A disadvantage of the conventional liquid battery is that

At present, pure electric vehicles are mainly equipped with ternary lithium batteries, and some models use lithium iron phosphate batteries, both of which belong to liquid lithium ion batteries. As a liquid lithium-ion battery, it is prone to thermal runaway in the later use process. Due to technical limitations, the cruising range is limited, which is obviously affected by temperature. In order to alleviate this situation, many car companies and battery manufacturers began to accelerate the research of solid-state batteries. So when will solid-state batteries really become popular? Wen Qing thinks there is still a long way to go.

The so-called solid-state battery is a battery using solid electrolyte, which is safer than the liquid battery used now. Due to the use of solid electrolyte, the lithium dendrite phenomenon in the use of liquid batteries is effectively avoided. In addition, compared with liquid batteries, solid-state batteries have a wider working temperature range. According to relevant research, the current solid-state battery can basically guarantee the temperature range of -25℃-60℃. Therefore, it can effectively alleviate the obvious influence of low temperature on liquid batteries in solid batteries.

In addition, solid-state batteries have higher energy density than liquid batteries. As far as the current technology is concerned, the energy density of liquid batteries can be as high as 300Wh/kg, while the energy density provided by the research and development of solid batteries can basically reach 300-400Wh/kg. Higher energy density means longer cruising range for pure electric vehicles, so it also plays a good role in alleviating mileage anxiety.

However, although the advantages of solid-state batteries are obvious, the disadvantages are also obvious. Because it is a solid electrolyte, the interface between the solid electrolyte and the electrode material is solid-solid, so the effective contact between the electrode and the electrolyte is weak, resulting in excessive interface impedance, which affects the charging time. Therefore, the current charging time of solid-state batteries is longer than that of liquid batteries.

In addition, the production cost of solid-state batteries is relatively high. According to the current cost analysis, the power battery of pure electric vehicle accounts for about 30%~40% of the whole vehicle cost. The production cost of solid battery is higher than that of liquid battery, so it will increase the production cost of the whole vehicle and lead to the increase of the terminal price of the vehicle.

Therefore, although the advantages of solid-state batteries are obvious, due to the constraints of long charging time and high production cost, there is still a long way to go before solid-state batteries are popularized.

This article comes from car home, the author of the car manufacturer, and does not represent car home's position.