What are the printing and dyeing processes in the Tang Dynasty?

The printing and dyeing processes in the Tang Dynasty were quite developed, mainly including Javalle? Valeriana wax? Strangulation? Letterpress rubbing technology and alkali printing technology? The rapid development of embroidery in the Tang Dynasty? Embroidery in the Tang Dynasty is not only used as clothing, but also used to embroider Buddhist scriptures or Buddha statues. The stitches are wonderful and effective, and they also reflect people's religious consciousness at that time?

The printing and dyeing industry was quite developed in the Tang Dynasty, and some new printing and dyeing technologies appeared, such as relief printing technology? Tang printing and dyeing process also includes Javalle? Wax valerian and twisted valerian, among which the clip valerian process originated and flourished in the Tang Dynasty, so that it became the most common dyeing process at that time?

We know that before dyeing a dress, we must clean up the greasy place? Keep stirring during the boiling and dyeing process to prevent some places from kinking?

Because there are oil stains or knots, it is easy to cause uneven dyeing or bad color, which will make clothes deep and shallow, and flowers are full of stains and spots, which is ugly?

The working people in ancient China, by summing up the lessons of these dyeing failures, turned bad things into good things and created a unique printing technology, which is Javalle? Wax valerian and twisted valerian, which is what we usually call "ancient three valerian"? Now people generally refer to the three as "sandwiched dyeing"? Batik? Tie-dye "

Clip dyeing, called clip dyeing in modern times, is a direct printing method? Javalle is a popular and common printing and dyeing method. Two wooden blocks are used to carve the same pattern, and the middle is dyed with silk. After printing and dyeing, the wooden blocks are untied to make the pattern relatively uniform.

The Japanese Zhengcang Institute still preserves the "flowers and trees to prevent deer" imported from China in the Tang Dynasty. "Flowers and trees return to birds" clip screen?

There are many kinds of techniques for hanging curtains, including direct printing? Alkaline printing, as well as dye-proof printing, are all traditional stencil printing, while screen printing, that is, screen printing, was adopted in the prosperous Tang Dynasty?

The production of hollowed-out plates is to carve patterns on paper to form plates, and then omit the printing and dyeing process of printing dyes on fabrics. A notable feature of flower patterns printed with hollow paper patterns is that the lines cannot be connected end to end, leaving gaps?

From 1966 to 1973, the patterns of a batch of Tang Dynasty printed fabrics unearthed in Turpan show that the patterns of yarn fabrics are all composed of discontinuous lines with a width of 2 mm, and the dotted lines of petals and veins printed on a white background are discontinuous, while the patterns of silk fabrics are all clusters of dots and cockscomb, all of which are broken holes.

Is the tea unearthed here brown-green? In two groups of white printed silk, the first group is decorated with white circles. Except for some points or circles formed by mopping the floor, the circles of these small circles are not closed, that is, there is a line outside the circle? These are the unique phenomena of hollowed-out patterns? In particular, the diameter of these small circles is only 3 mm, and the diameter of the dots in the circle is only about 1mm, which is by no means carved by woodcuts? This printing plate is carved with a special paper plate?

The Tang Dynasty printing and dyeing specimens unearthed in Turpan show that before the prosperous Tang Dynasty at the latest, China silk-weaving printing and dyeing workers had completed the reform process of replacing hollowed-out wood grain with special hollowed-out paper grain?

Valeriana wax is what modern people call batik? Its manufacturing method and technological process are as follows: spread white cloth on a wooden board or desktop, and light wax flowers? The way to light wax is to put beeswax in a ceramic bowl or a metal can, melt the wax with charcoal ash or chaff fire in a brazier, and then color it with a copper knife dipped in wax?

The first step in drawing is to determine the position? Some areas are outlined according to the pattern of paper scissors, and then various patterns are drawn?

In other areas, it is easy to draw all kinds of beautiful patterns by drawing a big outline on white cloth with nails instead of patterns?

The method of dip dyeing is to put the painted wax pieces into indigo vats, and each piece usually needs to be soaked for five or six days? After soaking for the first time, take it out to dry and it will become light blue? Soak in it a few times and it will be dark blue.

If you need to have a two-color pattern on the same fabric, after the first soaking, dip the light blue with wax flowers, and the two-color pattern will appear after dyeing?

When a piece of wax is soaked in a dye vat, some wax traces are damaged and cracked due to folding, so natural cracks are produced, which are generally called "ice cracks"? Sometimes "ice lines" are made according to needs? This "ice pattern" often makes batik patterns more layered and has a natural and unique flavor?

Batik method of southwest Miao nationality in Tang Dynasty? Buyi and other ethnic minority areas are widely popular? Batik patterns are vivid and unique, which are not only loved by Chinese people, but also exported to foreign countries and are very popular?

Is there a beautifully patterned Tang Dynasty wax screen and sheep screen in Masakura Hospital of Japan?

Strangulation is what modern people call tie-dyeing? The common method is to sew the fabric to be dyed into a cross shape according to certain specifications as needed? Square? Stripes and other shapes, then dyed, dried after dyeing, and removed knots? Because the dye solution can't penetrate, colored white flowers are formed, and the edge of the pattern has a smudge effect?

Another way is to wrap the pattern around the nail and then dye it, which will produce more complicated pattern changes?

The "twisted skirt" of the Tang Dynasty was unearthed from the ancient tomb of Astana in Turpan. Eggplant purple and other colors form a diamond-shaped mesh pattern, which is exquisite and beautiful?

There are more than 100 varieties and techniques of Valeriana officinalis, each with its own characteristics. For example, "Twisting on the Roll", the halo is rich in color, naturally changing and interesting? What is even more surprising is that every kind of flower, even if there are thousands of flowers, will not be the same after dyeing?

This unique artistic effect is difficult to achieve by mechanical printing and dyeing process? Valeriana products are especially suitable for women's wear?

Was there relief printing technology in Tang Dynasty? In particular, the bird-patterned silk unearthed in Dunhuang, Gansu Province, with relief printing in the Tang Dynasty is a reappearance of the relief printing technology that disappeared since the Eastern Han Dynasty?

In addition, the calico unearthed in Mawangdui, Changsha, Western Han Dynasty is a gray, silvery white and golden moire yarn overprinted with two relief editions. Relief printing technology developed to the Tang Dynasty, and the bird silk unearthed in Dunhuang was used for relief printing. Is this a physical copy of this technology?

In the Tang Dynasty, alkali printing technology used alkali as discharge agent to print silk Luo Zhi products. It uses the chemical action of alkali on fabric to produce different color patterns after dyeing.

There are also large clusters of folded branches with hollow cardboard printed on them. Is it a more delicate kind? The batik printed silk with smoky hunting patterns unearthed in Turpan shows a vivid and intense hunting scene with superb skills, with knights bending their bows and shooting lions, galloping horses, chasing dogs and rabbits, and singing birds and flowers?

Printed fabric