What is Xining in Qinghai and what are its customs? Economic situation and climate. The more specific the better.

Xining is the capital of Qinghai Province. Xining is called Ning for short, and it is named after the meaning of "Xiqiao is peaceful". Located in the east of Qinghai Province, on the upper reaches of Huangshui River, the first tributary of the Yellow River, surrounded by mountains and parallel rivers, it is the gateway to the east of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and its geographical position is very important. It was called "Lock of the West Sea" in ancient times. Xining, the capital of Qinghai Province, is the political, economic, scientific, cultural, transportation center and major industrial base of the province. Xining has a long history and culture, unique natural resources and colorful folk customs. It is a bright pearl on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

Xining City is located in the eastern part of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, with an average elevation of 226 1 m and geographical coordinates of north latitude1065,438+0 77' and 36 62'. The terrain is inclined from north to south, high in the northwest and low in the southeast, and long and narrow in the east and west, shaped like a boat. Huangshui and its tributaries, Nanchuan River and Beichuan River, meet in the urban area from the west, south and north, and flow eastward through the urban area. Xining has a semi-arid climate on the mainland plateau. Low air pressure, long sunshine, little rain, large evaporation, strong solar radiation, large temperature difference between day and night, short frost-free period, long freezing period, no severe cold in winter and no heat in summer, making it a natural summer resort.

Xining has jurisdiction over Chengdong District, Chengzhong District (including Chengnan New District), Chengxi District, Chengbei District, Hu Hai New District, national economic development zone and three counties of Datong, Huangzhong and Huangyuan, with a total area of 7,649 square kilometers, including 380 square kilometers of municipal districts. By the date of 20111,the total population of Xining reached 2,208,700, accounting for 39.25% of the province, and the urbanization rate reached 63.7%.

Xining is an ancient plateau city with a long history. It is an integral part of the Yellow River Valley culture in China. According to archaeological discoveries such as Zhujiazhai Site, Nash Site and Xixingyuan Site in Chengbei District, as early as four or five thousand years ago, human beings produced, lived and multiplied in this land. During the Shang, Zhou, Qin and Han Dynasties, Hehuang area was the center of the ancient Qiang people. In the second year of Yuan Shou in the Western Han Dynasty (BC 12 1), General Huo Qubing set up Xiping Pavilion here. Xihai County was established in the 19th year of Jian 'an in the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 2 14). Shanshan County was established in the early Tang Dynasty (AD 6 19) and became a transit point between the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the Central Plains. The Five Dynasties and the Northern Song Dynasty called Qing Tang Cheng, the capital of Tubo, and became the capital of trade and transportation between east and west, which flourished for a while. In the third year of Song Chongning (A.D. 1 104), Song Jun entered Tang Cheng in Qing Dynasty, and was renamed Xining House (the name of Xihe means peace), with Longyou as its capital. In the third year of Yongzheng in Qing dynasty (1725), he moved to Xining prefecture. 19 14 years, cut Xining mansion and set Xining road. 1926, the road was cancelled and changed to Xining administrative region, with Xining as the chief executive. 1946 Xining changed its county into a city and became the capital of Qinghai province. Xining was liberated on September 5, 1949, and remains the provincial capital.

The development of culture and art in Xining has strong national and local characteristics. In terms of the forms of expression of literature and art, there are drama, folk art, song and dance, music, folk songs and so on. Traditional operas mainly include Hu Mei Opera, Fairy Comment Opera, Tibetan Opera, Deng Ying Opera, Henan Opera and Shaanxi Opera. Quyi mainly includes Pingxian, Yuexian, Xiaxian, Daoqing and Xiao Xian. Song and dance music mainly includes the social fire of the Han nationality, Zhao An of the Tu nationality, the banquet dance of the Hui nationality, the wedding dance of the Salar nationality, the pot dance of the Tibetan nationality, and the temple music played by Tibetan Buddhist monasteries during sacrifices, ceremonies and ceremonies. Folk songs mainly include "Hua Er" loved by Han, Hui, Tu and Salar, and "Lai" loved by Tibetans. Among them, 20 10 Xining's Han Folk Minor was selected as the third batch of national intangible cultural heritage list and traditional music project category (No.7). In addition, butter sculptures, pile embroideries and murals in Ta 'er Temple, the holy place of Tibetan Buddhism, are known as "three wonders of art", and the Regong art in Huangnan Prefecture and the peasant paintings in Huangzhong are also well-known at home and abroad.

Xining is a typical immigrant city, where many nationalities gather and many religions coexist. Xining, located at the junction of the Loess Plateau and the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, is an agricultural and animal husbandry area. It is the only central city in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau with a population of over one million, with an immigrant population of 6,543.8+0,000. There are 35 ethnic groups, including Han, Hui, Tibetan, Turkish, Mongolian and Salar, among which the minority population is 573,400, accounting for 25.96% of the total population. Buddhism, Islam, Taoism, Christianity, Catholicism and other religions coexist, among which Tibetan Buddhism and Islam have far-reaching influence. Ta 'er Temple is one of the six largest Tibetan Buddhist temples in China, and Dongguan Mosque is one of the four largest mosques in northwest China. The United struggle of all ethnic groups has endowed Xining with rich humanistic spirit, written a glorious history of development and created brilliant achievements, which has made Xining show the characteristics of inclusive, friendly, open and innovative urban culture.

Xining is the only place where the ancient Silk Road South Road and the Tang-Fan Ancient Road pass. Since ancient times, it has been a major traffic artery and military town in the northwest, and it is known as the "throat of the sea". With the development of the western region and the acceleration of modern transportation construction, a transportation network with Xining as the center radiating the whole province has taken shape. National highways 3 15 and 109 run through the whole territory, and expressway and first-class highways extend in all directions, and railways extend in all directions, with a total track-laying mileage of 1300 km. The completion and opening of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway has made Xining the central hub of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Railway. The annual passenger throughput of Xining Airport is increasing at a rate of 45%, and now it has achieved navigation with major cities in China. 20 1 1 At the beginning of the year, the core construction project and terminal building of Xining Airport Phase II have started construction. 1The "Lan -Xi- La" (Lanzhou-Xining-Lhasa) communication optical cable project opened in June, 1997 is an important channel connecting all parts of the country and dozens of countries in the world in the Qinghai-Tibet region.

Xining regards tourism as the most potential and competitive ecological industry, relying on the unique tourism resources of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, attracting more and more domestic and foreign guests. After the Qinghai-Tibet Railway was opened to traffic, the Qinghai Provincial Party Committee and the provincial government put forward a strategic plan to build Qinghai into a major tourist province. Taking this opportunity, Xining Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government responded positively, constantly explored and developed tourism resources, and actively created a tourism brand of "China Xiadu Tianlu as the starting point and healthy journey", forming a "China Xiadu" tourism circle with Xining as the center for 200 kilometers. More than ten fine tourist routes, such as those around Qinghai Lake, the source of the Yellow River, the ancient Tang-Fan Road, religious pilgrimage, the roof of the world and the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, which have been opened or are being opened, are used to fully display the famous natural and cultural landscapes such as Qinghai Lake, Sun Moon Mountain, Ta 'er Temple and atomic city, and the ethnic customs and cultures rich in the charm of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Xining has been rated as an excellent tourist city in China, a national garden city, a national model city for greening, a national health city, the top ten summer cities in China, the top ten quiet cities in China (social noise), the top ten this beautiful city and national model cities in China and the top ten most desirable tourist destinations in China for many years. At present, Xining is creating a national civilized city and a national environmental protection model city.

Sports in Xining have developed vigorously, and now a pattern of mass sports, national and folk traditional sports and competitive sports has been formed. More and more people do morning exercises, and citizens actively participate in physical exercise; Traditional sports activities such as horse racing, Laba cattle, wrestling and martial arts are vivid; Remarkable achievements were made in competitive sports. Wang Liping, Wang, Sun Yingjie and other famous athletes have trained before the competition in Doba National Plateau Sports Training Base in Huangzhong County, Xining City. The international road cycling race around Qinghai Lake, the extreme challenge of crossing the Yellow River in Qinghai, China, and the World Cup rock climbing race on Qinghai Plateau have greatly improved the popularity of Xining. In particular, the international road cycling race around Qinghai Lake is one of the highest-level and largest international road cycling races in Asia and the highest-level international road cycling race in the world.

As an important industrial base in Qinghai, Xining has unique advantages in resource development and utilization, relying on the province's rich natural resources. Resources such as hydropower, animals and plants, minerals, oil, natural gas and salt lakes have become the main growth points of Qinghai's economy. Up to now, all kinds of minerals 123 have been found in the whole province, among which coal, lithium, mirabilite, gypsum, sodium salt, magnesium salt, iron, copper, strontium and quartzite for metallurgy rank among the top in the country. Green energy such as wind energy, electric energy and solar energy has also been vigorously developed by virtue of its superior geographical environment.

With the holding of major annual events such as Tulip Festival, Youth Fair, Tibetan Carpet Expo, International Road Cycling Race around Qinghai Lake, and Qinghai National Cultural Tourism Festival, the popularity of Xining has been greatly enhanced, attracting more and more domestic and foreign guests to enter the plateau, visit Xining and invest in home ownership.

Guests and friends from all over the world, our distinguished guests, come on, welcome you to the ancient Syracuse and the plateau summer capital, drink a bowl of sweet highland barley wine, and warm your warm hearts!