The background of Zhu Ziqing's times

1920 After finishing the course, the philosophy department of Peking University graduated ahead of schedule. After graduation, he first worked in Hangzhou No.1 Normal School, and then returned to his alma mater, Jiangsu No.8 Middle School (now Yangzhou Middle School) to teach Chinese and philosophy, and served as the teaching director.

Continue to participate in the New Literature Movement and become an early member of the Literature Research Association. He also participated in the establishment of the first poetry group "China New Poetry Society" and the first poetry magazine "Poetry" monthly, supported the activities of the Lakeside Poetry Society and Chen Guang Literature Society composed of young students, and strived to open up the road of new poetry.

192 1 participated in the literature research society and was one of the important writers during the May 4th Movement.

1922, he came to the sixth normal school in Taizhou, Zhejiang province to teach alone, founded the Moon Poetry with Yu Pingbo and others, and actively participated in the new literature movement. 1August, 925, went to Tsinghua University to teach and began to study China's classical literature. His creation is mainly prose.

1923, Zhu Ziqing published a lyric poem "Destruction" with nearly 300 lines, which showed his serious thinking about life and "stepping on the mud step by step, leaving deep footprints". This enterprising attitude towards life had a great influence at that time.

1924, the collection of poems and essays was published. From 65438 to 0925, Zhu Ziqing was employed as a professor in the Chinese Department of Tsinghua University and began to engage in literary research, but his creation turned to prose.

1927 After the failure of the Great Revolution, social contradictions in China further intensified. The "April 12th" coup brought great impact to Zhu Ziqing's thought, and his thought and creation took a major turn. His works are no longer limited to lyric sketches of daily life, but turn to ugly essays that attack reality.

1928, the first collection of essays "Back" was published. The concentrated works are all personal real experiences and unique feelings, and they are unique with their plain, simple, fresh and beautiful style.

193 1 In August, Zhu Ziqing studied in the UK, studying linguistics and English literature. Then he roamed five European countries; /kloc-0 returned to China in July, 1932, and served as the head of the literature department in China, Tsinghua University, discussing with Wen Yiduo's colleagues.

1On August 20th, 932, Zhu Ziqing returned to his relatives' home in Yangzhou with Chen Zhuyin. Zhu Ziqing and his wife held a wedding in Shanghai. 1932 At the end of August, Zhu Ziqing went to study in Europe.

1934 published European Miscellaneous Notes and London Miscellaneous Notes, which are two travel notes written in impressionist style.

1935 Edited Poems of China New Literature Department and wrote an introduction. The following year, a collection of essays "You and Me" was published, in which "To My Dead Wife" recalled the past events of my dead wife Wu Zhongqian, with sincere feelings and touching feelings. During this period, although the emotion of Zhu Ziqing's prose was slightly worse than that of the previous period, his exquisite conception and sincere attitude remained the same, and the colloquialism of literature was more natural and refined.

After the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, Zhu Ziqing went south to Changsha with Tsinghua and 1938 went to Kunming in March. He used to be the director of China Literature Department of Southwest Associated University, where Peking University, Tsinghua University and Nankai University merged, and was elected as the director of the All-China Anti-Enemy Association of Literary and Art Circles. During the hard years in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, he engaged in teaching and literature research with a serious and rigorous attitude, and once co-authored Chinese Teaching with Ye Shengtao.

1940 In Chengdu, Zhu Ziqing witnessed hungry people looting rice warehouses, and angrily wrote an article "On Eating", sharply accusing the authorities of ignoring people's food and clothing and supporting people's struggle to safeguard their natural human rights.

1945 After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, the Kuomintang government launched a civil war to suppress the democratic movement. Especially in July of 1946, Zhu Ziqing's good friends Li Gongpu and Wen Yiduo were killed one after another, which shocked and saddened him. Therefore, he attended the memorial service for Li and Wen's tragedies held by all walks of life in Chengdu and reported Wen Yiduo's life story.

1946 10 He returned to Peiping from Sichuan, and served as the convener of the "Mr. Wen Yiduo's legacy sorting committee" at 1 10.

From 1946 to 10, after a long and tortuous road, he became a revolutionary and democratic fighter with the education of dark reality and the promotion of patriotic and democratic movement. In the actual struggle against hunger and civil war, he was seriously ill, signed the Declaration of Protesting American Aid Policy to Japan and Refusing to Accept American Flour, and told his family not to buy rationed flour, and always maintained the integrity and sentiment of an upright patriotic intellectual.

1On August 2, 948, Zhu Ziqing died of a serious stomach disease (severe gastric ulcer leading to gastric perforation) at the age of 50.

Extended data

Zhu Ziqing's prose touched countless readers with his sincere and profound feelings, poetic artistic conception, meticulous and ingenious ideas and quiet and meticulous language, and made outstanding contributions to the establishment and development of modern vernacular prose.

When we pay attention to the artistic style of Zhu Ziqing's prose, we might as well shift the research focus to the content of Zhu Ziqing's prose. All forms are content services. If we carefully read the spirit contained in Zhu Ziqing's works, it really shines with the light of humanity and shows the charm of humanity.

China's ancient prose flaunted and carried out the prose view of "writing carries Tao". "Tao" is an ethical and moral concept that promotes feudalism with Confucianism as the core, and "literature carries Tao" emphasizes the exclusive respect for Confucianism and the supremacy of reason. Bound the writer's thoughts, feelings and spiritual individuals with rational constraints.

In summing up the May 4th Cultural Revolution, Zhu Ziqing said: "The New Culture Movement was influenced by the West. In addition to liberating the style of writing and replacing ancient Chinese with vernacular Chinese, what it strives for is the concept of literature, that is, the status of literature.

They want to overthrow "Tao" and make literature independent, so they have dealt a merciless blow to the theory that "literature carries Tao". After "literary independence", the novel prose liberated the author's personality and vividly showed the writer's individual consciousness. During this period, Zhu Ziqing put forward the aesthetic principle of "expressing oneself".

Since then, the writer's own "personality" and "personality" position in literary creation have been established in the history of modern prose. The aesthetic principle of "self-expression" should be a pioneering work of China's modern literature, which is obviously a resistance to traditional cultural concepts and a positive contribution to modern prose aesthetics.

Yang Zhensheng said in "Mr. Zhu Ziqing and Modern Prose": "Modern prose has already torn off false masks, wigs and soap robes, and has been hand-to-hand with all problems and mixed up with daily life. In a word, it is no longer a tool for preachers and reasoners, but just a language number for everyone to express their feelings? . "

He added: "Zhu Ziqing's prose has been done, not only well, but also well, so his prose has been ahead of the literary world since the early days of the New Culture Movement." ⒄ It is said that Mr. Zhu "leads the literary world" because his prose has the aesthetic characteristics of "expressing feelings and aspirations".

As Zhu Ziqing himself said in the preface to the back: "I don't have any fixed opinions, but I wrote what I thought I wanted to write at that time." I intend to express myself and do my best. " The art of prose lies in the light of human heart, human feelings and humanity. With sincerity, there is true feelings; Only true feelings can be true.

In fact, the enduring artistic vitality of Zhu Ziqing's prose lies in his sincere feelings and human implications when he "expresses himself". Both his early lyric essays and his essays in the middle and late period can inject fresh emotions into spring and observe the broad social life at the same time.

It shows an intellectual's strong self-esteem, fraternity, introspection and sense of responsibility. His works are a record of music scores on his heartstrings, and also a display of his pulse with the times. This is of great classical demonstration value for the whole literary creation project today to construct the concept of literary subject and call for the humanistic consciousness of works.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Zhu Ziqing