What are the characteristics of Jiangnan culture?

First, the characteristics of Jiangnan culture:

1. Jiangnan has beautiful mountains and rivers, warm and watery climate, and human nature is generally beautiful and flexible, which is conducive to art.

2. In the process of conquering the rivers and seas for a long time, Jiangnan residents have developed a resolute character and formed an open-minded, heroic and brave temperament.

3. Jiangnan culture has outstanding Chongwen characteristics, and the society generally advocates and attaches importance to cultural education.

4. Jiangnan culture is characterized by openness and tolerance.

5. Jiangnan culture has a strong religious connotation. From the Han Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty, due to its relatively remote geographical location, Jiangnan was less influenced by Confucianism than the Central Plains, and its cultural character was more free and active than the Central Plains. Buddhism and Taoism spread very quickly here, and then combined with the ancient tradition of being good at gods and witches, resulting in distinctive religious characteristics.

Second, the development of Jiangnan culture benefits from the promotion of its political and economic status. In the 4th century, Jin moved south and established political power in Nanjing. Since then, Song, Qi, Liang and Chen have successively changed and ruled Jiangnan for 272 years. This period was the first large-scale partition of North and South in China's history, which greatly promoted the development of Jiangnan. During the Five Dynasties, Wu, wuyue, and Southern Tang successively divided Jiangnan, and Jiangnan became increasingly prosperous. Especially in the12nd century, after the change of Jingkang, the Song Dynasty moved south, with its capital in Lin 'an, and the national economic center shifted to the south. According to historical records, "today's fertile soil is nothing like Wu, Yue, Min and Shu", and "the foundation of the country depends on the southeast". Jiangnan has fully possessed the strength to compete with the north.

However, all the imperial courts with Jiangnan as their capital seemed to lack the courage and ambition to unify China without exception. The heroic spirit of Jin Ge Tiema was exhausted in the scenery of West Lake in Qinshui Gusu Gallery, Qinhuai. Even in this turbulent state, Qian Jiangchao can only arouse the admiration of the literati, but can't arouse the lofty sentiments of the rulers. Therefore, "favoring Jiang Zuo" has become a helpless but logical word in the history of China.

Weakness and paleness in the military make the Jiangnan region peaceful, so that it will not be as naked as the Central Plains. At the same time, Jiangnan culture shows great vitality from different aspects such as poetry, music art and religious philosophy ... You can easily name a long list of shining names in China's cultural history: Xiao Yan, Shen Yue, Xiao Tong, Wang Xizhi, Xie Lingyun, Xie Tiao, Yu Xin, Jiang Yan, Li Yu, Fan Zhongyan, Wang Anshi, Lu You, Tang Yin, Gu. These include kings who are famous for their martial arts, prominent officials, clans who are down and out in rivers and lakes, lonely princes, singers who cry for a long time, adherents who have gone through the world, candidates who are looking for a career after retiring from office, celebrities who care about brothels, hermits who take pictures of nymphs, singers who miss the past and hurt the present, and so on. Everyone, with his unique spirituality, shows his uninhibited talents in the south of the Yangtze River. At the same time, in the voluminous words, he leaves a beautiful image of the south of the Yangtze River and a brand of his own life.

Jiangnan is undoubtedly beautiful.

"In the spring of March, the grass grows in the south of the Yangtze River, the peanut trees are miscellaneous, and the birds fly." This is a seemingly leisurely stroke in Liang Qiu's recent cooperation with Chen Bozhi. It is said that those who defected to the Northern Wei Dynasty suddenly felt homesick in the face of the scenery of the old country between the lines, and soon led the people back to Liang. "At sunrise, the flowers in the river are red, and in spring, the river is as green as blue." Bai Juyi's words are well known so far, and the inscription of "Recalling Jiangnan" has also been passed down through the ages. "The mountains surround the old country, and the tide is empty." This is Liu Yuxi wandering in Jinling. "Moonlit Bridge 24, where do jade people teach flute playing?" This is Du Mu visiting Yangzhou. "The water is bright and sunny, and the mountains are empty and rainy." This is Su Shi rowing in the West Lake. "Everyone says that Jiangnan is good, and tourists only join Jiangnan." This is Wei Zhuang's admiration. The south of the Yangtze River with apricot blossom and spring rain is so beautiful that it inspires the infinite imagination of literati. However, the ingenious pen of literati makes the natural scenery of Jiangnan more beautiful. No wonder Yan Yanliang, the gold owner, wanted to move south after reading Liu Yong's "Sanqiu Guizi, Shili Lotus" and "Wu Shan immediately".

Jiangnan, not only beautiful but also rich and beautiful, has attracted the coveted eyes of countless Saibei leaders. How many times did the Hu people ride across the Yangtze River in an attempt to conquer this land with swords, shadows, blood and fire? However, the deep hatred of nomadic people is contained by the profoundness of China culture. It can be said that every time the nomadic people herded horses south and the Han civilization crossed south, it was a development, expansion and promotion of Jiangnan, and also a tempering of Jiangnan's concept. It is in this tempering that Jiangnan has matured and its image has become more and more distinct.

But it is undeniable that this image is not exactly what Jiangnan really looks like, but what people hope Jiangnan should look like. "Rain hates clouds, and Jiangnan is still called a beauty." This is a dream that people have been tirelessly weaving for thousands of years. The word "Jiangnan" is more of a humanistic concept after the painstaking management and emotional infiltration of scholars in past dynasties.

In fact, the concept of Jiangnan embodies an ultimate pursuit: utopian complex. This kind of complexity, ancient and modern, Chinese and foreign. As the saying goes, "There is heaven above, and Suzhou and Hangzhou below". When the original rich background can't satisfy people's desires, Jiangnan has become an ideal place to live and a paradise in the eyes of Chinese people.