Ancient celebrities with the spirit of craftsmanship material

Celebrities with the spirit of craftsmanship in ancient times

Ouyang Xiu's "Return to the Field" said that the Kai Bao Temple Pagoda in Bianjing was "the highest of all the pagodas in the capital and the system is very refined, all the material craftsman pre-hao made. All material craftsmen, craftsmen's chief manager or chief craftsmen, Liu Zongyuan cited above, "Ziren biography" of the biographer is a material craftsmen. Pre-ho tower was built, but it is "looking at the wrong and leaning northwest", into a leaning tower. We all wonder how this is the case, pre-ho solved the mystery: "the capital is flat and mountainous, and more northwest wind, blowing not a hundred years, when the right also." Italy's Leaning Tower of Pisa is famous all over the world, but as to why it will be tilted, until today is also unknown, the only certainty is not the designer's original intention; and "age" is far greater than the Leaning Tower of Pisa's Kaibaosi Tower, is in full consideration of climatic factors under the premise of the intentional move. In this way, not only the former to sigh pre-ho "with the heart of the fine cover so", today how we should not give a thumbs up? "Since the national dynasty of carpentry, one person only. So far woodworkers are to pre all material for the law", deservedly, but unfortunately, pre-ho written "wood scripture" three volumes "has been lost, only in Shen Kuo" Mengxi pen talk "can still see fragments. Kaifeng see today there is still Kai Bao Temple Tower, one of the first announced national key cultural relics, whether the pre-ho built that is not clear, too many ancient buildings are so, despite the construction technology is very high, but did not leave the name of the craftsman. For example, Xi'an Small Wild Goose Pagoda, more "three away from the three" magic, that is: three earthquakes split, and three times on their own "composite". What is the principle of magic? In recent times in the restoration of the Small Wild Goose Pagoda found that the craftsmen at the time according to the geological situation in Xi'an will be the base of the tower with rammed earth built into a semi-circular sphere, the pressure will be evenly dispersed by the quake, so that the tower like the "Wengtouweng" as well.

Zhou "Dec Xin Miscellaneous Knowledge" cloud: "Bianliang Song Palace, where the building, buildings, windows, often titled 'Yan with' two words, meaning that the name of the person must then smith ear." This is obviously just a guess, which is not the case. This is obviously just a guess, which has a certain artisan, even if all the material maker, can wrap up all the reasoning? However, those craftsmen who have left their names in history often cannot correspond with the works. The Philosopher's Record, edited by Mr. Zhu Qixian and others and newly compiled by Mr. Yang Yongsheng, is a book about the list of ancient craftsmen. In the book, "all the craftsmen are recorded, starting from the Tang Dynasty and Yu Dynasty to the modern times; no matter whether they are saints or mortals, creators or describers, up to princes, lords, generals and prime ministers, or down to catapults and wheeled carriages, all of them have made one thing in craftsmanship, passed on one art, demonstrated one skill, and established one speech, so as to make contribution to the culture of mankind", so "construction, stacking, forging, ceramics, painting and decorating" is listed. Therefore, all the skilled craftsmen in the fields of "construction, mountain stacking, forging, metallurgy, ceramics, painting, and sculpture" are included in the list. Jiu Ji, Yu, the father of the father, the father of the father, Cao Cao, Xiao He, Yang Su, Han Qi, etc., in the view of others, "reduced to" craftsmen may be a little bit of condescension.

Song Lian of the Ming Dynasty wrote a fable about Duke Huan of Qi rebuking the work of Shi Han, the work of Shi Han is a craftsman. The palace is broken, build a new one, the worker Shi Han full responsibility. First to logging, wooden rows transported out of the mountain, and then "commanded all the disciples, manipulating the graver carving, transporting the rope and ruler of the". Five months later, the work was completed. Duke Huan took a look, "the pillar of the East A has simaroubaceae" - the East Palace has a pillar is made of stinky toon tree, not happy, reproved: "Simaroubaceae, loose wood is also. Botanical not dense, Shen Liquid F固, smell of fishy, claw of do not know the poor, for threshold for the door post is not yet available, let alone for the negative RenYe?" This tree a bunch of problems, not dense, smelling bad, made of thresholds and so on are not qualified, let alone to load-bearing? Worker Shi Han pretended to be aggrieved, I make other 'place are so good, "Jia Mu to bed, Wen Ji to recommend the site, painting algae to lay wells, firm chalk to thick city walls, pottery glazed tile to decorate the dark", the beams and columns lack a with Tsubaki to make up for the number, I do not want to be blamed. Duke Huan reasoned with him, the palace is supported by pillars, "a pillar of moth is leaning co?o", how can it work? Gong Shi Han also reasoned at this time, the stability of the state is just like the stability of the palace, if "all the nongjin", treacherous ministers in power, can it work? Duke Huan said no. Worker Shi Han said, then you only see the stink of the Tsubaki column is "to detect its small and left its big", look at the dynasty now in power, Yong Wu, Yi drums early, the temple people sable, open the square, the four are what people, "are all ??? carry on". Duke Huan suddenly realized, "and then solve the four sub-government and called the pipe Jingzhong appointment, the great rule of Qi. The first step is to deliberately reveal the cracks, and then attack the shield of the Duke of Huan with the spear of the Duke of Huan, and the logic is as rigorous as the craft, and the effect of the admonition can be expected naturally.

If Song Lian pen is just a fable, then the Song Dynasty Li commandments compiled by the "building code" is not only a theoretical summary of practical experience in construction, but also more help to prevent corruption of the social value. Li commandment that craftsmen origin, "its examination of the work of the work, must study the advantages and disadvantages, firm weak system, hall structure of the party, and the operation of the rope and ink, all have been clear in mind". But the book in addition to the technical level, but also clear labor quotas, as well as transport, processing and other time consumed, for the preparation of budgets, construction organization have strict regulations, equivalent to a set of construction engineering system, norms, which can effectively eliminate material waste and project managers to enrich themselves. Such as the Li commandments such a craftsmanship, is not the same enough to make us admire?

Why do we need to cultivate the spirit of craftsmanship now? In my opinion, the starting point is obviously not to salvage the traditional crafts, but aims to traditional crafts in the hidden excellence into the modern enterprise. In the past two years, China's tourists are not to go to which country where "sweeping goods" and constantly become news? The reason for this, the country's pockets are drums on the one hand, on the other hand is that the reputation of national products to be revitalized. In this way, it is not difficult to understand the strategic significance of this reference.