Manufacturing technology of Hezhe costumes

The production process of fish skin clothing decoration is as follows: peeling and drying fish skin suitable for clothes and shoes, such as thorns, strips, grass roots, maha, huaitou, etc., softening with the hammer (empty warehouse) and hammer bed (hairikan) of cooked fish skin, sewing into large pieces according to the fish skin pattern, and then cutting and sewing according to the size of the clothes. Sewing fish skin ornaments requires fish skin thread, which is made of fat fish skin.

The production process of animal skin clothing is: first cook the animal skin. There are two ways to cook animal skins, one is the cooking of bare skins, and the other is the cooking with skins.

The cooking of smooth leather is as follows: soak the skin in a jar or wooden bucket (six or seven days in winter and three or four days in summer), then scrape it with a wooden scraper, dry it after scraping, soften it with a wooden straw cutter, put it in a jar and soak it in brain pulp, and then wring it with a wringer after soaking. When making clothes, cut the spear with wooden hay, hammer it on the hammer bed until the leather becomes soft, and cut it to make clothes.

Cooking with fur is: mix water with rotten sawdust, spread a layer on the skin, roll it for half a day or one night, then spread the epidermis to scrape off the meat fat, and scrape it off with a wooden shovel or a wooden scraper. In order to make the leather softer, fermented corn flour was used all night, then rubbed by hand and cut into clothes with a big tooth comb. The thread for making animal skin underwear is made of full deer tendon. The buttons of clothes are made of bone, wood or thong.

The fish skin culture and art of Hezhe nationality is formed in the unique fishing and hunting life of Hezhe nationality. From ancient times to the present, it comes down in one continuous line. It is a traditional folk culture passed down from mouth to mouth for thousands of years, a very precious intangible cultural heritage, and a folk art treasure formed in the long years. However, with the changes of Hezhe's production and living conditions, the culture and art of Hezhe's fish skin clothing were once on the verge of extinction, such as the dyeing of fish skin and the production method of fish skin thread, and now no one can do it. The culture and art of Hezhe fish skin clothing urgently need scientific protection, development and innovation.