Format of graduate student's opening report

Format of graduate student's opening report

In a blink of an eye, the full university life is coming to an end, and college students have begun to do graduation projects. Before we do the graduation project, the tutor will ask to write the opening report first. Do you know the opening report? The following is the format of the graduate opening report I collected for you. Welcome to learn from it. I hope it helps you.

The format of graduate opening report is 1, and the clear topic often implies the basic conclusion of the paper. Comments on the shortcomings of the existing literature also basically suggest the direction of improvement. The opening report of the paper is to clearly show these implied conclusions and the logical reasoning of the conclusion. Writing steps of thesis opening report: topic selection, topic summary, topic selection and thesis opening report. The basic contents of the thesis opening report mainly include: the significance of the topic selection; The main contents of the study; The main problems to be solved (the main points); Research (work) steps, methods and measures; Outline of graduation thesis (design); Main references. In order to write a good opening report, graduate department of Jiangsu University of Technology has specially issued detailed regulations, which stipulate that the general contents of the opening report include:

Firstly, the paper reports the source, basis and background, research purpose, theoretical significance and practical application value of the topic.

Literature review of thesis opening report. On the basis of reading a specified amount of literature (not less than 50 articles, of which foreign literature accounts for more than 40%), this paper mainly introduces the research status and development trend of this research topic at home and abroad, and introduces the scope, methods and means of consulting literature.

The main research contents of the thesis opening report. Including academic conception, research methods, key technologies, technical route, implementation plan, feasibility analysis, possible difficulties in research, solutions and measures, expected goals, etc.

The opening paper reports the experimental means to be adopted, the required scientific research and experimental conditions, the estimated project workload and required funds, and the research progress plan.

At least 10 references are listed in the main references in the thesis opening report.

The format of postgraduate opening report is 2 1. Papers (including opening report and document translation) are printed on one side of A4 paper, and the page setting: the left margin, the right margin and the bottom margin are all 2.5cm, and the top margin is 2.8 cm. The header and footer are 2 cm. The paper (including the task book) and its attachments shall be bound into one volume in duplicate.

2. The header starts from the text. The top box at the left end of the header is the title of the paper, and the title of the paper uses five characters in Song Dynasty. If it is an opening report or document translation, add "/opening report or/document translation" after the title. Align the right end with the page number and use the fifth Arabic numeral.

3. The text (including the opening report and document translation) is written by Song Zixiao No.4, about 15000 words. All non-Chinese characters are Silla. Word spacing is set to "standard", paragraphs are set to "single line spacing", and all paragraphs are indented by two words. Mathematical formulas are expressed in italics and numbered according to chapters. For example, the third formula in Chapter 2 is (2-3) and is aligned with the right line of the paragraph.

45. Each chapter starts from a new page and consecutively numbers the chapters with Arabic numerals (for example, 1, 1. 1, 1. 1). A chapter is called a first-level title, located in the center of the first line of the page, with a bold font size of two, with a spacing of 0 points before the paragraph and a spacing of 12 points from the text or second-level title immediately after it. The second-level title is Song Ti No.4, which is aligned to the left. The distance before breaking is 12 kg, and the distance after the segment is 0 kg. Three-level titles are bold in small letters, aligned to the left, with a distance of 12 pounds before the paragraph and a distance of 0 pounds after the paragraph.

5. The chart should have a name, the table name is directly above the table, and it is bold with the small number 5. The name of the picture is located directly below the picture, and it is bold with a small five. This chart is numbered by chapter. For example, Table 2.7 is the seventh chart in Chapter 2; Figure 3- 1 is the 1 graph in Chapter 3. Don't spread the chart across pages. All referenced charts should be marked with corresponding brackets [] after the chart name (for example, [1]). The reference number here should be the same as the reference number.

6. The cover and task book are purchased by students at the binding office on the first floor of the school library, and the cover shall not be copied. And bind the paper at the binding place.

7. In addition to the cover, the first page is the task book, which is issued when writing according to the application.

The second page is a Chinese abstract (at least 150 words). The word "abstract" is displayed in bold and centered, with 102 points before the paragraph and 12 points after the paragraph. The content is in Song Dynasty No.5, and the "key words" are written in small five bold, indented by two words, followed by Song Dynasty No.5. Generally, 3-5 phrases are enough, separated by commas, without punctuation at the end. The distance between the keyword and the abstract is 12 points (that is, 12 points before setting the paragraph). Chinese abstracts are numbered in Roman numerals and located at the bottom and middle of the page.

The third page is the abstract (with at least 500 printed characters), "Abstract" (with Times New Roman Bold No.2), the content is Times New Roman No.5, the key words are Times New Roman Bold Small Five, and the following contents are Times New Roman five, which is also 12 pound away from English Abstract. The English abstract is extended to the Chinese abstract page, and the page number is compiled in Roman numerals, which is located at the bottom and center of the page.

The fourth page is the table of contents. The "Table of Contents" is centered, with a bold font size of two, with 0 points before the paragraph and 12 points after the paragraph. The table of contents page is expanded to "summary" page, and the page number is compiled in Roman numerals, which is located at the bottom and center of the page.

The contents are: abstract, abstract, text (the first and second-level titles are required to be listed, with the first-level title in bold type 4 and the second-level title in bold type 4), references, thanks, attachment 1: opening report, and attachment 2: document translation (in Chinese and English). Use small four for page numbers.

Note: Chinese and English abstracts and tables of contents are not text, so don't set headers!

8. References are located on another page after the text, and the page numbers are numbered consecutively with the text. "Reference" is centered, bold type II, with 0 points before the paragraph and 12 points after the paragraph. The main formats of references are as follows:

Books: [serial number] Author's name (separated by commas), book title, version number (first edition not written), publisher's name, publication year, and cited page number.

Tip: Don't put a period at the end!

Example: [1] Hu, Senior Management Accountant, Xiamen University Press, 20xx, p. 5 1.

Periodical: [serial number] Author's name (separated by commas), title, publication name, publication year, volume number: (issue number), starting page number to ending page number.

Special note: all references cited in the paper should be marked in the citation of the text in order. The marking method is located at the full stop of the last sentence of the quotation. The specific operation is to open Format-Font-Superscript in the toolbar. (for example: [1]).

9. The thank-you page is located at the back of the reference, and the page number is continuous with the text. "Thank you" is in the middle, and the small numbers are bold. It is set to 0 before the paragraph and 12 after the paragraph. The content is Song Xiao Si Zi.

10. Attachment 1: Opening Report (including five parts: research background, literature review, technical route, timetable and references, and there is no need to start a new page between each part).

The title of the opening report is centered in bold type II, and the distance before and after each paragraph is 0. The title is: major, (admission ticket number) and name, all in bold number four, in the middle.

Note: the title of the opening report should be the title of the paper, not the opening report!

The opening report is followed by a summary (in Chinese only) and keywords. The "abstract" and "keywords" are in small four in bold, the "abstract" is in small four in song style, and the "keywords" contain 3 to 5 phrases, separated by commas, without punctuation at the end. Neither the abstract nor the keywords need to be indented at the beginning. Then there is the text, and the distance between the text and the keyword is 12.

In the opening report and literature translation, the first-level title does not need to start a new page, and the first-level title is set to 12 points before and after the paragraph, and the other formats are the same as the text.

Note: The page numbers of the opening report and literature translation should be coded continuously according to the page numbers of the text.

A model essay on dance

As an important way of quality education, dance education is not only the main body of art education, but also an important embodiment of educational uniqueness and cultural connotation. Based on the dance education in China, this paper briefly discusses and expounds the expression principle and content setting of dance art in dance education.

Dance education; Dance art performance; Principle; Content setting

About the author: Chen Gu, female, school: Shenyang Conservatory of Music, 20xx -20xx, dance education department studied in Shenyang Conservatory of Music in 20xx, and has been teaching in the applied dance education department of Shenyang Conservatory of Music ever since.

China Library Classification. S73 1.2 Document ID: B ItemNo.:1673-8500 (20xx)12-0073-01.

As one of the important art forms, dance not only vividly depicts the spiritual connotation of human beings, but also embodies the rhythm of life and civilization. Through life refining and processing, while enjoying emotions, we can construct a wonderful dynamic image of truth, goodness and beauty, stimulate people's emotional activities, enrich the spiritual world of the masses, purify people's hearts, cultivate people's sentiments and construct educational effects. As a unique artistic combination of beauty and elegance, dance plays an irreplaceable role in social and cultural development. Dance education can not only enable students to master dance theory, skills and knowledge, but also shape students' bodies and make the exterior more temperament and aesthetic. At the same time, through dance education, we can cultivate young people's appreciation ability, aesthetic taste and artistic temperament, and promote cultural exchange and physical and mental development through dance art performances.

1 the important role of dance education

As one of the earliest art forms in human history, dance originated from labor, accompanied by music, literature and art, and cultivated sentiment while enjoying pleasure. Russian literary theorist Cheves said at the grassroots level, "Excellent works of art can not only guide people to pursue a lofty understanding of life, but also improve their sentiment; Reading their works will make us nobler, kinder and better. "In the same way, when positive and excellent works are displayed in front of students, inner noble quality and kindness will spontaneously arise and be transformed into a way to promote the formation and development of students' good quality, morality and connotation through communication.

Different nationalities have different dance styles, among which folk dance plays an important role. It is the continuous processing and creation of the people under the changes of the times. It has distinctive local characteristics, national style characteristics and characteristics of the times, and is widely circulated among the people. Folk dance mainly comes from people's struggle life and labor, and forms different dance characteristics according to different history, natural conditions, customs and people's lives. Through dance education, we can learn about national dance, music, history and culture, not only the cultural background and folk art, but also the exquisite artistic culture and humanistic spirit of China under the guidance and comments of teachers, so as to stimulate students' patriotic enthusiasm and enhance the quality and sentiment of patriotism, love for the people and love for home.

China dance has a unique humanistic environment, cultural resources and historical track in the world dance. Through the dance education behavior of "sneaking into the night with the wind, moistening things silently", it can not only guide the psychological level and spiritual and cultural growth of teenagers, but also play an important role in establishing correct aesthetics, world outlook and values, adjusting their psychological and emotional changes, building a harmonious socialist society and creating a good atmosphere. Therefore, in practical teaching, dance is not only a simple art teaching, but also an important bridge for cultural inheritance, quality education and aesthetic value. It can cultivate a correct aesthetic view, safeguard the truest, most beautiful and best integrity of human nature, and thus promote the harmonious and free development between man and nature.

2 dance art performance principles

Dance art, as a psychological art performance activity, is not only to convey and reproduce, but also a creative art activity, which requires the performer's wholehearted input. As the expression of "second creation", performance is not only a kind of feeling art, but also a profound accumulation. In dance education, art performance should not only make students feel, know and experience the dance works they face, so as to truly show themselves. Dance art performance is an artistic expression with various forms and meanings. In the process of artistic performance, we must follow the integrity and comprehensiveness of dance performance. In the process of performance, there should be both dance and performance, and performance and dance complement each other. Through the means of dance language, comprehensive music and stage art, the inner feelings of the characters and the theme of the works are expressed, thus vividly depicting the personality characteristics of the characters and the specific meaning of dance, depicting vivid and distinctive artistic forms, giving people unlimited imagination and beauty.

At the same time, the performance of dance art is a double professional skill, which requires both performance and teaching in teaching activities. In the actual teaching activities, dance art performance has distinct particularity, which must follow the principles of: gradual infiltration and coordinated development. Drip infiltration mainly refers to every link of dance art performance, which must penetrate the cultivation and training of dance expressive force to adapt to students' cognition and development of dance art performance and promote the process of dance teaching. The principle of coordinated development mainly means that dance art performance is not only a process for students to master skills, but also a process for students to learn culture and cultivate development. Therefore, in dance education and dance performance, the way of dance performance and the law of students' cognitive development must be coordinated and balanced.

3 dance art performance content settings

In dance teaching, dance education must serve the general goal of quality education. Traditional dance education is a kind of education that completely repeats the experience of predecessors. It has no imagination and creativity, and only needs to understand the meaning and standard movements of dance. Modern dance education not only needs to understand the connotation of dance, but also needs to use modern thinking mode to study and teach under the conditions accepted by modern people. Therefore, in modern dance teaching, not only a lot of knowledge connotation is needed, but also extensive and rich skills are needed.

Gu Xuefu, a predecessor of Russian ballet, once said: "We can complete a prescribed project, but our actors lack the edification of other knowledge levels, so they lack music and literary accomplishment, which leads to the lack of depth and connotation in shaping characters." Therefore, in teaching, we should comprehensively use dance knowledge to cultivate talents with dance art performance skills, so as to give full play to the role of dance education and make dance education face a wider audience. The content of dance art performance mainly includes: the basis of dance art performance, performance skills and aesthetic experience.

2. 1 basic theory of dance art content performance. In order to better organize and implement dance education, the expression of dance art content must organically link theory with practice. For example, the versatile Leonardo da Vinci once said, "A man who is keen on practice but lacks theory is like a sailor without a compass and doesn't know where to sail." Practice is an important foundation of theory, and dance art should fully combine performance foundation with practice theory. As the gateway and guide to strive for theory, perspective must combine practice with theory. On the basis of theory, we should strengthen classroom teaching, organically link the teaching practice of dance art performance with dance appreciation, so as to better organize the teaching process and methods, coordinate and infiltrate the teaching content within disciplines, and do a good job in academic blending and exchange among disciplines.

2.2 Dance art performance skills. Energy-saving skills in dance art performance, as the main way for actors and students to perform, are the comprehensive embodiment of dance language and thoughts and feelings, including face, eyes, limbs and other training. Therefore, in practical teaching, the eyes are the windows of the soul, making eyes, and the meaning of dance should be conveyed and expressed through the eyes. In dance art performance, visual performance skills play an important role. The ancients said, "Eyes are hard, faces are strong, and minds are born", and "All realms must put eyes first" in Ming Qian Xin specifically explained that facial expressions can not be separated from the leading role of eyes. At the same time, in the performance of dance art, facial expression, as an important focus of the aesthetic connection between the image of dance art and action, has the characteristics of "observing its dance, its merits, its color and its appearance". So in the actual dance performance, the face will present the content of spring, summer, autumn and winter. In dance teaching, we must pay attention to the cultivation and grasp of artistic foundation and aesthetic characteristics. In the process of learning, learners should learn to organize and create actions according to specific artistic performances, and express specific feelings through body language.

As an important way of dance teaching art, aesthetic experience is mainly composed of appreciation, comment and creation. Therefore, in the actual dance art performance, we must establish a good aesthetic experience and apply appreciation to the performance.

4 conclusion

As an important part of the whole dance education, dance art performance must be closely linked with dance practice, and the basis of dance should be organically combined with theory, skills and aesthetic feeling, so that trainees can appreciate dance language, improve artistic expression and enhance the effect of artistic performance. With the continuous progress of society, dance art education is also developing. Therefore, in real life, with the progress of civilization, we should constantly strengthen international and domestic exchanges and cooperation, promote the development of dance education and performing arts in China, and thus open up a new situation of dance education with more China characteristics.

refer to

[1] Jing Li. On the artistic expression of dance in dance education [J]. Shandong Literature (second half), 20xx, (9)

[2] Sun Yanze. On the artistic expression of dance in dance education [J]. China Science and Technology Expo, 20xx, (12)

[3] Song Baoping. On dance education [J]. Qinghai Social Sciences, 20xx, (5)

[4] Li Qinghua. On how dance education in colleges and universities plays a role in the inheritance and protection of folk dance art [J]. Literary life and literary theory, 20xx, (10)

Format of Opening Report for Postgraduate Entrance Examination 3 1 Format of Opening Report and Writing Skills of Opening Report

The opening report is an important part of graduation thesis work, which refers to a special written report that expounds, reviews and determines the topic of graduation thesis. It is a forward-looking plan and basis for graduate students to carry out graduation thesis research, an important measure to supervise and ensure the quality of the thesis, and an effective practical activity to cultivate graduate students' scientific research ability and academic writing ability.

China Youth Daily reported that doctoral students were not approved at one time13, while 78 graduate students, 10, were not approved, and only 19 were approved at one time. This is "rare" in the history of postgraduate education in Fudan University and even the whole country. However, according to the author's understanding, if we carefully look at the current work of thesis opening report on degree and postgraduate education, we can say that management departments, tutors and graduate students all have the problem of insufficient understanding to varying degrees-they regard thesis opening report as a form, as a form. In addition to insufficient ideological attention, it is also one of the important reasons that I don't understand the writing method of graduation project opening report. In view of this, the author combines his own management experience to explore the writing and skills of graduation thesis opening report.

1. 1 1 graduation thesis topic selection principles

Graduation thesis topics generally require the following principles:

(1) Pioneering: problems that have not been specially studied or have been studied by predecessors, but have no ideal results and need to be further explored and studied, or there are differences in academic circles that need to be further studied and discussed;

(2) Advanced nature: master's thesis should be innovative and doctoral thesis should have creative achievements;

(3) the necessity of achievement: the topic should have a necessary background and be of practical benefit or academic value to the needs of practice and scientific development;

(4) Possibility of results: The content of the project should be scientific, the difficulty and workload should be appropriate, and the possibility of achieving results within a certain period of time should be fully considered.

The above requirements show that the topic of graduation thesis is not for giving, but for research. Only on the basis of a comprehensive grasp and in-depth analysis of ancient and modern research materials in the research field can we establish a topic that meets the requirements of the above four characteristics, thus laying a solid foundation for completing a high-quality graduation thesis. Whether the topic is selected in combination with the tutor's existing scientific research tasks or independently, "information accumulation" and "finding problems" before the topic selection are all processes that graduate students must go through. Although the tutor has completed the above process, the tutor cannot replace the graduate student, which is a requirement for the independence of graduate study and research.

1.2 2 Contents and writing requirements of the opening report

The contents of the opening report generally include: topic selection, argument basis (the purpose and significance of graduation thesis topic selection, research status at home and abroad), research scheme (research objectives, research contents, research methods, research process, key problems and innovations to be solved), and condition analysis (equipment, cooperative units and division of labor, staffing).

2. 1 Opening Report-Thesis Title

The topic is a high-level summary of the central idea of graduation thesis, which requires:

(1) is accurate and standardized. It is necessary to accurately summarize the research problems, reflect the depth and breadth of the research, reflect the nature of the research, and reflect the basic requirements of experimental research-therapeutic factors, subjects and experimental results. Making sentences with words is scientific and regular.

2 concise. Use as few words as possible, generally no more than 20 Chinese characters.

2.2 Opening report-the basis of graduation design demonstration

In the opening report, we should consider:

(1) The purpose and significance of graduation thesis is to answer why research is needed and explain the value and background of research. Generally speaking, we should first talk about practical needs-the practical significance of research comes from existing problems, and then talk about theoretical and academic value. It should be specific, objective and targeted, pay attention to the basis of data analysis, pay attention to the needs of the development of the times, regions or units, and avoid empty slogans.

② The research status at home and abroad, that is, literature review, should mainly refer to literature, which should be related to the research problem, but not too limited. If it has nothing to do with the problem, it is infinite; Too limited violates the principle of interdisciplinary and infiltration, which narrows the field of vision and stifles thinking. The so-called "synthesis" of review is synthesis, which synthesizes the research survey of a certain subject field in a certain period; "Narration" is not just narration, but comments and comments, that is, the author must have his own unique views. We should pay attention to analysis and research, be good at finding problems, and highlight the position, advantages and breakthrough points of the subject in current research; It is an obvious mistake to abandon prejudice and not quote opinions contrary to your tutor and yourself. The object of review, besides ideas, can also be materials and methods.

In addition, the main references cited in the literature review should be recorded, which can reflect the true basis of the author's argument on the one hand and respect the original author's creative work on the other.

2.3 Opening Report-Graduation Design Research Scheme

In the opening report, we should consider:

(1) Research objectives. Only when the goal is clear and the focus is prominent can we ensure the specific research direction and eliminate the interference of various factors in the research process.

② The content of the study. Determining the specific research content according to the research goal requires the research content to be comprehensive, detailed and thorough, general and vague, and even takes the research purpose and significance as the content, which often makes the research process passive.

③ Research methods. After the topic is established, the most important thing is the method. If we cast pearls before swine and apply methods regardless of the object, mistakes will be inevitable. On the contrary, even if we adopt a new perspective and new methods, we can often draw innovative conclusions.

④ The process of research. The time and sequence of the whole research should be arranged in stages, and the starting and ending time of each stage, the corresponding research content and results should be clear, and there should be no interruption between stages to ensure the continuity of the research process.

⑤ Key problems to be solved. The most important, fundamental and critical difficulties and problems that may be encountered should be accurately and scientifically estimated and judged, and practical solutions and measures should be taken.

6. Be innovative. It is necessary to highlight the key points and highlight the difference between the selected topic and other similar studies.

2.4 Opening Report-Analysis of Graduation Design Conditions

Highlight the advantages of material conditions such as instruments and equipment. Clear cooperation units and division of labor, reasonable division of labor, clear their respective work and responsibilities, and pay attention to the close cooperation of all personnel. Advocate the establishment of tutor group, and the selection of tutor group members should fully consider the actual needs of subject research and be based on the complementarity of knowledge structure.

The above is a brief introduction to the composition of the thesis opening report. In order to write a good opening report, in addition to mastering the necessary writing methods, the author thinks that we must attach great importance to it ideologically, make more efforts at ordinary times, and be good at learning from the advantages of other people's opening reports. (Excerpted from: Journal of Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine 20xx.9, original text: Zhang Hong's Writing Skills and Methods of Postgraduate Opening Reports)

Specification for writing opening report

First, the writing of the opening report should include the following aspects:

1. Summarize the research trends of this topic at home and abroad, and explain the basis and significance of the topic selection;

2, the basic content of the study, the main problems to be solved;

3. Research steps, methods and measures;

4. Research progress;

5. Main references.

Second, the opening report typesetting requirements:

The cover is number four, the text is number four, and the margins are 3cm on the left, 2.5cm on the right, and 2.5cm up and down, with standard word spacing and standard line spacing. All pages are in A4 paper.

Three, the opening report word requirements:

The text shall not be less than 3000 words.

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