What is the relationship between architectural decoration and urban cultural growth?

Northam, an American geographer, put forward the development law of Northam curve urbanization, including three stages: start, acceleration and maturity. The process of modern urbanization belongs to the stage of accelerated development. With the process of urbanization, historical buildings, historical and cultural blocks and natural landscapes are swallowed up by cities. Moreover, due to the rapid urbanization process, the core of the whole city, that is, urban culture, has not developed synchronously with urban construction. The ingenious application of traditional architectural decoration elements in modern urban architecture can help people find a sense of belonging in urban architecture and enrich modern urban culture from the inside out.

1 traditional architecture and traditional architectural decoration

The traditional architecture in China ranges from caves in the north to wooden walls on the flat ground, from bird's nest in the south to dry fence buildings on the ground. Architecture has changed from the initial bud to the flowering tree of art and culture. Different geographical features have different architectural features, and architectural decoration is also different accordingly. Architectural decoration refers to the part based on building materials and attached to the building itself, which contains certain functionality and decoration and has aesthetic significance. The elements of traditional architectural decoration are generally decorative elements of historical significance, such as the traditional architectural bucket arch, the decorative color system of the Forbidden City, the brick carving of Shanxi quadrangles and so on.

2 the importance of urban culture

Urban culture consists of three parts. The first part is the material level, that is, the material elements in the city, such as buildings and landscapes. The second part is the system level, which refers to urban laws and regulations; The third part is the spiritual level, which refers to the development and positive spiritual civilization condensed by people under material and institutional conditions. In order to enhance the comprehensive competitiveness of the city, Barcelona put forward the slogan "City is culture and culture is city", which embodies the important position of urban culture in the process of urban development.

Modern urban architecture needs the decoration and blessing of traditional architecture.

Cultural development in different times is influenced by social factors, and architecture also shows different characteristics of the times. According to historical experience, architectural decoration tends to be stable because of the pursuit of use function or artistic conception. The traditional architectural decoration elements not only highlight the architectural art, but also condense the profound culture of China. Modern architectural decoration is the material carrier of urban culture, the symbol of conveying culture and the intuitive expression of urban culture. Modern urban architecture is called "reinforced concrete forest", and many cities ignore the cultural foundation of traditional architecture in the process of development, which leads to a thousand cities in urban architecture. In Chen Danqing's words, Shanghai is not what it was then. Sadly, it is still called Shanghai. At present, Shanghai is undoubtedly the most representative modern city in China, but the flavor of Shanghai is slowly disappearing. In the face of the situation of urban construction, how can urban culture show its vivid vitality?

3. 1 crown of the east

20 10 The China Pavilion of the World Expo, designed by He Jingtang, is a blend of modern architecture and strong traditional architectural decoration, with oriental colors, and is called the "crown of the orient". The buildings in this new era are similar in shape to the traditional wooden buildings in China. The color of the exterior wall of the building is "China Red" on the wall of the Forbidden City, and the roof garden is inspired by traditional gardens. China Pavilion, decorated with traditional architecture in China, showed the traditional architectural culture of China at the World Expo, added a touch of China color to the modern city of Shanghai, and sounded the alarm for the modern city of the East.

3.2 Suzhou Museum

Suzhou Museum is hidden in Suzhou, an ancient city with a history of 2,500 years, adjacent to Humble Administrator's Garden. In traditional architecture, a museum building that meets modern functions is needed. I.M. Pei skillfully used the colorless system of traditional Suzhou architectural decoration, that is, the colors of black, white and gray, which are harmonious and unified with the surrounding buildings and appropriate in size. The courtyard landscape adopts the landscaping technique of gardens. Whether it is a mountain residence building that absorbs the elements of Mi Fei's landscape painting or a landscape pavilion that combines modern materials with traditional modeling, it embodies a new architectural culture that combines traditional architectural decoration with modernity. Suzhou Museum has become a pearl of Soviet-style urban culture and a representative of modern architecture with new China characteristics.

The growth of modern urban culture needs the promotion of traditional architectural culture and cultural tourism.

The Beijing Charter states: "Culture is the accumulation of history. It exists in architecture, blends into life, and exerts a subtle influence on urban construction and citizens' behavior. It is the soul of cities and buildings. " It reveals the important influence of traditional architectural culture on modern urban culture. However, under the background of ignoring the traditional architectural culture, the upsurge of cultural tourism makes traditional architecture add vitality to modern urban culture. Urban cultural tourism takes the perception of urban culture as the starting point. Hutong cultural tourism in Beijing is a typical case. According to the latest data from beijing tourism administration, the number of tourists in Beijing reached 285 million in 20 16, among which old Beijing quadrangles and hutongs are still the core tourist attractions in Beijing.

4. 1 Juer Hutong

Since the 1990s, a large number of Chinese and foreign tourists have been keen to visit the traditional architectural space of Beijing Hutong, resulting in the hot phenomenon of "Hutong Tour". "Hutong Tour" plays an important role in activating the traditional architectural space form of Hutong. In the 1990s, nearly 1500 hutongs were demolished in Beijing's urban expansion, and the remaining hutongs also had problems such as imperfect residential infrastructure and disrepair of buildings. Under the crisis of conflict between traditional architectural culture and urban development and construction, China architect Wu designed a courtyard-like residential building in Ju 'er Hutong, and put forward an "organic renewal" architectural space treatment method, which extended traditional architectural forms and decorative elements to new buildings, avoided the fate of building Hutong into a "cement box building", made Beijing's urban culture retain the charm of old Beijing, and made Beijing not only a modern city, but also a city of culture. This is an alley.

4.2 Imperial College London Lost and Found Furniture Store

Hutong cultural tourism is getting hotter and hotter, which ushered in the second climax of Hutong culture. The building rebuilt on the basis of the original hutong has a strong traditional architectural style of old Beijing, and its architecture is integrated with traditional architectural decoration, but its form is loved by modern people. For example, the lost and found furniture store in Guozijian Street in Beijing retains the traditional architectural structure, decorative elements and the original scale of quadrangles in old Beijing. The color of the whole building blends with the environment, and the original wooden beams and columns are maintained at the entrance. The spatial layout of the building is in the shape of "Hui", which is consistent with the spatial layout of traditional old Beijing quadrangles. The whole building is full of the elegance of traditional culture and meets the needs of modern commercial space. It is a model of the combination of modern architecture and traditional architectural decoration elements.

4.3 Beijing Plaza

From June 2065438 to June 2007, Beijing Square, a new landmark of Beijing culture with the theme of "blending old and new, living in harmony", was officially unveiled, with China architect Wu as the general consultant. This new cultural coordinate not only conforms to the modern taste, but also highlights the traditional architectural decoration culture, effectively activates urban culture, promotes the development of cultural tourism, and forms a benign chain among urban culture, traditional architectural decoration and cultural tourism.

The traditional architectural culture in the city should be revived through cultural tourism, and the essence of traditional architectural decoration should be extracted, and it should be naturally and harmoniously integrated into modern urban architecture. Only in this way can we enrich the modern urban culture, highlight the traditional architectural characteristics of modern urban architecture and radiate eternal urban culture from the inside.

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