigers can walk on all sides by leaning left and right. The camel leans forward. The horse turned a corner. Wheels and pots are like chess carts, which can go back and forth. Lions and tigers take a step forward, and if they reach the other side, they can be tigers and lions. Taking the trapped Dang Yeyan as the final result, the applications are endless. "
In the folk, playing Mongolian chess is still the ancient Persian way, and it is also the most primitive way to play chess. Mongolian chess is called "Satra" in Mongolian. Obviously, this is a transliteration of Arabic "Satra".
Mongolian chess itself is also an exquisite wood carving art.
Mengbulu
At the Nadam Convention, a strange and interesting sport is often welcomed and watched by the audience. That is the game that everyone in Mongolia loves-"Blue".
Blue, Mongolian means great. The "blue" game is a throwing game. Blue is shaped like a dagger, which can be divided into throwing blue far and throwing blue accurately. Throwing far blue is called "Haiya Mule", and shooting right blue is called "Tulaga". There are also those who can cast far and accurately, and those with lead heads or copper hoops on their heads.
Blue is a hunting tool produced in the hunting age. As a weapon for guarding against enemies and hunting, it has been used by Mongolian grassland herders for a long time, and then gradually evolved into a simple entertainment activity. There is still a touching story about Sebulu circulating on the grassland.
Wang has a beautiful princess named Haritu. Hai Ritu likes playing blue games since he was a child, and his superb skills are well-known in Fiona Fang grassland hundreds of miles away. Hai Ritu has reached marriageable age, and Wang Ye said to Nadam Convention: "Hai Ritu, the golden eagle must have a home no matter how high it flies. How can a princess not marry when she grows up? " Haritu said, "Let those boys and girls compare with me." As a result, these sons and brothers are all paid by Hai Ritu. Harriet competed with young herders and finally lost to Bater, a young herder. Hai Ritu is going to marry Bater, and the grassland is full of joy. But on their wedding night, the cruel prince Bai Yinnuoyan ordered the killing of Bater. Later, in memory of Haritu and Bater, grassland herders held Saburo activities at Nadam Congress.
Blue games are very popular in eastern Inner Mongolia. Throwing is similar to a Grenade, which can exercise strength, speed, dexterity and accurate visual ability.
The production of Blue is simple and the venue is relatively simple. As long as there is a rectangular flat ground and three round wooden poles are erected at 30 meters, you can throw.
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