Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Traditional festivals - What are the names of Jinhua's Wu Opera?
What are the names of Jinhua's Wu Opera?
Gao Qiang can be divided into Houyang, Xiwu, Xi 'an and Songyang. Houyang Gaoqiang is popular in Dongyang and Yiwu. Some people think it may be a derivative of Yiwu Qiang, who is good at performing martial arts. Xiwu Gaoqiang is named after setting up classes in Xiwu Village, North Township of Jinhua. Its singing is more euphemistic, simple and rolling than Xi 'an Gao Qiang, which is related to the elegant tune of Huichi. Xi's Angao accent is popular in Quzhou, and it was called "Xi" in ancient times, hence the name. According to legend, it is closely related to Yiyang cavity, and some people think it may be the legacy of Xiping cavity. Its tone words are many but few, and it has the characteristics of one release. The above three kinds, all of which are sung by one person, helped by others, played by gongs and drums, and tuned at will.
Most high-pitched tunes are characterized by gongs and drums, regardless of strings, one person speaks, everyone is harmonious, and the tone is high and exciting. The high-pitched tunes of Seibu and Songyang are accompanied by bands, which is a unique form of various high-pitched tunes in China. There are many high-pitched tunes, and different plays have their own sets. Use long and short sentences for the first time. Rich repertoire, such as Huaiyin Ji, He Zhuoji, White Rabbit Ji and so on.
Kunqu Opera, commonly known as "Cao Kun" and "Jin Kun", is a branch of Kunqu Opera spread in Jinhua. As a result of long-term mobile performances in rural grass platforms and temple fairs, farmers are the main audience, the language is more popular, and the pursuit of plot twists and turns, singing is not limited to four-tone accent, mainly martial arts dramas, industrial dramas and major dramas. After the Ming Dynasty, it has always been regarded as authentic among all the voices of Wu Opera. In fact, Kunqu Opera is a tributary of Quzhou (now Quxian) and Jinhua, and its language and tunes have been simplified or changed in combination with local customs, so it is called "Cao Kun". At present, its repertoire is rarely performed, and some tunes are absorbed by the sweeping tune, such as "Kun Tou", "Xiao Taohong", "Shui Xin Ling" and "Shang Lu Gen".
Random play, because the "random play classes" specializing in random play mostly come from Pujiang County, it is also called "Pujiang random play". Fan Er, 357 and Lu Hua are the main singing tunes. In addition to Jinhua, Quzhou and Yanzhou (now Jiande, Zhejiang), its popular areas often perform in Changhua and Tonglu. Second, who has the characteristics of singing in Northern Opera? Some people think that it originated from Western Qin Opera, while others think that it originated from Anhui's blowing and four-tone tune. 357 has the characteristics of southern opera singing, which belongs to early blowing. Some people think that its formation is related to Huizhou, Siping and Taiping in southern Anhui. Reed flowers, on the other hand, originated from the genre of blowpipe, which is the legacy of Huizhou Opera.
According to the China Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Opera and Quyi, strumming refers to singing the four tones of "357", "Luhuadiao", "Fan Er" and "Bazi" in Wu drama. "357" and "Luhuadiao" evolved from Anhui "stone tablet cavity", with the flute as the main theme, gorgeous, smooth and stretched, with fewer words and more cavities, and then developed into a "stacked board" with more words and fewer cavities. Fan Er is a tune that evolved from the spread of Shaanxi Opera to the south. In Wu Opera, it developed into four different tunes: ruler, coolie, regular worker and ordinary figure. They have different styles, such as inverted board, original board, flowing water, tight skin, overlapping board, etc., which are gripping and high-pitched. There are also "back plate", "back dragon" and "original plate". According to the nature of tunes, "Fan Er" is generally associated with "357", and "Lu Hua" is associated with "Bazi". There are many plays, such as Lu Trivia, the description of Shirley May and Pearl Shirt.
Anhui opera was introduced from southern Anhui. Since the end of the Qing Dynasty, a large number of Anhui people moved to Jinhua, mostly engaged in business, and Huizhou opera also flowed in with the commercial route. There are more than 30 local Huizhou classes in Jinhua and Quzhou, and only about 19 18 local courses have more than 10. Huizhou Class of Five Dramas has its own style, which is dominated by ancient Huizhou tunes such as plucking, reed flowers and blowing cavity. Singing Xipi and Huanger, his performance is rough, bold, simple and healthy. His plays include The Second Palace, Famen Temple and Qinglong Club. Among them, performance styles such as "burning fire" and "throwing water away" are rare in today's Pihuang dramas.
Beach spring is said to have originated from the beach spring in Suzhou. During the reign of Qianlong and Jiaqing (1936- 1820), Tan Chun, a folk art artist, took a singing class in Jinhua. Some people think that Tanquan was brought in by a flower boat girl who traveled between Quzhou and Lanjiang. First, there was an amateur singing class, and then it was transformed into a drama by Wu Opera artists, which became one of the voices of Wu Opera. There are "Pujiang Beach Spring", "Lanxi Beach Spring" and "Dongyang Beach Spring". Plays include "Monks and nuns", "Broken Bridge" and "Peony Comes to Class". After liberation, the traditional plays "Monks and nuns" and "Broken Bridge" have made new creations in script and performance.
Time tune is the general name of popular folk operas since Ming and Qing Dynasties. There are folk songs of Ming and Qing Dynasties, Nangong, Youtan and local minor. It is evolved from local folk songs, songs and dances, and it is a kind of voice that sings small plays of rural life. Plays include Walking in Guangdong, Selling Cotton Yarn, and Wang Po Scolding Chicken.
The above six vocal cords are not mixed in one play, but each vocal cord has several special plays. At first, Gao Qiang, Kun Qiang and Luantan were independently arranged, and later developed into combined classes with different combinations. This troupe sings both high, Kun and Luan, commonly known as the "Trinity Class". Later, Anhui Opera was introduced to Jinhua, and some three-in-one classes abandoned high-pitched singing and sang Anhui Opera, while others sang Sanqu. After that, it absorbed the tunes of spring and time on the beach. [Edit this paragraph] Overview of Wu Opera The traditional repertoire of Wu Opera is very rich, among which the more influential repertoires are: Golden Seal, Sun Bin, Pang Juan, Three Invited Pears, Broken Bridge, Tears of Stone and Peach Storm.
The performance of Wu drama is exaggerated, vivid, vivid and intense, and it pays attention to martial arts, which is made. The so-called "martial arts are the best, martial arts are the best." In the past, because there were no sleeves on costumes, the performances were mainly fingers and wrists, and the appearance and performance were similar to those of Dunhuang murals, which was unique. And there are many stunts, such as changing face, punching teeth, rolling lights, red boxing, flying forks, playing beads and so on.
The roles are divided into old students, foreigners, vice principals, young students, Dahualian (net), Erhualian (deputy), Xiaohualian (ugly), Sihualian (Jason Wu), Hua Dan, Zuo Dan, Zheng Dan, Lao Dan, Wu Xiaodan, Dan Liang, (the third Hua Dan) and Za (playing immortals, tigers and dogs). Famous actors include Jiang, Xu Dongfu, Zhou Yuexian, Zhou, Xu Xigui, Ye Agou, Ge Suyun and Wu Guangyu.
During the reign of Tongzhi and Guangxu (1862- 1908), there were more than forty classes in Wu Drama Club. After 1935, women's classes (Huizhou class) such as people's livelihood, culture, folk music and small culture were held one after another with Wu Opera actresses. Many excellent actresses are trained with students in the "Trinity Class" and "Random Play Class".
In the early days, Wu Drama Club mainly performed at fairs and temple fairs in the four townships (collectively referred to as rushing to the scene). In the early 1930s, he began to enter the city, taking Jinhua City God Temple and Xihua Temple as performance venues, and then gradually performed in Changle, Beishan, Jincheng, Mass and other theaters. In rural areas, some early amateur clubs were called "prince classes" (mainly composed of "idle classes" in towns and villages). At first, these organizations mainly sat and sang to amuse themselves. Every time they meet a fairy, they beat gongs and drums and swim around the village to sing. Later, they developed into costumes and performed on the stage.
During the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period, Jinhua was once occupied, and a number of outstanding actors such as A Yao, Xiao Xiao and Zhang Shu Nai from Hua Dan died in the war, and the Wu Opera Troupe was even more fragmented and almost collapsed. After the founding of New China, with the support of relevant departments, the Wu Opera Improvement Association (later changed to Jinhua Opera Federation) was established, Zhejiang Wu Opera Experimental Troupe was established in 1953, and several "* * * and classes" were also established in various places. From 65438 to 0955, various troupes jointly enrolled more than 200 students and trained a group of talents. From 65438 to 0956, Zhejiang Wu Opera Troupe was established on the basis of Zhejiang Wu Opera Experimental Troupe, and the traditional art of Wu Opera was systematically excavated, recorded, inherited and reformed. By the early 1980s, there were 12 dance troupes, including 7 Huizhou troupes, 2 Sanhe troupes, 2 Lianghe troupes/kloc-0 troupes, and 2 Luantan troupes.
The state attaches great importance to the protection of intangible cultural heritage. On June 8, 2007, Zhejiang Wu Troupe won the first Cultural Heritage Day Award from the Ministry of Culture. [Edit this paragraph] Related nouns 1, Yiwu cavity
The tunes of China's ancient operas. It was popular in Yiwu, Zhejiang Province during the Wanli period of Qin Long in the Ming Dynasty. Wang Jide's Qulv in Ming Dynasty: Yiyang, Yiwu, Qingyang, Huizhou and Leping have appeared in succession for decades. This is the earliest record about Yiwu cavity. According to Shen Chongsui's Du Qu Zhu, Yiwu tune, Haiyan tune and Yiyang tune were still the most influential opera tunes at that time. Now it has been lost, and its repertoire, music and performing arts are hard to find. According to some old artists of Wu Opera, Yiwu Opera was popular in the Qing Dynasty in Pujiang, Zhejiang Province, and its repertoire, music and performing arts are very close to the Western Wu Opera in the current Wu Opera. However, Mr. Roddy of Zhejiang Art Research Institute thinks that the so-called Yiwu cavity is just the "Yiwu cavity" brought by Yiwu people when they sing in other places. After a long time, all the plays sung by Yiwu people are called "Yiwu cavity". So the so-called Yiwu cavity can hardly be found in Yiwu. Yiwu cavity is not a cavity in terms of its genre.
2. Seibu is strong.
China traditional drama. It was once popular in Xiwu Village, Jinhua, Zhejiang, hence the name. It is said that it was popular in the late Ming Dynasty. Some people think that Xiwu Gaoqiang is a false sound of Yiwu Gaoqiang. I used to sing in Quxian Sanhe class, but now I occasionally sing Wu Opera. In the process of development, Xi and An Gaoqiang once influenced each other. Backstage vocalization and orchestral accompaniment were adopted. Music tunes are rougher and simpler than Xi 'an Gao Qiang. Traditional dramas include Meeting in the Mill and so on.
3.Xi An Gao Qiang
China traditional drama. It was once popular in Quzhou (now Quxian County, Zhejiang Province). Quxian county was called Xi 'an in ancient times, so it is also called Quzhou Xi 'an Gaoqiang. It used to be sung by the local three-in-one class, but now Wu Opera is sung occasionally. It evolved from the spread of Yiyang dialect in Jiangxi to Quzhou. In the process of development, influenced by Kunqu opera and drum-blowing drama, backstage support was adopted, and flute accompaniment and door-crossing were added. The forms and methods of the chorus are free. Except for the roll and part of the introduction, each chorus ends with a word or number. Traditional plays include Huaiyin Tree, Lotus Story and Reed Trivia.
4. Hou Qiang
China traditional drama. Popular in Dongyang, Yiwu, Pujiang and other places in Zhejiang. Original singer dongyang class. Now Wu Opera also sings occasionally. Some people think that Yueyang gaoqiang in Hunan Province was mistakenly called Houyang gaoqiang after it spread to Dongyang. Most of the songs are folk songs with orchestral music, but they are still assisted by musicians. The melody is simple, and the rolling form is rarely used. Traditional dramas include White Ying Ge, Liang Shanbo and Selling Water. There are many similarities between Houyang High Tune and Shaoxing Tune.
5, Songyang high cavity
China traditional drama. Popular in Suichang and Longquan areas of Zhejiang Province (1958 Songyang County of Zhejiang Province merged into Suichang County). Originated in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, it was quite popular in Guangxu period of Qing Dynasty. Commonly used coloratura and high school holiday sounds. There is an orchestral accompaniment, but there are helpers. There are seven kinds of boards: nested board, flat board, tight board, inverted board, stacked board, stacked board and family. The accompanying music cards are from Kunqu Opera, Huizhou Opera and folk percussion music. The language is mainly Songyang Mandarin. Traditional repertoires are rich, and all repertoires such as Biography of the Lady, White Rabbit and Lu Hua can still be performed. Decline before liberation, excavation and rectification after liberation. [Edit this paragraph] stunt 1, snake steps and snakes go.
This is the performance of Bai Niangzi and Xiaoqing in Wu drama "Broken Bridge in Beach Spring". White Snake and Xiaoqing are not human women, but also snakes, so they should have both styles in performance. The performance of Wu drama "Broken Bridge" is almost perfect. The white snake and the green snake walk lightly and delicately, advancing in an S-shape, just like snakes on the water, spreading their wings and flying high, with beautiful dance, which makes people feel a strong mythical color. Xiaoqing chased Xu Xian with high morale. Once she stopped and made a "three beats", that is, she suddenly shook her head three times, like a fierce and agile water snake foraging. After liberation, several generations of actors, including Chen Juandi, He Jinfeng Tea, and Jiang Shuying, Ni Hezhu, He, Fang Xiaorong and Jin Guojuan, acted in Broken Bridge. Their "snake-like" performance maintained the strong characteristics of Wu Opera. In the prequel to The Legend of the White Snake directed by Xu Qinna.
2. Float like a paper man
"Floating like a paper man", also known as "paper man skill", is a kind of light achievement stunt. The character is like hanging in mid-air, bowing straight arms, swinging from side to side, and spinning back and forth like a paper man. The actor's performance method is: stand on tiptoe, use gentle body kung fu, swing, move left and right, and rotate around 360 degrees, all of which should show the shape of paper floating in the air. The main thing is that when the actor stands on tiptoe, his arms droop as much as possible, then he moves his body with small steps and covers his feet with tricks, so as not to let the audience see that you are using tiptoe kung fu.
This feat was performed by those in "Capture alive", a folding play of Wu Opera and Hui Opera. Capture Saburo alive tells the story of Song Jiang's killing and pity in Water Margin. Song Jiang, the undertaker of Yuncheng County, is brave in speaking out and spending money like water. He is called "timely rain" and won the support of villagers and the admiration of heroes in rivers and lakes. Yan Po and Yan Poxi are often in trouble in Yuncheng. Song Jiang pitied her for her hard life and often gave her a little money to make a living. See sung river spend money like water, in the yamen, Yan Po made Yan Poxi to sung river as a concubine. So Song Jiang bought a house in the city to support Yan Poxi.
Song Jiang has a colleague named Zhang Wenyuan, who is handsome and charming. Because he and Song Jiangdu are government officials, and there are some mentoring relationships, so Song Jiang often drinks with them and becomes friends. Song Jiang is very generous. Sometimes he takes Zhang Wenyuan to Yan Poxi for a drink. During the dinner, he ordered Yan Poxi to play the piano and sing. This Yan Poxi looks like a peach blossom. She is very beautiful. Zhang Wenyuan, a philandering hypocrite, felt evil when he saw Yan Poxi's beauty. As it happens, Yan Poxi is also a woman from easy virtue. They hit it off and soon became an adulterer and an adulterer. Zhang Wenyuan often comes to trysts, just keeping it from Sung River. Yan Poxi had a new love, and he became cold to Song Jiang. Song Jiangyuan is not a womanizer, so he didn't come to Yan Poxi to see Yan Poxi's intentional indifference.
When the accident happened, after Chao Gai and others robbed the birth outline, the court sent troops to seize it, but thanks to Song Jiang's informer, he was able to get away and become an outlaw in Liangshan. In return for saving his life, Classical ordered Liu Tang to send 320 gold and a letter. Song Jiang is not a man who loves money. He only received a gold ingot and letters, and I asked Liu Tang to take them back. After seeing Liu Tang off, she was caught by Yan Po and dragged upstairs, asking her to stay for the night. Due to Yan Poxi's negligence, Sung River was bored and left before dawn. Instead, he left the "Wen Chao Bao" with gold and letters in the room. Yan Poxi took the bag and saw that Song Jiang knew Liangshan was a secret place, so he took the opportunity to force Song Jiang to write a certificate of divorce, took out three hundred and twenty pieces of gold, and let her and Zhang Wenyuan live happily for a lifetime.
Song Jiang found "Wen Chao Bao" lost in the room and hurried back to look for it, but the bag had been hidden by Yan Poxi. Yan Poxi made things difficult in every way, which made Sung River very angry. In a rage, he killed Yan Poxi.
After Yan Poxi was killed by Song Jiang, ghosts still wandered there. She wants to stay with Zhang Wenyuan and go to Cao Yin to continue her old relationship. That night, Zhang Wenyuan missed Yan Poxi in the study, and the ghost of Yan Poxi sneaked into the study to tell the past and asked him to go to the underworld. Zhang Wenyuan was terrified out of her wits and tried to avoid it. She's obsessed with Yan Poxi. She's bleeding. Use "paper man skills" when hanging: grab () by the collar, Zhang swings from side to side like a pendulum, spins around like a fly, floats like a paper man, and is as light as smoke. This stunt vividly depicts Zhang Wenyuan's panic and out of her wits. This is a small-scale housekeeping play of Wu Opera, and Feng Heyu is the best performer. The stunt "Gone with the Wind like a Paper Man" has been used in various dramas and has been performed for a long time. But it is rare in Wu dramas. (Author: Jia Xianglong)
3. Lost unique skill-big eyes and small eyes
This is Han Xiangzi's performance in the Wu Opera Hui Opera "Practice in the Fire" ("Xiangzi alone"). Han Xiangzi, the Eight Immortals, went up to the mountain to learn from his teacher and did not return for three years. One day, Xiangzi went down the mountain to see if his wife Lin had changed her mind, turned into an ugly monk and sneaked into the garden. Lin burned incense in the garden and prayed for her husband's early return, so she went forward to tease him with sweet words. Lin told the maid to drive him away, and Xiangzi was relieved and changed back to his original body. She told her wife, "husband and wife will meet and stay for another three years." Say that finish stealth. When Xiangzi dressed up as an ugly monk and teased the forest, his right eye was wide open, and his left eye was too small to see the five beads. This expression will undoubtedly expose the ugly monk's psychological activity of lust. "Wu Bai Ugly" should be played by Yao and Xu Dong Fu. There is no successor to this stunt.
4, the lost stunt-a little water.
This is Wang Ying's stunt performance in Wu Opera and Hui Opera "Exploring Five Yang". When Wang Ying was exploring Wuyang City, he was looking for water, with his right hand on the ground and his whole body straight. He sometimes performs "through flow", and sometimes he leans back. This stunt shows Wang Ying's superb martial arts and mysterious posture during reconnaissance. Now it has been lost.
5. Lost skills-kicking and wearing shoes
This is Xu Xian's performance in Broken Bridge. Fan Shouqi, a famous teacher in Huizhou class of Wu Opera, can kick the flat boots on his feet to the top of his head, then fall from the top of his head to his toes and put them on automatically. Shouqi applied this stunt to Xu Xian. When Xu Xian was chased by Bai Niangniang and Xiaoqing, he ran away. Desperate, he sat down and kicked his shoes on his head. He looked everywhere, but found nothing. Touching around, it was on my head. Then shrug your shoulders and put your shoes on your toes accurately. This stunt of "kicking and wearing shoes" shows Xu Xian's timidity and panic to the extreme. Now it has been lost. [Edit this paragraph] The artistic characteristics of the characters in Wu drama used to be called "thirteen and a half clean towels", that is, four white faces: xiaosheng, laozheng, foreigner and vice; Four painted faces: big painted face (net), second painted face (sub-net), third painted face (ugly) and fourth painted face (martial net); Wudantang: Hua Dan, Zheng Dan, Zuo Dan, Lao Dan, Wu Xiaodan, thirteen lines. Plus "three boxes" (built at the end, also playing fairy, tiger and dog) and miscellaneous feet, that is, "semi-clean towel" Later, three Dan Liang (Hua Dan is called "Dan Liang" in Quzhou, and Zuo Dan is called "",which means the third role of Hua Dan) and Xiao Dan (also known as "Bao Xiaotou" and "Bai Tangdan", who specialize in the roles of maids and maids) were added, with 15 lines of roles. A class club once had 28 members (especially Huizhou class). Head teacher (also called "foreman", actually the boss) 1 person, "undertaker" (that is, "playing ants") 1 person, helping to invite people when organizing classes, mainly responsible for contacting the performance venue after organizing classes, which was cancelled in 1950s), 5 bands, and backstage management boxes (suitcases)/kloc-0.
In the performing arts, because of long-term performance in the square, it shows the characteristics of exaggeration, roughness, fierceness and liveliness. For example, when a military commander comes out, he quickly takes a step back and exposes a high shelf to highlight the characters, which is different from other operas. Another example is that other operas pay attention to roundness in every move and style, and the movements are in a continuous curve, while Wu operas often have straight lines in the circle, and broken lines and straight lines appear in the curve to show the strength of action and emotion. It pays attention to "using words to control martial arts, using words to control martial arts", that is, the so-called "martial arts are leisurely, and the drama collapses." For example, Broken Bridge is a literary drama, but a series of dancers such as Snake Step Dance by Bai Niangzi and Xiaoqing, as well as Xu Xian's hair hanging down, knees flying up, grabbing back, flying to save the tiger and so on, are as important as martial arts dramas. On the contrary, the martial arts drama "Grab the Water Pound" is slow, starting in music and winning by dancing.
The previous Wu dramas had no sleeves, so the wrist and finger skills were very prominent. Dan Jiao's actions such as opening the door, dressing and plastic surgery pay attention to the trembling of fingers; Jing, Sheng and other characters also attach great importance to the movements of the cloud hand, such as wrist rotation, palm rotation and appearance, which are quite close to Nuo dance and Buddha dance. In addition, when the character takes the stage, the elbow (forearm) is flat, the thumb is inclined, and the other four fingers are close together. When you are domineering, you use your body to rotate, and when you raise the whip to urge the horse, the tip of the whip is always upward, similar to the action of puppet show. At the same time, there are also many stunts in Wu's plays, such as colorful somersaults in the fire, dome lights in rolling lanterns, seventy-two cranes with double beams in a big irrigation tank, red fist dancing forks in a meat faucet, juggling beads in monks and nuns, and "hanging flags" in Pound.
In the characterization, some dramas often understand the characters from the perspective of farmers' life, even the emperors and princes. For example, in Jiuxi Palace, Cheng, who was officially named at the age of nine, secretly ate dates when people celebrated his birthday. Another example is Liu Bei in Sanjieyi, but he is a freeloader and glib.
In the past, when performing, the Wu Drama Club had to order a play first: put on colorful headdresses, cover them with powder, and put on red and green men's clothes (pleats). One of them holds the title of the play, and the other holds a pen, and asks the person in charge of the temple fair to play with it. Before the performance, you must make a scene. This is called "making a scene". Generally, you only use percussion instruments to play all kinds of gongs and drums to make it lively, so as to attract the audience. This is called "making a scene". However, there will be a "Flower Head Platform" in the first performance, in which four pieces of music, mainly played by the great suona, the small suona, the flute and the huqin, are sometimes euphemistic and gentle, and sometimes passionate and magnificent ("Flower Head Platform" music has now become an independent folk percussion suite), and the audience can evaluate the level of the band through the "Flower Head Platform". After the singing of "Toutai", it was followed by "Dancing with the Eight Immortals" (including "Folding the Eight Immortals" and "Chasing the Eight Immortals of Peach", all of which were about gathering with immortals in a flat peach to celebrate the queen mother's birthday), followed by "Dancing with the officials" (commonly known as "dancing with white flour" and "God bless the people") and "Dancing with the stars". At the opening ceremony of the first stage, Huizhou class will perform "Hundred Days of Life" (full of beds, playing golden branches), and Luantan class will perform "Nine Tin Palace". Playing these two plays, one is to take a chance; The second is to brighten the outfit; Third, the performance level of the class club can be reflected because of its comprehensive performance in the play and equal emphasis on singing and doing. The person in charge of the temple fair also decides the drama code and performance duration, and the audience chooses which drama to watch accordingly. After the opening performance, the second stage will be "lively". Generally, Qupai is played with a big suona, accompanied by gongs and drums, which are relatively short, so that the actors and the audience can have a rest. Then the drama begins, which is called "the original". After the original work is finished, we have to add a little drama, such as "Dumb Back Crazy", "Scolding Chicken" and "Celebrating the New Year in Wang Xiaoer". It takes more than four or five hours to search a scene from the opening to the later stage.
The famous actors in Wu Opera are Jiang (good at being an old pedant), Xu Dongfu (ugly), Xu Xigui (old pedant), Ye Agou (old pedant), (Dan), Zhou Yuexian (Dan), (pupil), (foreign), Zheng Lanxiang (Dan), Xu Fengxian (Dan) and Wu Guangyu (ugly).
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