Hot sample making

Hot samples are made of paper, straw and wood. The paper used is mostly Yuan Shu paper, hemp paper, Korean paper and Dongchang paper. Most of the wood is red and white pine, which is soft and easy to process. In addition to simple tools such as cluster knives, scissors, writing brushes and wax plates, there are also small soldering irons specially used for ironing, so they are called "ironing samples". The main binder for making hot samples is hydrogel. The roofs of ancient buildings in China are an important part reflecting the architectural features of China. It has many forms, such as Temple of Heaven, Xieshan, Hard Mountain, Hanging Mountain and Yaojian. So the process of making a roof is more complicated than that of making a wall. The method of "helmet making" is often used for hot roofs. Folk women in China use porcelain pots as tire molds. First, paste a layer of water brush paper on the outside of the porcelain pot, and then paste several layers of pasted paper on the top or pile it up with pulp. After thousands of years of drying, a hard-shell paper pot can be removed and painted with color, which becomes an appliance that can hold sundries. This method is called "helmet". Ironing the sample roof is similar. Before production, according to the design requirements of the roof form and size, make tire mold with yellow mud. Brush water with a layer of Korean paper and stick it on the tire mold. Then, two layers of hemp paper (this kind of paper is thicker, which can increase strength) and two layers of Dongchang paper are coated with water glue respectively, and pasted on the Korean paper. After drying, the required roof crust is formed. This is a simple roofing method, and complex roofs can only be formed after splicing and other processing procedures.

There are two ways to do roof ridges. One is to drain powder, that is, to drain the ridges with a powder cone used by painters. Another way is to use "thread incense" to bond. Specifically, wrap the incense roll with a wet towel or cloth first. When the thread is soft, apply water glue. Then stick the incense on the roof one by one. Cover with a layer of Korean paper coated with water glue, and iron it repeatedly between the ridges with a small soldering iron until it is flat. After the roof is formed, it should be painted with colors or patterns.

Columns, purlins, rafters, etc. Hot samples are mostly made of straw and wood, and then painted on them.

The interior decoration of the hot sample is basically the same as that of the wall, so I won't go into details here.

Sometimes there are some indoor furnishings in the ironing sample, such as tables and chairs, beds, boxes and so on. The production process is roughly the same as above, but the workmanship is more elaborate.

Hot sample is the expression of the design intention of ancient architecture in China.

The historicity of the hot sample lies not only in the fact that it is a historical relic left one or two hundred years ago, but also in the fact that it is the most reliable record of the construction situation at that time. By studying thermal samples, we can not only understand the development level of architecture and engineering technology at that time, but also understand the historical features of science and technology, craft production and culture and art at that time.

As for the scientificity of ironing samples, as mentioned earlier, ironing samples, drawings and practices have completed the design of ancient buildings, and each of them has its own division of labor. Hot samples focused on the structure and appearance of buildings, the layout of courtyards and small groups, including colorful paintings, decorations and indoor furnishings, so it was a key step in architectural design at that time. Moreover, because the hot samples are made in proportion according to the design of the building and marked with clear dimensions, they can be used as the main basis for understanding the building situation at that time and can make up for the shortage of official books and physical materials. For example, the building at Di 'anmen has been demolished. Once it needs to be repaired, "Di 'anmen Hot Sample" is the main basis of repair design. So the hot sample is scientific.

China ancient architecture has always been famous for its unique content and form. The artistic beauty of China's ancient buildings is undeniable. Exquisite and ingenious scalding is the embodiment of the artistic achievements of China's ancient architecture, showing the wisdom and skills of the working people. The hot sample itself can also be appreciated as a work of art, which has certain artistic value, so it is artistic.