How do you test tempered glass? There is a relatively simple method?

To be honest, the specific testing method of tempered glass project is quite a lot, the overall write-up is quite a lot, paste a "tempered glass" quality standards to you, there are detailed testing methods.

Standard name: Safety glass in building Part 2: Tempered glass

English name: Safety glazing materials in building Part2: Tempered glass

People's Republic of China **** and the State General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine 2005-08-30 issue 2006-03-01 Implementation

Standard No.: GB15763.2-2005

Preface

GB 15763 "Safety Glass in Building" is currently divided into two parts:

--Part 1: Fire-resistant glass;

--Part II: Tempered Glass.

This part is Part 2 of GB 15763.

5.5, 5.6, 5.7 of this part are mandatory, and the other provisions are recommended.

This part replaces GB/T 9963-1998 "Tempered Glass" and GB 17841-1999 "Tempered Glass and Semi-Tempered Glass for Curtain Walls" in the relevant provisions of the tempered glass for curtain walls.

The main changes in this part compared with GB/T 9963-1998 are as follows:

--This part is a mandatory standard, and GB/T 9963-1998 is a recommendable standard;

--Modified the method and requirements of fragmentation test. Modified the methods and requirements of fragmentation test;

- The rules on cited documents are revised to distinguish between dated and undated cited documents (2 of GB/T 9963-1998, 2 of this part);

- The rules on cited documents are revised to distinguish between dated and undated cited documents (2 of GB/T 9963-1998, 2 of this part);

- The rules on cited documents are amended to The classification of tempered glass by vertical method and tempered glass by horizontal method has been added (3 of this part);

- The requirements for surface stress and thermal impact resistance of tempered glass for curtain walls in GB 17841-1999 have been incorporated, and the requirements for surface stress have been modified (5.5 of GB 17841-1999, 5.5 of GB/T 9963-1998). 5.4.1, 5.4.3, 6.4, 6.6 of GB 17841-1999; 5.8, 5.11, 6.8, 6.9 of this part);

--Increased the size requirements for the round hole of the glass (5.1.5 of this part);

--Modified the requirements for appearance quality;

--Deleted the methods and requirements for transmittance ratio and wind pressure resistance;

--Modified the sampling rules;

--Added the description of tempered glass stress spot and self-blast phenomenon (Appendix A of this part).

Appendix A of this part is an informative appendix.

This part is proposed by the National Building Glass and Industrial Glass Association.

This part is under the purview of the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Glass in Building.

This part is drafted by: Glass Research Institute of China Building Materials Research Institute, Qinhuangdao Glass Industry Design and Research Institute, and Research Center for Technical Supervision of Building Materials Industry.

Participants in the drafting of this part: Shenzhen CSG Engineering Glass Co.

Main drafters of this part: Yang Jianjun, Qiu Guohong, Han Song, Mo Jiao, Gong Shuyi, Wang Rui, Liu Zhifu, Li Jinping, Zhu Mei, Ai Fazhi, Wu Dehua, Zhuang Dajian, Xia Weiwen.

This part replaces the successive releases of the standard: JC 293-82 "Flat Tempered Glass", GB 9963-88 "Tempered Glass", GB/T 9963-1998 "Tempered Glass"; GB 17841-1999 "Tempered Glass for Curtain Walls and Semi-Tempered Glass" in the relevant part of the curtain wall with tempered glass.

Safety glazing materials in building Part 2: Tempered glass

Safety glazing materials in building Part 2: Tempered glass

1 Scope

This part of GB15763 specifies the tempered glass for building made by heat treatment process. Classification, technical requirements, test methods and inspection rules.

GB15763 of this part applies to the heat treatment process made of tempered glass for construction. For buildings other than with (such as industrial equipment, furniture, etc.) tempered glass, if there is no corresponding product standards, according to its product characteristics, refer to the use of this standard.

2 2 Normative references

The provisions of the following documents become the provisions of this part by reference. All subsequent change orders (excluding errata) or revisions of dated references do not apply to this standard; however, parties reaching agreement under this part are encouraged to investigate whether the latest versions of these documents may be used. Where undated references, the latest version of the document applies to this part.

GB 9962-1999 Laminated glass

GB 11614 Float glass

GB/T 18144 Stress test methods for glass

3 Definitions and classifications

3.1 Definitions

Tempered glass: glass that has been subjected to a heat treatment process. It is characterized by the formation of compressive stress layer on the surface of the glass, mechanical strength and thermal shock strength is improved, and has a special fragmentation state.

3.2 Classification

3.2.1 Tempered glass according to the classification of the production process can be divided into:

Vertical method of tempered glass: in the tempering process to take the clamps hanging out of the production of tempered glass.

Horizontal tempered glass: tempered glass produced by adopting horizontal roller support in the tempering process.

3.2.2 Tempered glass according to the shape of the classification, divided into flat tempered glass and curved tempered glass.

4 Tempered glass glass used

The production of tempered glass used in the glass, its quality should be in line with the requirements of the corresponding product standards. For special requirements, the glass used in the production of tempered glass, the quality of the glass is determined by the supply and demand sides.

5 requirements

The performance of the tempered glass and its test methods should be consistent with the corresponding provisions of Table 1. One of the safety performance requirements for mandatory requirements.

Table 1 Technical Requirements and Test Methods

Name Technical Requirements Test Methods

Dimensional and Appearance Requirements Dimensions and their permissible deviations 5.1 6.1

Thickness and its permissible deviations 5.2 6.2

Appearance 5.3 6.3

Bend4 5.4 6.4

Safety Performance requirements Bending degree 5.5 6.5

Fragmentation state 5.6 6.6

Shotgun bag impact performance 5.7 6.7

General performance requirements Surface stress 5.8 6.8

Heat-resistant impact performance 5.9 6.9

5.1 Allowable dimensions and permissible deviation

5.1.1 Rectangular flat surface Permissible deviation of edge length of tempered glass

The permissible deviation of edge length of rectangular plane tempered glass should be in accordance with the provisions of Table 2

Table 2 Permissible deviation of edge length of rectangular plane tempered glass (unit in mm)

Thickness Permissible deviation of edge length (L)

L≤1000 1000〈L≤2000 2000〈L≤3000 L> ;3000

3,4,5,6 +1

-2 ±3 ±4 ±5

8,10,12 +2

-3

15 ±4 ±4

19 ±5 ±5 ±6 ±7

>19 agreed between supply and demand

5.1.2 Rectangular Plane The diagonal difference of tempered glass

should be in accordance with Table 3.

Table 3 Allowable values of diagonal difference of rectangular plane tempered glass (in mm)

Nominal thickness of glass Allowable deviation of side length (L)

L≤2000 2000〈L≤3000 L>3000/>

3,4,5,6 ±3.0 ±4.0 ±5.0

8,10,12 ± 4.0 ±5.0 ±5.0

8,10,12 ±4.0 ±5.0 ±5.0

8,10,12 4.0 ±5.0 ±6.0

15,19 ±5.0 ±6.0 ±7.0

>19 Agreed between supply and demand

5.1.3 Dimensions and permissible deviations of tempered glass of other shapes

Agreed between supply and demand.

5.1.4 Edge processing

The shape and quality of edge processing shall be agreed upon by the supplier and the buyer.

5.1.5 Round holes

5.1.5.1 General

This article only applies to tempered glass with a nominal thickness of not less than 4mm. The quality of the edge finish of the round hole is to be agreed between supply and demand.

5.1.5.2 Aperture

The aperture is generally not less than the nominal thickness of the glass, and the permissible deviation of the aperture shall be in accordance with the provisions of Table 4. Smaller than the nominal thickness of the glass hole aperture allowable deviation agreed by the supply and demand sides,

Table 4 aperture diameter and allowable deviation (in millimeters)

Nominal aperture allowable deviation

4 ≤ D ≤ 50 ± 1.0

250<D ≤ 100 ± 2.0

D ≤ 100 agreed between supply and demand

D ≤ 100

5.1.5.2 aperture

Aperture diameter is generally not less than the nominal thickness of glass, aperture diameter should be in accordance with the provisions of Table 4. p> 5.1.5.3 Position of holes

1) The distance a between the edge of the hole and the edge of the glass should not be less than 2 times the nominal thickness of the glass. As shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the distance of the edge of the hole from the edge of the glass

2) The distance b between the edges of the two holes should not be less than two times the nominal thickness of the glass. As shown in Fig. 2.

Fig. 2 Schematic diagram of the distance between the sides of the two holes

3) The distance c between the sides of the holes and the corners of the glass should not be less than 6 times the nominal thickness d of the glass. As shown in Figure 3.

Note: If the distance between the edge of the hole and the corner of the glass is less than 35mm, then the hole should not be in a symmetrical position relative to the corner. The exact position is agreed upon by both the supply and demand sides.

Fig. 3 Schematic diagram of the distance of the edge of the hole from the corner of the glass

4) Expression of the position of the center of the circle and its permissible deviation

The expression of the position of the center of the circle of the hole can be referred to Figure 4. Establish a coordinate system as in Fig. 4 and express the position of the center of the circle in terms of the position coordinates (x, y) of the center of the circle.

The permissible deviation of x, y of the position of the center of the circle of the circular hole is the same as the permissible deviation of the edge length of the glass (see Table 2).

Figure 4 Expression of the position of the center of the circle

5.2 Thickness and its permissible deviation

5.2.1 The permissible deviation of the thickness of tempered glass should be in accordance with the provisions of Table 5.

Table 5 Thickness and its permissible deviation (in millimeters)

Glass nominal thickness Thickness permissible deviation

3,4,5,6 ±0.2

8,10 ±0.3

12 ±0.4

15 ±0.6

19 ±1.0

>19 Agreed between supply and demand

5.2.2 For glass of nominal thickness not specified in Table 5, the permissible deviation of thickness may be as specified in Table 5 for the thinner thickness of glass adjacent to it, or agreed between supply and demand.

5.3 Appearance quality

The appearance quality of tempered glass should meet the requirements of Table 6.

5.4 Bendability

The bendability of flat tempered glass should not exceed 0.3% for bowed and 0.2% for wave.

5.5 Impact resistance

Take 6 pieces of tempered glass for testing, the number of specimen destruction of no more than 1 piece is qualified, more than or equal to 3 pieces is unqualified.

When the number of damage is 2, and then take another 6 for the test, the sample must not be destroyed for all qualified.

Defect name Description Allowable number of defects

Blowout Each piece of glass per meter of edge length is allowed to have a length of not more than 10mm, from the edge of the glass to the surface of the glass plate extends to a depth of not more than 2mm, from the plate to the thickness of the glass to extend the depth of the thickness of not more than 1/3 of the number of the edge of the blowout. 1

Scratches width of 0.1mm below the minor scratches, per square meter of area is allowed to exist in the number of bars. Length ≤100mm

4

Scratches with a width greater than 0.1mm, the number of strips allowed per square meter of area. Width 0.1~1mm

Length ≤100mm

4 strips

Clamp marks Distance between clamp marks and glass edge ≤20mm, edge deformation ≤2mm (see Fig. 5)

Cracks, chipped corners are not permitted to be present

1. Edge deformation

2. Distance between clamp marks and glass edge

3. . clamp mark

Figure 5 Schematic diagram of clamp mark

5.6 Fragmentation status

Four glass specimens shall be taken for testing, and the minimum number of fragments per specimen in any 50mm x 50mm area shall satisfy the requirements of Table 7. And it is allowed to have a small number of long fragments, the length of which does not exceed 75mm.

Glass type Nominal thickness/mm Minimum number of fragments/piece

Flat tempered glass 3 30

4~12 40

≥15 30

Curved tempered glass ≥4 30

5.7 Shotgun pouch impact performance

Take 4 pieces of flat tempered glass specimens for test, must comply with any one of the following (1) or (2).

(1) When the glass is broken, the sum of the mass of the maximum 10 fragments of each specimen shall not exceed the mass equivalent to an area of 65m2 of the specimen.

(2) Scatter bag drop height of 1200mm, the specimen is not destroyed.

5.8 surface stress

Tempered glass surface stress should not be less than 90MPa.

Take the product as a specimen, take 3 specimens for the test, when all comply with the provisions of the qualified, 2 specimens do not comply with the unqualified, when the 2 specimens comply with the additional 3 specimens, if all 3 comply with the provisions of the qualified.

5.9 Thermal shock performance of tempered glass should be 200 ℃ temperature difference without destruction.

Take 4 samples for testing, when all 4 samples comply with the provisions of the performance is considered qualified. When there are more than 2 pieces do not meet, it is considered unqualified. When there is a piece of non-compliance, re-add a piece of specimen, if it meets the requirements, it is considered that the performance is qualified. When there are 2 pieces do not meet, then re-add 4 pieces of specimens, all in line with the provisions of the qualified.

6. Test Methods

6.1 Dimensional Inspection

The dimensions are measured by a steel ruler or steel tape measure with a minimum scale of 1mm.

6.2 Thickness Test

Measurement is made at the midpoint of the four sides within 15mm from the edge of the glass plate using an OD dry-ruler or an instrument of equivalent accuracy. The arithmetic mean of the measurement result is the thickness value. And in millimeters (mm) as a unit trimmed to 2 decimal places.

6.3 Appearance Inspection

Take the product as a specimen, according to GB 11614 method.

6.4 Measurement of bending

Place the specimen at room temperature for more than 4h, and place the specimen vertically when measuring, and put 2 pieces of cushion blocks on the 1/4 place under the long side of the specimen. With a ruler or a metal line horizontal close to the two sides of the product or diagonal direction, with a plug ruler to measure the gap between the straight edge and the glass, and the height of the arc and the length of the string of the ratio of the percentage to express the curvature of the bow when the bow. For local waveform measurement, use a straight ruler or metal line to measure along the parallel glass edge 25mm in the direction of the measurement length of 300mm. use a plug ruler to measure the height of the trough or crest, and divided by 300mm after the percentage of the waveform to indicate the curvature, as shown in Figure 6.

6.5 Impact resistance test

6.5.1 The specimen is the same thickness, the same type of products, and products manufactured under the same process conditions with the size of 610 mm (-0mm, +5mm) × 610mm (-0mm, +5mm) of flat tempered glass.

6.5.2 The test device should comply with the provisions of GB 9962-1999 Appendix A. Keep the impact surface horizontal. When testing curved tempered glass, you need to use the appropriate auxiliary frame support.

6.5.3 The use of 63.5 mm diameter (mass of about 1040 g) smooth surface of the steel ball placed at a height of 1000 mm from the surface of the specimen, so that it falls freely. The point of impact shall be within 25 mm of the center of the specimen. Impacts were limited to one for each specimen to see if it was damaged. The test is carried out at room temperature.

6.6 Fragmentation test

6.6.1 Product as specimen

6.6.2 Test equipment

Any device that retains the fragmentation pattern.

6.6.3 Test Procedure

6.6.3.1 Place the tempered glass specimen freely and flatly on the test bench and restrain the glass perimeter with clear tape paper or other means to prevent glass fragments from splashing away.

6.6.3.2 In the centerline of the longest side of the specimen about 20mm from the periphery of the position, with the tip of the radius of curvature of 0.2mm + 0.05mm of the small hammer or punch for impact, so that the specimen broken.

6.6.3.3 Measures to retain the fragmentation pattern shall begin after 10s after impact and end within 3min after impact.

1. bow deformation

2. glass edge length or diagonal length

3. wave deformation;

4. 300mm

Figure 6 Bow and wave curvature schematic

6.6.3.4 Fragment counting shall be performed by removing the portion of the specimen that is within 80mm of the radius of the point of impact, and within 25mm of the edge of the glass or edge of the drill hole. The portion within the radius of 80mm from the impact point and 25mm from the glass edge or drilled edge shall be removed. Select the largest fragment from the pattern and use a 50mm x 50mm counting frame to count the number of fragments in this part of the frame, with no penetrating cracks present in each fragment, and fragments across the edge of the counting frame counted as 1/2 a fragment.

6.7 Bullet bag impact performance test

6.7.1 Specimen

The specimen is the same thickness as the product, and products manufactured under the same process conditions with the size of 1930mm (-0mm, +5mm) × 864mm (-0mm, +5mm) rectangular plane tempered glass.

6.7.2 Test device

The test device shall comply with the provisions of GB 9962-1999 Appendix B.

6.7.3 Test Procedure

6.7.3.1 Use a 3 mm diameter flexible wire rope to lift the impact body, so that the periphery of the largest diameter part of the impact body cross-section from the surface of the specimen is less than 13 mm from the center of the specimen within 50 mm.

6.7.3.2 Keep the center of the largest diameter of the impact body at a drop height of 300 mm, free swing drop, impact near the center of the specimen 1 time. If the specimen is not destroyed, raised to 750 mm, in the same specimen near the center of the impact once again.

6.7.3.3 When the specimen is still not destroyed, and then raised to a height of 1200 mm, in the same specimen near the center of the impact once.

6.7.3.4 drop height of 300 mm, 750 mm or 1200 mm specimen destruction, within 5 min after the destruction of the largest 10 pieces of glass fragments selected from the mass. And measure the length of the longest glass fragments retained in the frame without penetrating cracks.

6.8 Surface Stress Measurement

6.8.1 Specimen to the product as a specimen, according to the method specified in GB/T 18144.

6.8.2 Measuring points

As shown in Figure 7, at a distance of 100mm from the long side, two parallel lines parallel to the long side of the lead and diagonal lines intersecting at four points, these four points and the geometric center of the product is the measuring point.

Figure 7 Measuring point diagram

Figure 8 Measuring point diagram

If the length of the short side of the product is less than 300mm, see Fig. 8, the distance from the short side of 100mm to lead parallel to the short side of the two parallel lines and the center line intersected with the center line at 2 points, these two points and the geometric center of the product that is, the measuring point.

Irregularly shaped products, the stress measurement point agreed by the supply and demand sides.

6.8.3 Measurement results

Measurement results are the arithmetic average of the measured values of each measurement point.

6.9 Thermal shock resistance will be 300mm × 300mm tempered glass specimen placed in the oven at 200 ℃ ± 2 ℃, insulation for more than 4h, immediately after removal of the specimen vertically immersed in 0 ℃ ice and water mixtures, should ensure that more than 1/3 of the height of the specimen can be immersed in the water, 5min after the observation of the glass is destroyed.

Fish scale peeling of the glass surface and edge should not be regarded as damage.

7 inspection rules

7.1 Inspection items

The inspection is divided into factory inspection and type inspection.

7.1.1 Type test technical requirements of the safety performance requirements for the mandatory items, the rest of the requirements agreed by the supply and demand sides.

7.1.2 Factory inspection thickness and its deviation, appearance quality, size and its deviation, bending. Other inspection items are agreed by the supply and demand sides.

7.2 Batch sampling method

7.2.1 Product size and deviation, appearance quality, curvature according to the provisions of Table 8 for random sampling.

Table 8 Sampling table (unit is piece)

Batch range Sample size Number of qualified judgment Number of unqualified judgment

1~8 2 1 2

9~15 3 1 2

16~25 5 1 2

26~50 8 2 3

51~90 13 3 4

91~150 20 5 6

151~280 32 7 8

281~500 50 10 11

501~1000 80 14 15

7.2.2 For other technical properties required by the product, if the product test, according to the number of test items required by the batch of products randomly selected; if the test with the sample for the test, the same process conditions should be used to prepare the product. When the batch of products is larger than 500 tons, the test samples shall be prepared under the same process conditions. When the batch of products in batches larger than 500 pieces, every 500 pieces for a batch of batch sampling, when the test items for non-destructive testing can be used to continue to carry out other items of testing.

7.3 Judgment rules

If the number of defective products is equal to or greater than the number of unqualified judgment in Table 8, the batch of products is considered unqualified in terms of appearance quality, dimensional deviation and curvature.

Other properties should also comply with the provisions of the corresponding articles, otherwise, the product is considered unqualified.

If one of the above items is unqualified, the product is considered unqualified.

8 Marking, Packaging, Transportation, Storage

8.1 Packaging

The packaging of glass should be packed in wooden boxes or containers (racks), which should be convenient for loading, unloading and transportation. Each box (rack) should be loaded with the same thickness and size of the glass. Between glass and glass, glass and box (frame) should take protective measures to prevent glass breakage and glass surface scratching.

8.2 Packaging Signs

Packaging signs should be consistent with the provisions of relevant national standards, each box should be marked with "up, light to put, be careful with the broken, rain and humidity" and other signs or words.

8.3 Transportation

When transporting, the glass should be fixed firmly to prevent sliding, tipping, and should be rainproof measures.

8.4 Storage

The product should be stored in a place where there is no dew or rainproof facilities.