What are the parts of CNC machine tools?

CNC machine tools generally refer to CNC machine tools, and its basic components include machining program carrier, CNC device, servo drive device, machine tool main body and other auxiliary devices.

Processing program carrier: When the CNC machine tool works, workers do not need to directly operate the machine tool. In order to control CNC machine tools, machining programs must be compiled.

The machining program of parts includes the relative motion trajectory of cutter and workpiece on the machine tool, process parameters (feed speed, spindle speed, etc.). ) and auxiliary exercise. Parts processing program is stored in a program carrier with a certain format and code, such as punched paper tape, cassette tape, floppy disk, etc. And the program information is input to the CNC unit through the input device of the CNC machine tool.

Machine tool body:

Machine tool host is the main body of CNC machine tools. It comprises a lathe bed, a base, an upright post, a cross beam, a sliding seat, a workbench, a spindle box, a feeding mechanism, a tool rest and an automatic tool changing device. It is a mechanical part that automatically completes all kinds of cutting processing on CNC machine tools. Compared with traditional machine tools, the main body of CNC machine tools has the following structural characteristics:

1) adopts a new machine tool structure with high rigidity, high earthquake resistance and small thermal deformation. Usually, methods such as improving the static stiffness of structural system, increasing damping and adjusting the mass and natural frequency of structural parts are used to improve the stiffness and seismic capacity of machine tool body, so that the machine tool body can meet the needs of continuous automatic cutting of CNC machine tools.

The influence of thermal deformation on the main engine can be reduced by improving the structural layout of machine tools, reducing heating, controlling temperature rise and adopting thermal displacement compensation.

2) The wide application of high-performance spindle servo drive and feed servo drive device shortens the transmission chain of CNC machine tools and simplifies the structure of mechanical transmission system of machine tools.

3) Adopt transmission devices and moving parts with high transmission efficiency, high precision and no clearance, such as ball screw nut pair, plastic sliding guide rail, linear rolling guide rail and hydrostatic guide rail.