Ancient colorful traditional architecture culture of Anhui

The traditional architecture of Anhui is an outward manifestation of the culture of Anhui, the architecture of Anhui is not only of high aesthetic value, but also has a strong flavor of Anhui as well as a sense of the thickness of the culture of Anhui. The architecture of Anhui is different from that of other regions due to its geographical location and climate. Most of the buildings in Anhui give people an initial impression of sophistication and beauty. So let's take a look.

Anhui houses are traditional Han residential buildings in Anhui Province, characterized by distinctive features and high aesthetic value. Anhui residential its layout are generally to triple or quadrangle as the basic unit, but the macro world and Beijing courtyard form is different. According to the characteristics of the local climate and topography, the traditional residential buildings in Anhui are mostly two-story buildings of various shapes, some of which are built on the hillside, some of which are unevenly undulating, and some of which are stacked on top of each other in courtyards, which are exquisite and simple, hallow and handsome. But whether the south or north of the Han, its traditional residential **** with the same characteristics are sitting in the north to the south, focusing on internal lighting; wooden beams to bear the weight of the brick, stone, earth retaining walls; to the center of the hall, to carve beams and decorative roofs, gables and gables are long.

In the old days, Huizhou urban and rural dwellings were mostly brick and wooden buildings. Ming Dynasty characterized by spacious upstairs. After the Qing Dynasty, mostly a bright (hall) two dark (left and right bedrooms) of three houses and a bright four dark four houses. A house with many entrances. The main door is decorated with stone and brick carvings of landscape figures. The gate is decorated with stone and brick carvings of figures in landscape. The gatehouse has heavy eaves and flying corners, and all the entrances have open wells, which are ventilated and permeable to light, and the rainwater flows into the gutter through the spout.

Commonly known as "four water to the hall", meaning "wealth does not flow out". There are compartments between each into the wall surrounded by high firewalls (horse head wall), from a distance, as if the ancient castle. Generally, a family line to live in one, the center door is closed, each family lives alone. The center door is open, a gate in and out to pay homage to the ancestors. Huizhou mountainous area climate is humid, people generally use the upstairs as the main habitat of daily life, retaining the native mountain Yue people "nesting" legacy. The upstairs halls are generally more spacious, with halls, bedrooms and compartments, along the patio is also equipped with "beauty leaning".

The outer wall of the room, in addition to the entrance, only a few small windows. The small windows are usually made of terrazzo bricks or black bluestone carved into various forms of leakage windows, embellished with white walls, forming a strong contrast between density and sparsity. On the front facade of the residence, there are brick carvings on the wall such as scrolling grass and ruyi. Entrance door frames are mostly made of lapis lazuli bricks, giving people a sense of tranquility and leisure.

In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the general residence in Huizhou was a mansion, with a triple or quadruple courtyard being the most common. The courtyard is separated by a high wall, forming a small patio. The two sides of the forecourt for the rooms, downstairs bright room for the hall, the left and right room for the bedroom. Generally, the hall is open without a partition. The compartments are narrow and shallow in depth, so the lighting performance is better. The upper floor is mostly "horse building" form, the corridor surrounded by fine carved wooden railings are used to decorate the partition fan.

Study and boudoir are upstairs. In this way, on the one hand, not to be disturbed by the guests, on the other hand, the reader can be tired or lonely and bored with the window to look out, get a kind of solace and enjoyment of the beauty of the soul. Some of the second floor is not hidden in the balustrade carvings in the small window for the boudoir in the Miss peep downstairs in the hall with young guests, easy to choose the ideal groom.

In addition to the outer walls of the burglary, rich people indoor dark room, due to the complexity of the plane, dark room entrance commonly used brick wall surface, wood carvings and other decorative cover, so it is difficult to find. In addition to the dark room, there are mezzanine design, from the downstairs look, thought it was upstairs floor, and upstairs, underfoot is the floor, this mezzanine design, sometimes a family, only one or two people know. Inside put gold and silver jewelry and other valuables.

North-facing residence

If the terrain is not special, the best direction of the house, when choosing to sit in the north to the south, but Huizhou Ming and Qing dynasties built homes, but most of the door to the north. The original ancient Huizhou people living habits have many taboos. The Han Dynasty on the popular "merchant door should not be southward, levy family door should not be northward," the saying. The reason for this, according to the five elements: business is gold, the south is fire, fire is gold, inauspicious; levy is fire, the north is water, water is fire, also inauspicious. Huizhou Ming and Qing dynasties, Huizhou merchants flourished, once they made a fortune, they returned to their hometowns to do house, in order to figure auspicious, the door is not facing the south, are formed towards the north of the residence. To date, Huizhou still retains tens of thousands of ancient homes in the north.

House set of houses

Huizhou residence is very deep, into the door for the forecourt, set up a patio, set up a hall to live in the back of the hall with the door and the back of the hall separated from the hall, the back of the hall to set up a hall and two bedrooms, after the hall is a fire wall, set up a patio against the wall, built on both sides of the box, which is the first into the structure. The second into the structure is still a ridge divided into two halls, before and after the two patios, there is a partition, there are four bedrooms, two rooms. The third into the fourth or more into the future, the structure is so, a set of one into a set, forming a house set of houses.

Heavy Eaves

Huizhou houses are built with double eaves. The formation of the custom of double eaves has a story that is widely spread. According to legend, during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, Shezhou was under the jurisdiction of Li Yu, the later lord of the Southern Tang Dynasty. Zhao Kuangyin launched the Chenqiao mutiny, the establishment of the Song Dynasty, the pro-conquest to Shezhou, just as the Song dynasty arrived at the present Huining County Haiyang outside the city, the sky suddenly changed, the rain will be coming, too, too to a tiled room to avoid disturbing the people, too ordered not to enter the interior, but the eaves of the Huizhou residence is very small, far less than the eave of the Central Plains, coupled with the day of the wind and rain, the people were drenched in a drowning chicken.

The rain cleared up, the residents opened the door to find that the king like this, thought the death penalty, kneeling, but the king did not blame, asked: Shezhou eaves why build so narrow it? The villagers replied that "this is inherited from the ancestors, has always been so." The ancestors then said: "Although the ancestors of the old system can not be changed, but you can repair a roof underneath, in order to facilitate the passers-by to avoid the rain." The villagers heard, even said reasonable, and then immediately do, since then, Huizhou gradually all the homes are repaired on the upper and lower eaves.

Full roof bed

Huizhou traditional bed. Because the top of the bed, the back of the bed and the head of the bed are surrounded by wooden boards, so it is called "full roof bed". In front of the bed hangs a tent, as if the message platform. The bedposts are mostly made of Cephalotaxus wood, because Cephalotaxus flowers and fruits are born in the same tree for several years, taking the colorful title of "Four Generations in the Same House" and "Five Prosperous Generations". The bed board is often used 7, meaning "five men and two women". The front of the bed, the carving is more elaborate, the left and right sides of the general carving for the "phoenix and sunrise", on the teeth of the plate carved as "double dragons playing with pearls". Bed around the railings are generally carved with "phoenix play peony", "squirrels and grapes", "mandarin ducks playing in the water" and other exquisite patterns.

Press painting table

The traditional furnishings of Huizhou residence. Huizhou residential hall in the middle of the wall hanging more in the hall painting, couplets, or with a large red paper written on the "heaven and earth, the king and the parent teacher" five words, are framed into a scroll hanging. In the scroll under the long table, tabletop placed two saddle-shaped feet, scroll down to the table, resting into the feet of the "saddle" within the painting, the painting that is flat and stable, the long table is called "pressure painting table".