Sheep feeding and management measures

Raising sheep we need to understand the sheep feeding and management measures. The following take a look at I carefully recommended for you to sheep rearing and management methods, I hope to be able to help you.

Sheep feeding and management methods

Sheep equipment

First, food processing machinery Kneading machine: used to process crop straw, so that the straw into 5-8CM long grass. Crusher: used to process corn, make corn into powder. Mixer: used to mix the food, so that the grass and corn material evenly mixed.

Second, sheep pen equipment

Sheep pen floor: made as shown in order to discharge manure. Sheep pen fence: three sides to brick wall, one side to fence around. The gap in the fence can only allow a sheep's head to stick out. Sheep pen cesspool: build a cesspool under the floor.

Third, food adding machinery Conveyor: install a conveyor belt on the side of the fence in the sheep pen

Bucket conveyor, conveyor belt installed at one end of the hopper in order to add material, the other end of the installation of sensors, when the grass reaches the other end of the alarm to stop adding material. Four, manure cleaning machinery Fan: fan installed on the side of the sheep pen, in order to blow the residual feces on the floor of the sheep pen into the cesspool. Manure pumping truck: pump out the manure from the cesspool Manure treatment equipment: can convert manure into methane gas to achieve the purpose of waste utilization.

V. Sheep physiological condition monitoring equipment Sensors: temperature sensors installed above the sheep pen, the data will be transmitted to the computer to monitor the sheep's body temperature to determine whether the sheep are sick. Camera: monitor the activity of the sheep.

Sheep base

Sheep base has experienced thirty years, the location of the livestock center in Jining North Outer Ring and Wenshang junction, relatively speaking, in 2014: Shandong Sheep Base by the core and famous nationwide, the company also represents the animal husbandry in Jining, Shandong, and has made a great contribution to the national supply of good seed. One of the farms was named by the Ministry of Agriculture? State-level key cattle and sheep farms.

A sheep breeding base is a designated site for raising large flocks of sheep. It is usually large and well-equipped, and there are many types of sheep, mainly including small-tailed cold sheep, Boer goats, white goats, black goats, meat goats, and Dupo sheep. China's largest sheep base in Shandong, perennial high quality beef cattle, breeding sheep, meat donkeys and other breeds, to provide visits, most of China's breeding sheep from Shandong. Shandong is the birthplace of China's small-tailed cold sheep, but also the main concentration of sheep breeding base.

Sheep feed

Common forage for small-tailed cold sheep:

①, forage. Including major crop stalks (such as corn, peanut stalks, taro stalks, bean stalks and pods, wheat straw, etc.), grass, hay, leaf feed and silage, semi-dry storage, micro-silage, ammonia, alkalization, fermentation and other methods of modulation of forage; and a variety of natural pastures and man-made grasses edible pasture, are small-tailed chilly goats like to eat the basic roughage.

②, concentrate feed. Mainly corn, beans, rye, barley, oats and so on. ③, processing by-product feed. Mainly such as bran, soybean (oil) cake, rice bran, corn husk, dregs and so on.

④, juicy feed. Including roots, tubers and melons.

⑤, mineral feed. Such as salt, bone meal, stone meal, shell meal, eggshell meal, chalk powder off calcium fluorophosphate and so on.

⑥, additive feed. Mainly includes vitamins, antimicrobials, vitamin additives and so on.

The common forage of Boer goats:

①, green feed: there are many types of green feed, including a variety of weeds, a variety of available branches, leaves, and artificial cultivation of pasture grass, leaves Lei class, aquatic green feed and so on. Green feed for goats basic feed, and more economical. ②, silage: it is a kind of green juicy fodder chopped, compacted, sealed in silage kiln (pool) or plastic bag, after lactic acid fermentation and become feed. Silage is characterized by sweet and sour smell, good palatability, rich nutrition and easy to keep. Sheep farms and professional sheep farmers can use it as an excellent feed for sheep in winter. Barley, green corn and other crop stalks, peanut vine, taro vine and a variety of grass weeds, leaves, etc. can be used as silage raw materials.

③, dry roughage: dry roughage for the goat feeding period or semi-housing period important feed. Including green hay and a variety of crop stalks, husks, vines, etc., which is the most abundant and low-cost feed. In order to fully and reasonably utilize this kind of roughage, it is necessary to adopt scientific and reasonable processing and modulation methods to improve its feeding value.

④, concentrate fodder: concentrate fodder mainly refers to grass crops, leguminous crops fruit and processing by-products. Such as corn, barley, soybeans, bran, cake meal, etc., the digestible nutrients of concentrate feed is high, it is necessary to supplement the feed for meat sheep, especially before slaughtering and winter and spring fattening season should pay more attention to supplement concentrate feed.

⑤, juicy feed: mainly refers to carrots, yams, potatoes, sugar beets and pumpkins and other root tubers and tubers feed, characterized by high water content, low dry matter content, low crude fiber content, high vitamin content, high digestibility, it is a good feed for meat sheep in the winter and spring seasons.

⑥, animal feed: mainly refers to fish, meat and dairy processing by-products and other animal products in general. Commonly used are eggs, fish meal, meat and bone meal, blood meal, feather meal, silkworm pupa, whole milk and skimmed milk. Animal feeds are high protein feeds, generally containing more than 50 % protein. Ruminants seldom use animal protein feed, but in the Boer sheep lactation, breeding ram breeding peak, hybrid sheep fattening stage can be appropriate to supplement animal feed.

⑦, mineral feed: natural feed contains mineral elements, but there are incomplete composition, content and other problems. Therefore, the breeding ewes, rams and lambs in the growth and development stage should be supplemented with some minerals when they are housed and grazed. Calcium-containing mineral feeds include shellac and rock flour. Calcium-containing and phosphorus-containing mineral feeds are mainly bone meal and calcium phosphate.

The scientific feeding management of sheep

1, the organization of the flock

Reasonable organization of the flock, both to save labor, but also to facilitate the management of the flock. Generally, according to different grazing conditions in different areas, according to the sheep gender, age to organize the flock. In pastoral areas and areas with large pasture areas, generally 200-250 breeding ewes and breeding ewes as a flock, 150-200 de-fattened rams as a flock, and 80-100 breeding rams as a flock. Generally, there are no large pastures in the agricultural areas, and sheep grazing mostly utilizes the edge of the land, roadside, woodland and riverbanks, where grazing is restricted to a certain extent, and the flocks should not be too large. Breeding ewes and breeding ewes are 30-50 for a flock, fattening rams are 20-40 for a flock, and breeding rams are about 10 for a flock. The agricultural and pastoral areas and hilly and mountainous areas can depend on the grazing conditions.

2, the four seasons of grazing management

① spring grazing: after a long winter and spring grazing season, sheep fat poor, greedy, easy to green and cause dysentery, or accidentally eat poisonous grass poisoning, or grass bloat (rumen gas). Therefore, the spring grazing a to prevent sheep? Running green? Secondly, we should prevent the sheep? Dropsy? The first one is to prevent the sheep from running away from the green; the second one is to prevent the sheep from dropsy. Sheep stop the head, put full belly oil; sheep do not stop the head, run into thin horse monkey? The saying. Spring grazing to hand tight, the beginning of the old grass slope or feed some hay, and then graze in the green grass slope. Spring grass is tender, high water content, cold in the morning, can not let the sheep eat dewy grass, otherwise easy to cause diarrhea. In spring, when the sheep grazing grass after eating, to every 5 days - 6 days to feed the salt, feed the salt fried until slightly yellow is good, add some ground heat, appetizing feed and the necessary additives. This will aid digestion, increase appetite and supplement nutrition. At the same time, at least once a day, the sheep should be allowed to drink water.

② Summer grazing: the summer climate is characterized by heat, rainstorms, mosquitoes, should do a good job of preventing heat stroke. Grazing should pay attention to early and late, when it is hot at noon, to prevent sheep? Zaosi? , should let the sheep to ventilation, shade rest. If necessary, in the middle of grazing to draw appropriate rest. At the same time, to do a good job of anti-mosquito, insect repellent work. To give more water to the flock, and feed some salt appropriately.

③ Autumn grazing: Autumn sky is high and fresh, pasture grass is abundant, and the grass seed is gradually maturing, it should be ? full of hills and mountains good grazing sheep? The season. Autumn is the sheep catch fat breeding season, grazing, pay attention to the sheep put full, put good, which is not only for winter fattening out of the pen, the safety of the winter and sheep reproduction is also very important.

④ Winter grazing: winter days are getting cold, plants are starting to wither or fall, and there is rain, snow and frost. In grazing, attention should be paid to the cold, keep warm, keep fat, keep lamb. Winter grazing is often in front of and behind the village and the sheep pen around the sheep to eat some leaves, hay, sunny days more sheep movement and sunshine, pregnant ewes should not be over the ditch across the ridge. At the same time, to fix the sheep house, there are? Warm circle three fat? The first thing you need to do is to get your hands dirty.

3, grazing should pay attention to matters

① grazing should be checked before the flock, found that the sick sheep to stay in the circle to observe the treatment, found that the sheep should be recorded in time to record and breeding, and counting the number of sheep, to do the heart of the matter.

② Grazing personnel should be accompanied by a number of emergency drug devices, such as ten drops of water for heatstroke, casing needle can be deflated.

③ out of the pasture, return to the pasture, do not go too fast, grazing road to moderate, do not run long distances.

④ Grazing is strictly prohibited to use stones to throw and hit the sheep, to prevent shocking the flock. The first thing you need to do is to make sure that you don't get caught in the middle of the night.

⑤ Do not let the sheep eat frozen grass, dew grass, moldy grass, do not drink sewage. Prevent overeating and binge drinking.

Sheep fattening

1. Grazing fattening. Applicable to areas with good grazing conditions, not only to make full use of local pasture resources, reduce production costs, improve economic efficiency, but also to speed up the turnover of sheep, reduce the pressure of winter and spring pasture. Grazing and fattening should grasp the best time in summer and autumn when the pasture is lush and has high nutritional value, and fully extend the effective grazing time every day. In the northern conditions of the region, to make use of the pasture as much as possible, early and late, no rest at noon; in the south should take active measures, early grazing and night grazing, when the climate is hot, pay attention to the sheep back to the sheep house or driven to the shade to rest. In the agricultural area, the fall can also make full use of the post-harvest arable land for grazing. Grazing fattening period is generally in August-October, at this time, the pasture began to seed, nutrition is sufficient, easy to digest, can effectively improve the fat, to reach the slaughter standard.

2. Shelter feeding fattening. In order to regulate the market demand for mutton and make full use of various industrial and agricultural by-products for meat goat fattening, modern professional, intensive meat goat farming using standardized house feeding fattening method. The way to fully and reasonably use the agricultural role of straw and agricultural by-products, the fattening process should be timed, fixed quantity, quality, fixed temperature, pay attention to the uniformity of forage and feed reasonably collocation, to ensure that the palatability of the feed, to meet the nutritional needs of the period of intensive fattening and the supply of sufficient clean drinking water. Fattening period is usually 60-90 days, in better feed conditions can gain 10-15kg, short-term effective improvement of ketone weight, improve lamb quality.

3. Mixed fattening. Both shorten the production date, increase the number of pens and meat rate, but also can make full use of forage resources, reduce production costs and improve production efficiency. Mixed fattening has two cases:

1, late autumn and early winter, after the pasture withered, on the grazing fattening at the same time, the use of concentrate supplemental feeding to extend the fattening time, the intensity of fattening, so that it reaches the standard of slaughter, improve the ketone body weight and sheep meat quality.

2, poor pasture quality, grazing alone can not meet the nutritional requirements of rapid fattening, therefore, grazing at the same time to fatten the sheep supplemented with a certain amount of mixed concentrates and high-quality hay, so that the dietary nutrients to meet the standard of fattening sheep feeding.