What is your understanding and evaluation of China's ancient civilization?

China's ancient civilization is a vast inland civilization; with distinctive local characteristics and distinctive multiple origins, multi-region unbalanced development; its development has been uninterrupted, continuous and uninterrupted; and is inclusive, resulting in the richness of the Chinese civilization and the strong vitality .

Chinese civilization has not only benefited East Asia, but also the West, and has had a great influence on other world civilizations, including Europe. The Chinese language, including Confucianism, the legal system, and Chinese Buddhism, dominated the material civilization and spiritual life of East Asia. The material civilization of China, represented by the Four Great Inventions, provided some of the triggering factors for the Renaissance and modernization of Europe. Chinese civilization not only provided the material basis for the modern civilization of the West, but also was the direct source of the modern science and technology of the West. At the ideological level, Chinese ethical, philosophical and political ideals, especially practical reasoning, influenced the European Enlightenment. Chinese officials' examination and selection system also influenced the European and American examination system and civil official system.

? In ancient times, China was at the forefront of science and technology in the world, and was once known as the "land of invention and discovery". Bacon, commenting on the three achievements of ancient Chinese civilization, said: "Printing, gunpowder, and the compass are the three things that have changed the face and state of things in the whole world". In addition to the four great inventions, there are numerous other world's best, such as the Nine Chapters of Arithmetic of the Eastern Han Dynasty, which used the most advanced decimal value system of notation in the world at that time, and which was also the world's most advanced work of applied mathematics at that time.

Then again, Ancient China's record of celestial observations is recognized as the longest and most systematic in the world. Throughout the scientific and technological achievements of ancient China, more emphasis was placed on summarizing practical experience, while theoretical generalizations and abstractions were despised. Therefore, Chinese culture has a tendency to emphasize practical technology and neglect abstract science. This is reflected in the relatively outstanding achievements of traditional Chinese academics such as agronomy, medicine, geography, astronomy and calendar science.

Western Aristotle studied the natural world by way of scientific investigation and created a rigorous system of logical argumentation. At the same time, these scientific and technological achievements are closely related to agriculture and its harmony with nature, developed applied mathematics, astronomical measurements and its system of agronomy are closely related to the agricultural civilization, and the development of Chinese medicine and its study of traditional Chinese medicine is also reflected to a certain extent the harmony between man and nature with the attitude of human beings, and Confucianism's "Heavenly Acts" and "Heaven and man in harmony". The developed Chinese medicine and its study of herbal medicine also reflect to some extent the human attitude of living in harmony with nature, which is in line with the Confucian concept of "the constant behavior of heaven" and "the unity of heaven and man".

Expanded:

China is a multi-ethnic country based on the Huaxia civilization and Chinese culture, with the Han Chinese as the dominant ethnic group, and with the Chinese language and Chinese characters in common use, and the Han Chinese and ethnic minorities collectively referred to as the "Chinese nation".

Chinese people are also known as the children of the Yellow Emperor and the descendants of the Dragon.

China is one of the world's four great civilizations, has a long history, about 5,000 years ago, with the Central Plains as the center of the beginning of the emergence of the settlement organization and the formation of the state, and then through a number of ethnic mingling and dynastic changes until the formation of the multi-ethnic state of the unity of the situation. the beginning of the twentieth century after the Xinhai Revolution, the monarchical system out of the historical arena, and the establishment of the system of government of the **** and in 1949 the Chinese People's *** and the establishment of the country. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the people's congress system of government was established in mainland China.

China has a vast territory and a large number of ethnic groups. During the pre-Qin period, the Huaxia ethnic group flourished in the Central Plains, and during the Han Dynasty the Han ethnic group was formally organized through the intermingling of cultures, thus laying the foundation for the main ethnic group in China. After and through the intermingling of neighboring ethnic groups, gradually formed a unified multi-ethnic state situation, and the population has continued to rise, China's population exceeded 100 million in the Song Dynasty, the population of the Qing Dynasty exceeded 400 million, by 2005 China's population had exceeded 1.3 billion.

Chinese culture has a long history, is profound and colorful, and is the cultural sovereign of the East Asian Cultural Circle, which occupies an important position in the world cultural system. Due to the differences in geographic location and natural conditions of different places, humanities and economic aspects also have their own characteristics. Traditional cultural art forms include poetry, opera, calligraphy, and Chinese painting, while the Spring Festival, Lantern Festival, Qingming Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival, and Chung Yeung Festival are important traditional Chinese festivals.

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