Cultural building holistic design countermeasures research?

1 Cultural Building Complex and Holistic Design

Cultural Building Complex (CulturalComplex) refers to the public **** space through two or more different attributes of cultural functions (such as libraries, museums, art galleries, science and technology museums, opera houses, youth palaces, etc.) comprehensively and intensively organized in the same urban entity, the different functions to fully realize the relationship between the Mutual support and promotion, the formation of complementary and **** born of the relationship between the public **** building, in the architectural form of a giant building or a group of compact, linked building groups. With the intensification of urbanization, urban public **** cultural facilities to giant, integrated and holistic direction, the holistic design of cultural building complex has become an important research topic.

The holistic design of cultural architectural complexes needs to be well integrated into the urban public **** space, to carry out the organic integration of multiple functions and to continue the urban culture, which covers all fields from urban design to architectural design, and it requires comprehensive consideration of the influence of the physical form of the building, transportation, infrastructure, open space and greening system in the process of architectural design, and at the same time respecting the urban culture and historical heritage of the site. At the same time, it respects the urban culture and historical inheritance of the site in which it is located, so as to achieve a harmonious and dynamic interaction between the building and the surrounding environment. The cultural architectural complex should be incorporated under the framework of holistic design, whether it is centralized construction or unified planning and phased construction.

2 Holistic Design Principles of Cultural Building Complexes

2.1 Integration into the Urban Public **** Space The public **** space of cultural building complexes is a branch of the urban space system and an organic part of the urban space system, and it is subject to the constraints of the urban form and site characteristics in terms of the public **** space, semi-public **** space, transportation space, and body type treatment. For example, the Pompidou Center for the Arts, located in the old part of the center of Paris, France.

1), the building body and leisure plaza into the Paris urban texture, in the site of the east side of the centralized building entity, east, south and north of the three sides of the interface continues the city's traditional street spatial scale, the west side of the leisure plaza has become a huge absorber of the city life along the street along the introduction of the four sides of the flow of people naturally converge here, to achieve the city of life and the city of space. "Seamless transition between urban life and urban space. Muping Cultural Center, Yantai City, Shandong Province.

2) In order to echo the scenic belt along Qinshui River in the planning and design of the new city, the east side of the culture and leisure plaza is incorporated into the whole urban waterfront leisure space system to design, the culture and leisure plaza makes the original urban waterfront leisure space continue and become an important node of the urban space system, and at the same time, the urban life is guided, and the flow of people from the east side of the plaza is guided by the ramp that rises up slowly along the ground to the roof, creating a multi-dimensional urban life and a "seamless" transition. The urban public **** space is created in a multi-dimensional way.

2.2 Organic Integration of Multiple FunctionsCultural architectural complex is a collection of multiple functions, and the organic integration of multiple functions means that under the premise of saving land resources, the architectural entity and the external plaza are as compact and centralized as possible. The concentration of the building entity can save equipment resources, and the concentration of the external square is conducive to the development of large-scale public cultural activities. From the perspective of spatial form, the organic integration of multiple functions can be divided into two ways: horizontal integration and vertical integration. Yantai Cultural Center in Shandong Province.

3) of the base for the east-west length of about 400m, the widest north-south 150m long narrow terrain, its functions include museums and grand theaters, Qunyi Hall, Peking Opera House, as well as the Children's Palace, the Book City three major parts of the six functions. In the face of complex site factors and functional components, the design uses the principle of horizontal integration, the building entity is concentrated in the south side of the site and was arranged in a long strip, to maximize the vacant land in the north as the public outdoor activities, the concentration of the northern plaza has become the site of the city's large-scale celebrations for the building body to provide the viewing distance, but also to avoid the juxtaposition of a variety of cultural functions resulting in the site of the cut-off, Plaza scattering of the undesirable phenomenon.

Guangzhou Huadu District Cultural Center covers the three major functions of comprehensive exhibition center, cultural center and youth palace, which is a comprehensive cultural activity place integrating the functions of exhibition, exchange and training. The design utilizes the principle of vertical integration, which means dividing the building entity from the site in the vertical direction. The elevated ground floor of the cultural center is designed as an outdoor cultural activity site for the public, with the main body of the building supported by three circular transportation cores, and the main functions are concentrated on the third and fourth floors of the building, which are like clouds floating in the air, providing shelter and spatial limitation for the cultural plaza on the ground floor.

2.3 Continuity of Urban Culture Cultureism emphasizes the replication and translation of historical and natural elements in the urban environment through the treatment of form, space, decoration and details, in order to seek the continuation of the heritage of architecture and the city in the visual, psychological and environmental aspects. The Walker Art Center in Minnesota is an example of reminiscence of history, continuity of old and new urban space, and exploration of urban memory. The design of the new museum retains the essence of the original museum, through the transparent glass curtain wall, connecting the museum and the bustling urban jungle, the building quietly integrated into the city life, so that the old and new museums are more naturally articulated between the two, reflecting the perfect unity of the old and the new.

The main functions of the Information Art Center in Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan, include a theater, exhibition space, a small movie theater and a municipal library. The architectural shape eliminates the stereotypical impression of a metropolitan cultural building and presents a wavy fa?ade image, and the design takes the undulation of the mountains as the natural veins of the city, and the internal spatial scale of the building is transformed, and the size and height of the three "hills" corresponds to the veins of the mountains, and the mountains not far away from the environment of its base produce a very harmonious sense of aesthetics. The building's three "hills" vary in size and height to correspond to the veins of the mountains, creating an aesthetic sense of harmony with the mountains not far away from the environment of its site, and at the same time adapting to the needs of the interior space.

3 holistic design strategy of cultural architectural complex

3.1 planning and design level: space subtraction - the creation of core public **** space Roger? Transick said in the book "In Search of Lost Space" 4): "The purpose of controlling the relationship between the bottom of the map is to establish different spatial hierarchies and to clarify the spatial structure within the area." Spatial subtraction refers to the use of the law of figure-bottom relationship in the overall spatial layout of the entity minus the void space, the use of the void space organization, stringing the various functional space elements, the void space can be expressed as a sunken plaza, pedestal plaza and courtyard, etc., and these void spaces tend to become the core of the entire cultural architectural complex of the public **** space, the effective intensive organization of the main entrance plaza space. Shonandai Cultural Center in Kanagawa, Japan.

5), containing a variety of functions such as a children's hall, a cultural center, a theater, a gymnasium and a planetarium, Yatsuko Hasegawa buried 70% of the functional space underground, and the above ground portion of the building utilizes space subtraction to obtain a void space - a sunken courtyard in the middle of the site, creatively guiding the flow of people to the interior of the site, creating an outdoor Core public **** space, and then through the sunken courtyard to organize the entrances and exits of the venues, the flow of people in an orderly and not disorderly. Museum, library and culture and art center in Xinyang City, Henan Province.

6) of the base is square, the buildings in the square block layout on the basis of the east side of the excavation to reduce the inner square, became the building group of the centripetal space, the three single buildings are set to the square of the main entrance, while the secondary entrance is set in the street on the outer side, effectively organizing the sequence of the public **** space hierarchy.

3.2 Architectural Design Level: Unified Pedestal or Roof - Shaping the Sense of Architectural Wholeness Unified pedestal or roof is the most common design strategy for the sense of architectural wholeness, which allows fragmented volumes to be regularized under the same constructive language. Lucerne Cultural Center.

7) of the three functional blocks: concert hall, conference center and museum facade were selected different material body - horizontal, fading, grid, to express the functional differences, while the huge roof makes the cultural center appears to be integral, outdoor public **** activity space is defined by this upper boundary, the place has a strong sense of belonging. The outdoor public **** activity space is defined by this upper boundary, with a strong sense of belonging to the place, and the mirrored metal roof reflects the shimmering light of Lake Lucerne, making the building dissolve into the environment.

Guangzhou city of Luogang central city culture and sports center contains a grand theater, library and archives three functions, the overall spatial layout by the traditional Lingnan garden Yuyinshanfang topology morphology, the building body scattered in the site, the design combined with the site topography, the use of three-dimensional pedestal platform will be connected to the three museums series, so that it obtains the image of the whole. Yantai Cultural Center is a comprehensive application of the above two strategies, first of all, a one-storey high pedestal platform connects the functions of each part into a whole, and on top of the platform, it forms three major scattered architectural volumes, which are respectively symbolic of the stone of history, the stone of modernity, and the stone of the future in terms of modeling. The three-dimensional pedestal effectively introduces the human flow into the elevated platform of the building, forming semi-outdoor spaces of different levels and natures; while the overall atmosphere of the roof connecting plate makes the activities under the three-dimensional platform have a sense of spatial belonging, and makes the overall image of the building smooth and dynamic, majestic.

3.3 Detailed Design Level: Unified Form and Detailed Logic Unified Form and Detailed Logic There are two ways of holistic design: one is the monolithic matriarchal design, where each monolithic body is highly consistent, and the combination forms a certain rhythm; and the other is the deduction of each monolithic body on the basis of the same set of logic, which forms a variety of monolithic forms, and it is the topological reconstruction of the same modeling logic. The functions of the Gibao Cultural Center are arranged homogeneously in the site, forming three groups of "villages", Renzo Piano's "village", and the "village", the "village", the "village", the "village" and the "village". Renzo Piano, in accordance with a scale much larger than that of the local hut form, selects native materials and builds each unit with modern technology. Despite the free distribution of the buildings, the unified rhythm of the layout and the composition of the forms make it a strong monolithic whole and have the characteristics of the layout of the local Kanak village, so as to achieve not to seek for a similarity, but to seek for a similarity of the spirit.

Valencia City of Science and Art Museum, Planetarium and Opera House three groups of buildings is not built once, but unified planning, phased construction, due to fewer site constraints, the overall layout of the organic decentralized form, the three museums are freely dispersed on the site, the three buildings are used in the Calatrava's unique biomimetic modeling, despite the architectural shape and shape of the building have a greater difference, but the ribbed structure and can be mutual. Despite the differences in shapes and sizes, the ribbed structures harmonize and echo each other, and the three pavilions are connected by a large area of water.

The cultural building complex is an important part of the city's public **** facilities, which can form a closely linked, open, composite **** enjoyment of space in the urban space, and at the same time, as a carrier of the inheritance of the city's history and culture, it is the key unit of concentration and cohesion of the city's cultural memory and an important node. In the current stage of rapid development of urbanization, we expect and believe that the concept of creating cultural architectural complexes based on holistic design will be more widely used and recognized in practice and theory.

The above countermeasures for the holistic design of cultural buildings are collected and organized by Zhongda Consulting

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