The planting of oilseed rape seeds, all need to know what technical essentials?

China is the world's largest oilseed rape producer, especially in the Yangtze River Basin, its oilseed rape production area accounted for more than 80% of the national oilseed rape area, accounting for the world's 1/4, the winter agricultural production of oilseed rape is the first choice and one of the main crops.

Reasonable fertilization

①Supply sufficient bottom fertilizer. Before sowing every 667m2 with rape special compound fertilizer 50kg, boron fertilizer 1kg for base fertilizer.

②See the seedling fertilizer. The three-leaf period to apply a seedling fertilizer, rapeseed flush per 667m2 urea 2 ~ 3kg. 5 ~ 6 leaf period per 667m2 and then urea 7 ~ 8kg. pre-winter rapeseed reached 8 ~ 12 leaves, in order to ensure the safety of the overwintering, the steady application of tomb fertilizer, winter application of the spring, the time to master the winter solstice before it is appropriate. Weed control. Rape 3~4 leaf period with 12.5% cover grass can 50ml to water 30kg spraying weed control. Increase the application of boron fertilizer. In order to prevent the phenomenon of "flower but not real", in the rape tomb period must be applied once more boron fertilizer. Use 100~150g of boron fertilizer per 667m2 to spray 60~70kg of water. Prevention and control of diseases and insects. Rape seedling period should pay attention to the prevention and control of aphids, cabbage greenfly; in the middle and late ditch drainage, with carbendazim or wellbutrin to prevent and control botrytis, downy mildew and so on. Harvest in time. Oilseed rape in 2/3 of the angle fruit becomes yellow, the main inflorescence base angle fruit seeds become black, can be harvested.

Oilseed rape can be eaten as a vegetable and is also the main oil crop in our country. At present, there are mainly seedlings transplanted, direct seeding and mulching three planting methods, three planting methods have their own advantages and disadvantages, according to their own planting conditions and natural conditions, you can choose a different way to plant.

I. Direct seeding rape

Direct seeding technology is a more traditional planting technology, once replaced by seedling transplanting technology, and then after continuous improvement of technology, is also a more common planting technology when planting rapeseed.

1, suitable for direct seeding area

Usually, as long as the two seasons before and after the crop connection of the contradiction is not too strong, or the soil viscosity is too strong, the temperature is high in arid areas, the transplanted seedlings difficult to survive, it is recommended to use direct seeding cultivation.

Can be very high use of machinery for sowing areas, through the direct seeding of rape, due to the main root can go deep into the soil layer to absorb fertilizer and nutrients, drought, cold and resistance to collapse ability is strong, is also suitable for the use of direct seeding cultivation.

2. Advantages, disadvantages and precautions of direct seeding

Direct seeding of rapeseed is generally later, so compared with the seedling transplanting technology can be very high to miss the high incidence of viral diseases and botrytis; however, the number of plantings sown in direct seeding cultivation is larger, and it is easy to appear poorer quality of the high foot seedlings in the seedling period, so it should be increased in the management of this period.

Often, delaying the sowing period, fixing the period between, strengthening the fertilizer management, timely weeding helps to cultivate better seedlings.

II, seedling transplantation

The biggest difference between seedling transplantation and direct seeding technology is that seedling transplantation is to cultivate seedlings in the seedbed, and then transplant to the field after the seedlings are formed, which increases the workload, but the management of the seedling period is refined, and it's easy to cultivate higher-quality seedlings and improve the yield.

1. Advantages

Because the seedling transplanting is to cultivate seedlings in the seedbed, it can sow and cultivate seedlings in advance, and solve the contradiction between harvesting and sowing periods of the next two crops. The seedbed facilitates fine management, so it is possible to cultivate seedlings of high quality, such as uniform growth, no pests and diseases, no tall seedlings, and a more developed root system.

2, seedbed preparation

Select the land level, fertile texture, the back of the field to the sun, drainage and irrigation for the seedbed, dry land, dry stubble land, half sand and half dipping land for the seedbed is good, the seedbed should be left enough to facilitate the cultivation of strong seedlings.

The proportion of seedbed and field is generally 1:4.5, rape seeds are small, seedbed should be flat, fine, solid, that is, the compartment surface is flat, the soil layer is fine and properly tightened to ensure that the seeds fall evenly, the depth of the same, early and fast.

Three, mulch rape mulch rape cultivation technology

Mulch rape cultivation technology, mainly to solve the problem of high yield and high quality rape seed can be planted in high mountain areas, and research and development of new sowing technology, with increased temperature and early hair, safe overwintering, extinction of grass and fertilizer, drought and water saving, early maturity and high yield and other notable roles.

Overall rapeseed cultivation is mainly based on direct seeding and seedling transplantation technology, mulch rapeseed mulch rapeseed cultivation technology is an innovative technology, is not very common, high-yield cultivation is suitable for the choice of seedling transplantation technology, a little bit of rough management is to choose the direct seeding method of sowing.