Brief introduction of foreign traditional arts and crafts

Arts and Crafts Movement (The Arts & amp； Crafts Movement) is a design improvement movement that originated in Britain in the second half of19th century. It was influenced by art critic john ruskin, architect a·w· Putin and others, and referred to the guild system in the Middle Ages. The exercise time is about 1859 to 19 10 years. Named after the Arts and Crafts Exhibition Society established by 1888.

Its cause is the design improvement movement for decorative arts, furniture, indoor products, architecture, etc. Because the mass production of the industrial revolution has brought down the design level. At that time, mass production and industrialization were in the ascendant, and the arts and crafts movement was intended to resist this trend and rebuild the value of handicrafts. The main members are William Morris, Charles Renee Mackiniosh, C.F.A. Voysey and the Pre-Raphael School. It was introduced to America by Walter Crane and Charles Robert Ashby. The arts and crafts movement was the most important art movement in Britain at the end of 19. And influenced the next development of design history.

Arts and Crafts Movement (The Arts & amp； Crafts Movement) is a design improvement movement that originated in Britain in the second half of19th century. Its name comes from john ruskin's works, and its exercise time is about 1880 to 19 10 years.

Its cause is the design improvement movement for decorative arts, furniture, indoor products, architecture, etc. Because the mass production of the industrial revolution has brought down the design level.

The theoretical guidance of the movement is john ruskin, and the main members of the movement are william morris, Charles Rennie Machinhos, C.F.A Voser and the Pre-Raphael School. By Walter Klein

Arts and crafts sports works

(Walter Crane) and c·r· Ashby (Charles Robert Ashby) spread to America.

The arts and crafts movement was the most important art movement in Britain at the end of 19.

Important works

Robert Clarke, American Arts and Crafts Movement, 1876- 19 16.

Arts and crafts movement: British characteristics that triggered world reputation.

The concept of arts and crafts movement, which began in the British Isles two centuries ago, has continued to this day, insisting on the simplest pursuit of beauty. The famous Victoria and Albert Museum of Art (V&; T) The world's first exhibition covering a panoramic view of the development of world arts and crafts is under way, from the initial prosperity of arts and crafts in Britain in 1880, to the glory that later spread throughout Europe and North America, and then to the end of the "mingei" art innovation movement in Japan in the early 20th century. France's Art Text magazine made a special topic for this purpose, tracing back to the historical picture of the arts and crafts movement and paying tribute to this art movement that strives to maintain the basic aesthetic feeling in the mechanized world.

The arts and crafts movement originated in Britain in the second half of the19th century and was influenced by john ruskin, an art critic, and a.w. Putin, an architect. The time was from 1859 to 19 10, and it was named ArtsandCraftsExhibitionSociety, which was established in 1888. In decorative arts, furniture, indoor products, architecture and other fields. Due to the decline of design level brought by mass production of industrial revolution, we try to change this decline through conscious design improvement movement. At that time, mass production and industrialization were in the ascendant, and the arts and crafts movement was intended to resist this trend, rebuild the value of handicrafts, and demand the creation of "craftsmen among artists" or "artists among craftsmen".

Great Britain-cradle

Britain is ahead in the development of industrial revolution and has a good foundation in graphic printing and design. At the beginning of the arts and crafts movement, there was an important promotion in Britain.

Arts and crafts sports works

The entry factor is the Arts and Crafts Exhibition Society, a continuous series of design exhibitions, which provides an opportunity to learn about excellent design and elegant design products.

Generally speaking, there are two pioneers in the arts and crafts movement, namely, john ruskin, an art critic, and WilliamMorris, an artist and poet (1834- 1896). Morris believes that "beauty is value and function". His famous saying: "Don't put anything in your house that you think is useful but not beautiful." Its meaning naturally refers to the unity of function and beauty. Morris's design includes not only graphic design, but also interior design, textile design and so on. He believes that only the design of the above styles can be "sincere" and the Gothic style of the Middle Ages can be revived. The designers of arts and crafts movement led by Morris have created many layout and composition methods that are widely used by designers in the future, such as combining figures and curved patterns in a crowded way, inserting various geometric figures and separating pictures, and so on.

CharlesRobertAshbee is another dedicated artist. He was deeply attached to the primitive rural life and field creation, and led the employees of art companies and their families to move to the countryside to escape from the newly arrived industrial era, and practiced his concept that the real territory of arts and crafts movement was the countryside. The art company founded by Charles has greatly promoted the spread of arts and crafts movement all over the world. CharlesRennieMackintosh and Glasgow School are also masters of arts and crafts in the British Isles.

Europe-Broadcasting

Since London, the arts and crafts movement has spread rapidly to emerging industrial cities in Europe, such as Vienna, Budapest and Helsinki. Due to the differences of industrial development level, historical tradition inheritance and social composition characteristics in different countries, the arts and crafts movement is rapidly localized. While Norway, Finland and Russia are still tirelessly pursuing scientific and technological innovation and excavating traditional aesthetic factors, Germany is already trying to explore the balance between technology, art and industry. German artists think that their British counterparts are too anti-industrialized, so long as they can find a balance, they will be satisfied. With the support of nobles and dignitaries, German artists established their own community in darmstadt, Daams, where they lived and created together and realized their artistic ideals. The leading figure in Germany is HenryVanDeVelde.

When the arts and crafts movement came to Vienna, the separatist movement was in full swing. Artists from all over Europe often gather in Vienna. This time, the Austrians easily got rid of the influence of their German counterparts. 1903, JosefHoffmann established the WienerWerkstatte Art Museum, which became the center of the arts and crafts movement. At that time, the French representative was armand poynter.

America-looking for

The ideal of arts and crafts movement originated from an Anglo-Saxon ideology and custom, so it soon spread to the United States. Even so, American artists with a new world vision did not hesitate to add social and natural factors to it and formed their own style. For example, the Indian factor has left a deep impression on the works of some American artists. On the one hand, American arts and crafts artists express strong American patriotic enthusiasm in their works and deliberately pursue a self-identity of a new world emerging power; On the other hand, they also actively pursue their own independent personal characteristics. Although they are all considered as Sports Master, an American arts and crafts, they are full of personality. GustavStickley occupied the east coast of the United States, FrankLloydWright and Lawn School firmly controlled the Midwest of the United States, and the west coast of California was dominated by architects CharlesandHenryGreene and henri guerin.

Japan-Innovation of "Folk Art"

From 1926 to 1945, the arts and crafts movement ended in four islands of Japan. On the one hand, Japan's industrialization has begun to take shape, providing a foundation for the ground germination of sports; On the other hand, the Japanese still move closer to the west without hesitation, hoping that their middle class can adapt to the lifestyle of combining East and West. Japan is the first country to add oriental inspiration and color to the arts and crafts movement.

The arts and crafts movement is the first design movement with extensive influence after the world entered the modern industrial society. There are some dialectical comments on its historical achievements. Some people say that arts and crafts artists follow the old road of design back to the handicraft era in the Middle Ages, and cannot fundamentally solve the contradiction between post-industrial design and modern industry. Although its design is beautiful, it is still complicated, and printing and binding are more difficult. People also need language expressions that are more in line with modern technology and people's thoughts and feelings.

Some people think that arts and crafts artists oppose the mechanical production and modeling style of daily necessities in the industrialized era from an aesthetic point of view, and call on people to combine the design and function of daily necessities and practice them. Therefore, it is actually guiding people to pay special attention to the relationship between product design and its function, pointing out the correct design direction, and greatly promoting the development of industrial product design, a new thing.

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Brief introduction of arts and crafts movement (for examination);

Time: 1864- 1896

Reason:/kloc-The industrial production in the second half of the 9th century led to the decline of the design level of furniture, indoor products and buildings.

Main Characters: Theoretical Founder: william morris Founder: john ruskin.

Style: Pursuing natural patterns and Gothic style.

Features: 1. Emphasize handicrafts and oppose mechanized mass production. 2. Anti-Victorian and other classical and traditional revival styles. 3. Promote Gothic style. 4. Pay attention to simplicity and sincerity. 5. Decorate with naturalism, oriental decoration and oriental art features.

Design principles: design popularization and teamwork.

The significance and influence of arts and crafts movement;

Created a new design style.

The opposition to industrialization and the denial of machinery and mass production doomed the arts and crafts movement to be unable to form a mainstream style leading the trend. Emphasize that decoration leads to increased costs and fails to really serve the public. But he represents the feelings of a whole generation of European intellectuals, so the exploration of arts and crafts movement laid the foundation for the later Art Nouveau movement.