Characteristics of Ancient Gardens in China

Generally speaking, the characteristics of ancient gardens in China are based on nature and superior to nature. The integration of architectural beauty and natural beauty; Poetic and picturesque; The meaning of artistic conception. These are the four characteristics, or four style characteristics, of the classical gardens in China. As we all know, gardens in China have a long history. In the long process of development, China gardens have evolved from a single architectural form into a synthesis of painting, sculpture, gardens, architecture, poetry and other artistic forms. At the same time, China classical gardens are also influenced by ancient traditional culture, forming their own unique aesthetic thoughts, which embodies the aesthetic value of "advocating nature and learning from nature".

Classical gardens are a wonderful flower in the treasure house of traditional culture in China, and their characteristics clearly reflect China people's outlook on nature and life. Compared with western garden art, classical gardens highlight the Chinese people's yearning and love for nature and beautiful living environment. Among them, Jiangnan Garden is the type that can best represent the artistic achievements of China classical gardens. It embodies the diligence and wisdom of China intellectuals and skilled craftsmen, including religious thoughts such as philosophy, Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, and traditional arts such as landscape poetry and painting. It has attracted countless Chinese and foreign tourists since ancient times.

Gardening techniques commonly used in China classical gardens

Suppress the scenery

China's traditional art has always been implicit, so landscaping will never let people see the best scenery as soon as they enter the door, and the best scenery is often hidden behind. This is called "hiding before revealing", "suppressing before promoting" and "there is no way to recover the mountains and rivers, and there is another village in the dark". Only by restraining the scenery can the garden show its artistic charm. For example, the entrance to the garden is often blocked by rockeries, which is called mountain suppression.

Tianjin

When the scenic spots are far away, or natural mountains, or cultural towers, if there are no other scenic spots in the middle or nearby for transition, it will appear empty and without layers; If there are flowers and trees in the middle and nearby as the transitional scenery, the scenery looks layered and beautiful, and the flowers and trees in the middle are called adding scenery. For example, when people stand under weeping willows on the south bank of Kunming Lake in the Summer Palace in Beijing and watch the scenery of Wanshou Mountain, Wanshou Mountain is vivid because of the upside-down willows as decoration.

Jiajing

When the scenic spots are far away, or natural mountains, or humanistic buildings (such as towers and bridges), they are of great aesthetic value. If the two sides of the line of sight are too big to use, it will appear monotonous; If the two sides are blocked by buildings or trees and flowers, making the scenic spot A more poetic, this landscape construction technique is called landscape clipping. For example, boating on Suzhou River in the back hill of the Summer Palace, the main scene of Suzhou Bridge in the distance is sandwiched between the rolling hills and beautiful forest belts on both sides, which constitutes a beautiful and moving landscape.

Duijing

In the garden, or climb pavilions, terraces, buildings, pavilions and pavilions, you can enjoy churches, mountains and rivers, bridges and trees? Or you can watch pavilions, terraces, buildings, pavilions, pavilions, bridges, corridors and so on. This method (or landscape construction method) of viewing the second viewpoint from the first viewpoint and viewing the second viewpoint from the second viewpoint is called opposite view.

Surrounded landscape

Doors, windows and holes of buildings in gardens, or landscape frames formed by trees and branches often contain distant landscapes or humanistic landscapes, which are called framed landscapes.