Eight geography review outline

Mid-term review of geography in grade two

Chapter V: Geographical differences in China.

the first paragraph

1. Main types of geographical regions: natural regions, economic regions and administrative regions.

2. According to the different geographical location, natural and human geographical features, China can be divided into four geographical regions, namely, northern region, southern region, northwest region and Qinghai-Tibet region. Among them, the dominant factors that determine the boundary between the northern region and the southern region are temperature and precipitation; Monsoon is the dominant factor that determines the dividing line between the northern region and the northwest region; Terrain is the dominant factor that determines the boundary between Qinghai-Tibet region and other regions.

3. Natural differences between north and south: topography, climate, river flow and vegetation types;

4. Cultural differences between the north and the south: farming system, traditional modes of transportation and traditional houses.

5.

Northern region, southern region

The average temperature in January is below 0 degrees and above 0 degrees.

The annual precipitation is small and large.

The main landforms are plains, plateaus, mountain plains, hills, plateaus and basins.

Vegetation type temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest

The river flow is small and large.

Traditional houses have small roof slope, thick walls, large roof slope and high walls.

The traditional modes of transportation are mainly land transportation and water transportation.

Farming system Farmland is mostly dry land, mainly planting wheat and soybeans, mostly paddy fields, with one to three crops a year, mainly planting rice and rape, with two to three crops a year.

the second part

1. The topography of northwest China is dominated by plateaus and basins.

2. Taklimakan Desert, the largest desert in China; The longest inland river-Tarim River.

3. The main natural feature of northwest China-drought; The main natural characteristics of Qinghai-Tibet region: cold.

4. The cause of Ya Dan landform-the role of wind.

5. The reason of climate drought in northwest China: living inland and far from the ocean; The barrier of mountains to moist airflow.

6. The surface vegetation in northwest China is grassland-desert grassland-desert from east to west. The reason is that there is less and less precipitation from east to west.

7. The Qinghai-Tibet region, with an average elevation of more than 4,000 meters, is known as the "roof of the world".

8. Pastoral grassland type in Inner Mongolia: temperate grassland grassland, livestock species: Sanhe Horse and Sanhe Cattle; Grassland types in pastoral areas of Xinjiang—

Mountain pasture, livestock type: fine wool sheep; Qinghai-Tibet pasture type-alpine pasture, livestock type: yak, Tibetan sheep.

9. The agricultural type in Northwest China is irrigated agriculture, and the agricultural areas include Hetao Plain, Ningxia Plain, Hexi Corridor and the foothills of Tianshan Mountain.

The agricultural type in Qinghai-Tibet region is valley agriculture, and the agricultural areas include southern Tibet valley and Huangshui valley.

10. The reason why the ears of highland barley and wheat in Yarlung Zangbo River valley are full is that the sunshine time is long, which is beneficial to the photosynthesis of crops;

Low temperature and long crop growth period; The large temperature difference between day and night is beneficial to the accumulation of crop nutrients.

Chapter VI Provinces and Regions

the first paragraph

1. Beijing is located on the northern edge of the North China Plain, with its back facing the mountains and the sea.

2. Beijing's function: the national political and cultural center and the international exchange center.

What shows that Beijing is the cultural center of our country? There are many universities, gymnasiums, museums and national performing groups.

4. Topographic features of Beijing: high in the northwest and low in the southeast.

5. Beijing is located at 40 degrees north latitude and 1 16 degrees east longitude. It has a warm temperate continental monsoon climate with long winter and summer and short spring and autumn.

6. Beijing's geographical advantages: ① Latitude advantages-it is located in a warm temperate zone at mid-latitude, with a suitable climate; (2) Land and sea location advantage: the linear distance from the nearest ocean Bohai Sea is only150km; Economic location advantages: Juyongguan in the northwest can enter the Inner Mongolia Plateau, the largest pastoral area in China, the loess plateau and the vast northwest energy base in the west, the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain with rich products in the south, and Shanhaiguan in the east and northeast. Strategic position advantage: Surrounded by mountains on three sides and facing the sea on one side, it is easy to defend but difficult to attack in wartime.

7. As a settlement center, Beijing has a history of more than 3,000 years. It was called Zhu in ancient times. Historically, Jin, Yuan, Ming and Qing established their capitals here successively.

8. The pattern of the old city of Beijing was formed in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The buildings in the city are arranged in a chessboard shape, the palaces are in the center of the city, and the urban pattern is a bare axis shape.

9. The World Heritage List of Beijing includes the Great Wall, the Forbidden City in Ming and Qing Dynasties, Zhoukoudian Peking Man Site, the Summer Palace and the Temple of Heaven.

10. The Forbidden City in Beijing is the imperial palace in Ming and Qing Dynasties, and it is the largest and most well-preserved palace complex in the world.

1 1. Since the founding of New China, Beijing's urban space has expanded around the old city, forming an expressway system consisting of circular roads and radial roads, connecting all parts of the urban area, urban area and suburbs.

the second part

1. Hong Kong and Macao are located on the east and west sides of the Pearl River Estuary, adjacent to Guangdong Province.

2. Hong Kong consists of Hong Kong Island, Kowloon and New Territories and more than 200 surrounding islands.

3. Macau consists of Macau Peninsula, Taipa Island and Coloane Island.

4.65438+ Hongkong returned to China on 1 July 19971day, and Macau returned to China on1February 20, 1999. Our government has formulated the policy of "one country, two systems", and the mainland of China implements the socialist system, while Hongkong and Macao implement the capitalist system.

5. Hong Kong is vast and sparsely populated, and "going to heaven"-building tall buildings and "going to sea" for reclamation have become two important ways for Hong Kong to expand its urban construction land.

6. The tertiary industry in Hong Kong and Macao is developed, and Hong Kong is an international trade center, transportation center, financial center, information service center and tourism center; Gambling tourism is an important pillar industry of Macao's economic development.

7. The economic cooperation between Hong Kong and the mainland of China is complementary and mutually beneficial. Mainland China is rich in natural and labor resources, and Hong Kong is rich in capital, technology, talents and management experience.

8. The Mainland is Hong Kong's largest entrepot trading partner.

the third part

1. Taiwan Province Province includes Taiwan Province Island, and many small islands such as Penghu Islands and Diaoyu Islands nearby.

Taiwan Province Island is the largest island in China. It borders the East China Sea of China in the north, the Pacific Ocean in the east, the South China Sea in the south and Fujian Province across the Taiwan Province Strait in the west.

3. Taiwan Province Province has the following laudatory names: Pearl of the Southeast Sea of the Motherland, Asian Natural Botanical Garden, Dried Rice Warehouse, Sweet Island of the East, Land of Fruits, Sea of Forests and Southeast Salt Flat.

4. Taiwan Province has a tropical and subtropical climate, which is warm and humid. The western plain is fertile and rich in rice, sugarcane, tea and tropical and subtropical fruits.

5. More than 1/2 of Taiwan Province Island is covered by dense forests. Cinnamomum camphora is the most famous tree species in Taiwan Province Province, and its camphor production ranks first in the world.

6. Before the 20th century, the economy of Taiwan Province Province was dominated by agriculture and agricultural products processing industry. Now, Taiwan Province Province has formed an "import-processing-export" economy.

7. Hsinchu Science and Technology Park is known as "Silicon Valley of Taiwan Province Province".

8. The industries in Taiwan Province Province are mainly distributed in the western coastal plain, because it has a long history of development, the terrain is mainly plain, the population is dense and the transportation is convenient.

Section iv

1. Xinjiang is the largest province in China, and it is a multi-ethnic area with Uighurs and Han as the main body.

2. Xinjiang is characterized by "three mountains and two basins": Altai Mountain, Tianshan Mountain, Kunlun Mountain, Junggar Basin and Tarim Basin.

3. Being far away from the ocean and surrounded by tall mountains, the airflow from the ocean is not easy to reach, and the precipitation in Xinjiang is scarce and the climate is dry.

4. In some areas along the river in the piedmont plain and the edge of the basin, some oases are scattered, and their water sources mainly come from tax reduction in mountainous areas and melting water from snow and ice.

5. The population, cities and transportation facilities in Xinjiang are mainly distributed in oases. The reason is: sufficient water resources.

6. Desertification in Xinjiang is most likely to occur at the edge of oasis. People should pay attention to reasonable irrigation, water conservation and vegetation protection in their production and life here.

7. The oasis in Xinjiang has developed irrigated agriculture. The favorable conditions for developing agriculture here are high summer temperature, abundant sunshine and large temperature difference between day and night.

8. The characteristic agricultural products in Xinjiang are cotton, sugar beet and various fruits and vegetables.

9. The reason why Xinjiang melons and fruits are particularly sweet: The large temperature difference between day and night is beneficial to the sugar accumulation of melons and fruits and sugar crops.

10. Ancient water diversion project in Xinjiang-"Karejing".

1 1. The predicted oil and gas reserves in Xinjiang account for 1/3 of the total land reserves in China. The natural gas in Tarim Basin accounts for 22% of the total onshore natural gas in China.

12. The West-to-East Gas Transmission Project starts from Lunnan and ends in Shanghai, passing through 9 provinces (Xinjiang, Gansu, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Henan, Anhui, Jiangsu and Shanghai), crossing 3 rivers (Yellow River, Huaihe River and Yangtze River), crossing the main stream of the Yellow River for 3 times and crossing 5 terrain areas (Tarim Basin, Hexi Corridor and Loess Plateau)

13. the benefits of west-to-east gas transmission to the eastern and western regions: the western region-① large-scale development of local natural gas resources; ② However, a large number of natural gas products are transported to the eastern market; (3) It can rapidly increase local fiscal revenue; ④ It can promote the development of other related industries and increase employment opportunities. East-① It can alleviate the energy shortage in the east; ② Natural gas is a kind of clean energy, which is very beneficial to the environmental improvement in the eastern region.

14. In the development and utilization of resources in the western region, "win-win economic and ecological benefits" will be reflected.

Chapter VII Inland Areas of the Province

1. The favorable factors for the opening of the Pearl River Delta: location, culture and policy.

2. The economic characteristics of the Pearl River Delta are: model economy. The main source of foreign investment in the Pearl River Delta.

The products here are mainly exported to other regions through trade channels.

By the end of the 20th century, the Pearl River Delta has become one of the largest production and export bases in the world.

5. The cooperation between Hong Kong, Macao and the Pearl River Delta region is based on "foundation". The advantages of Hong Kong and the Pearl River Delta.

6. Urbanization is mainly characterized by harmony.

Xishuangbanna is located in the province. It is located at the southernmost tip of the mountain range, bordering with and in the south, and also connected by waterways such as-and-.

8. Xishuangbanna is the best preserved place in China except Xishuangbanna. The representative plants are,,,.

9. Xishuangbanna has, and other national key protected animals. People call this place vividly.

10. Xishuangbanna is a place where ethnic minorities live together, and the multi-ethnic customs with ethnic groups as the main body add infinite charm to Xishuangbanna.

1 1.20 Since the mid-1980s, with the encouragement of the state and Yunnan Province, Xishuangbanna has developed rapidly into an important pillar industry through harmony.

12. The development of tourism has promoted the development of many departments, increased harmony, improved and promoted.

Mapping: 1. Fill in Xinjiang in the right picture.

"Three mountains and two pots"

2. Fill in the notes on the map of Taiwan Province Province:

Pacific Ocean, East China Sea, South China Sea,

Taiwan Province Strait, Fujian Province,

Taiwan Province mountain range, Sun Moon Lake,

Zhuoshuixi, Taipei, Hsinchu,

Kaohsiung, Yushan and so on.