Knowledge about ancient Chinese architectural art

The characteristic forms and styles of Chinese architecture with aesthetic value. Since the pre-Qin Dynasty to the middle of the 19th century is basically a closed independent system, more than 2000 years of style changes, commonly known as the ancient Chinese architectural art.

After the middle of the 19th century, with the change of the nature of society, foreign architecture, especially the import of a large number of Western architecture, Chinese architecture and world architecture have more contact and exchange, architectural style has undergone a drastic change, commonly known as China's modern architectural art.

Ancient Chinese architectural art

Ancient Chinese architectural art developed and matured in the feudal society, which took the Han wooden structure building as the main body, and also included the excellent architecture of various ethnic minorities, and was a unique art system with the longest continuation history, the widest geographical distribution, and the most obvious style in the world. Ancient Chinese architecture had a direct influence on the ancient architecture of Japan, Korea and Vietnam, and after the 17th century, it also had an influence on Europe.

Artistic Characteristics

Compared with European ancient architecture, there are three basic characteristics of ancient Chinese architecture:

1) The unity of aesthetic value and political and ethical value. Buildings with high artistic value also played the role of maintaining and strengthening the political and ethical system and ideology of the society at the same time.

②Rooted in the deep traditional culture, showing a distinctive spirit of humanism. All the constituent factors of architectural art, such as scale, rhythm, composition, form, character, style, etc., are from the aesthetic psychology of contemporary people, which can be appreciated and understood by people, and there are no big ups and downs, weird and treacherous, incomprehensible images.

3 Overall and comprehensive is very strong. Ancient excellent architectural works, almost all mobilized at that time may constitute the architectural art of all the factors and techniques synthesized into a whole image, from the overall environment to a single house, from the external sequence to the internal space, from the color decorations to the ancillary art, each part is not dispensable, one of which is abstracted, but also damage to the overall effect.

These basic features are specifically expressed as follows:

Emphasis on the overall management of the environment

From the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States period onwards, China has had the concept of the overall management of the built environment. Zhou Li" on the wild, all, despicable, township, village, coccyx, li, eup, hill, Dian and other planning system, although not all may not be a fact, but at least shows that there has been a systematic planning of the concept of large regional planning. Guan Zi - multiplying horses" advocates that "wherever the capital of a country is established, it is not under a big mountain, but above a wide river", indicating that the location of a city must take into account the environmental relationship. The origin of Chinese geomancy is very early, removing the superstitious veneer, the vast majority of the relationship between the environment and the building. Ancient cities are focused on the city itself and the surrounding environment, unified management. Qin Xianyang was a superbly scaled urban environment with its north encompassing Beiban, its center running through the Weishui River, and its south reaching Nanshan Mountain, reaching two to three hundred miles east to west at its peak. Chang'an (now Xi'an, Shaanxi Province), Luoyang (Northern Wei Dynasty), Jiankang (now Nanjing, Jiangsu Province), Beijing (Ming and Qing dynasties) and other famous capitals, its business scope are far more than within the city walls; even the general government, state, and county towns, but also will be included in the suburbs in the city's overall environment of the unified layout. Important scenic spots, such as the five mountains and five towns, Buddhist and Taoist mountains, Eup suburban gardens, etc., also put

Environmental management in the first place; the emperor's mausoleum area, but also focus on geography of feng shui, most of these places are relying on the environment of the building to show the charms of its art.