What are the categories and contents of Chinese studies?

Let's first understand what "Chinese studies" are. "Sinology", as its name implies, is to study China and China. Hanwa, a brick of the Qin Dynasty, is a Sinology (as evidenced by English China). Since the Han Dynasty, the national strength has reached its peak. Overseas, it is also called "Sinology". Although textual research proves that the word "Sinology" has become more popular at the latest in the Southern Song Dynasty, it refers to the academic thought of Confucian classics in a narrow sense, while people in the Han Dynasty mainly focus on famous things and exegesis. Sinology referred to overseas, or it can be understood as the study of the Han nationality, is the study of China, especially the study of China's language, culture, literature, history and customs, which includes China's six arts and five arts. The six arts refer to the six arts of ritual, music, shooting, imperial, calligraphy and mathematics, and the five arts refer to the five arts of mountain, medicine, divination, life and equality, which have a broader explanation. The theory of "Five Arts and Six Arts" contended by a hundred schools of thought can all be called "National Studies", among which Buddhism is a foreign religion, all of which were born in China. Therefore, Chinese studies are also called "China studies" and Sinology. Recently, it was reported that on June 5, 2008, 5438+00, 15, the National College of China Renmin University indicated that it would formally submit an application to the relevant departments for the establishment of a professional degree in Chinese studies. Excuse me, which subject in Chinese studies will set up a "doctor" degree? Or should we set up a "doctor's degree" with five arts and six arts? If one favors one over the other, should other disciplines not be included in the list of "Chinese studies"? (The above article is taken from Nan: Talking about Chinese studies in the fever of Chinese studies. )

The original name of Sinology originally meant national universities, such as ancient imperial academy and imperial academy. Simply talking about Chinese learning refers to pure Chinese learning. Since the spread of western learning to the east and the cultural diversion and transformation, in order to distinguish it from western learning, China academic circles have called China's "six arts and five techniques" as "national studies". Western learning flourished in the East, while Eastern learning declined. Around the New Youth Movement since the May 4th Movement, some masters of Chinese studies began to argue with Western learning to protect Chinese studies. The western school thinks that western learning is completely accepted and middle school is neglected. Sinology is unique to China, but in the modern history of China, sinology and western learning began to develop separately in China due to the distinction between China and the West, while sinology rose in the early 20th century and flourished in11920s. In Chinese mainland, Sinology was destroyed by breaking the four traditions. Since the reform and opening up at the end of the Cultural Revolution, China people's ideological, academic and cultural freedom has gradually recovered, and the academic space of China's traditional culture has gradually expanded and prospered. Since the reform and opening up in the 1980s, "Sinology" has revived to this day. (The above article is taken from Nan: Talking about Chinese studies in the fever of Chinese studies. )

Regarding the establishment of a degree in Chinese studies in universities, some people say that the orientation of a degree in Chinese studies is very vague. In fact, the field and scope of Chinese studies are not vague. With the gradual decline of western learning, Chinese studies have also experienced ups and downs, and it is not easy to get to today. With the growth of China traditional culture and the historical development of China, Sinology has rich philosophical connotations. Chinese studies are not philosophy. However, the history of Sinology includes China's philosophical development for thousands of years, and Sinology cannot exist alone without the traditional culture of China. If we want to find the basic basis for setting up a degree, we must fully revive China's traditional Chinese culture, including the theory of "five arts and six arts and a hundred schools of thought". The modernization of Chinese studies is to revive and modernize cultural knowledge with five techniques and six arts. (This article is reproduced by Nan, but please indicate Nan. (The above article is taken from Nan: Talking about Chinese studies in the fever of Chinese studies. )

Sinology, which rose at the beginning of the twentieth century, flourished in the twenties, and there was a "root-seeking" craze in the eighties. The craze for "Chinese studies" in the 1990s has since revived, which is the reflection and face-up of modern people on traditional culture. Today is the repositioning of traditional culture in today's multicultural China and even the world.

The theory of "Chinese studies" came into being in the historical period of western learning spreading to the east and cultural transformation. Strictly speaking, the academic circles have not given us a unified and clear definition of Chinese studies so far. Famous experts have different opinions, but they can't agree. Generally speaking, Deng Shi, the quintessence of Chinese culture, wrote in 1906: "What is a China scholar? A country's learning is also. Life with land is on it, because there is a country, and people with a country have their own knowledge. Those who learn, learn from a country, think that the country is used, and rule a country. " Lecture on Chinese Studies, Chinese Cooking Magazine. 19) Mr. Deng's concept of Chinese studies is very broad, but he mainly emphasizes the practicality of Chinese studies.

Generally speaking, Sinology refers to the traditional culture and scholarship of China with Confucianism as the main body. Since Sinology is a traditional culture and academic in China, it undoubtedly includes medicine, drama, calligraphy and painting, astrology, mathematics, etc. It certainly belongs to the category of Sinology, but it can also be said to be an extension of Sinology.

Chinese studies should be divided into philosophy, history, religion, literature, customs, textual research, ethics, edition and so on. , with Confucian philosophy as the mainstream; Ideologically, it should be divided into three schools: pre-Qin philosophers, Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism. Confucianism runs through and dominates the history of China's thoughts, and everything else is subordinate. Sinology is divided into four parts: classics, history, philosophy and history, but the classics and philosophers are the main ones, especially the classics.

Sikuquanshu is the largest series of books in ancient China. It was compiled in Qianlong period and was completed by first-class scholars Ji Xiaolan, Wang Niansun and Dai Zhen at that time. "Four Treasures of the Study" refers to classics, history, books and collections, and "Daquan" refers to all the collected books.

"Sinology" refers to the abbreviation of the academic essence that combines the essence of China traditional culture with the essence of contemporary culture.