What are drum words and singing income?

Drum Ci is a kind of rap art in China Song Dynasty. Singing with drums, using the same drum words repeatedly.

Describe the scenery with words in one tone, or sometimes in simple English. There are two forms of performance: just singing and talking and singing. Singing without talking, most of them are very short, only one or two words. Talking and singing are put at the beginning of the article, which is similar to the speech. The general introduction content is parallel prose with a relatively fixed format. Later, it developed into rap, with words and feelings, articles and ideas, one after another, and it was staged in turn. Drum lyrics have a far-reaching influence on the development of saying lyrics and southern opera.

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As one of China's rap techniques in the Song Dynasty, Drum Ci was named because it was accompanied by drums.

The story of a geisha. However, drum lyrics are not necessarily limited to techniques such as rap and cross-rhyme prose accompanied by drums, but also include various performance forms and systems. Composed of poems or slow words, the musical form, the number of chapters, the use of musical instruments, the playing system and so on are all chosen by the creators, that is, the singers. The forms of drum lyrics are more and more diverse, such as from musical form to narrative form, from specialized drum accompaniment to orchestral instruments, but this is not concentrated in one aspect. Therefore, although a new form appeared later, it still coexisted and created with the existing form. The existing drum lyrics are lyric works written by intellectuals in feudal times, which are mostly used for court banquets, such as Picking Mulberry Seeds by Ouyang Xiu in the Northern Song Dynasty, and Butterfly Loves Flowers by Zhao Lingzhi, which sing the story of Ji. During the Song and Yuan Dynasties, the story book Ku Yuan Jing Yang Hui (including Story Book of Qingping Mountain Hall) was generally regarded as a drum work. The greatest influence on later generations is Wei Yuan's "Butterfly in Cui Yingying".

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Guci is a kind of folk song, which was first popular in Song Dynasty, and later attracted the interest of literati.

In the form of folk drum lyrics, he created some drum lyrics works, such as Lu's "Holy Festival Drum Lyrics" and "Jinling Fuhui Drum Lyrics". These drum words are relatively simple in form, and generally consist of one or two or three tunes with the same tune as Gongdiao. For example, Drum Ci on Holy Festival is repeated twice with "Dianjiang Lip", while Drum Ci on Jinling Mansion only uses "New Lotus Leaf" without repetition. This drum word has further developed into a rap music that is often performed in the streets and lanes. For example, Zhao Deyu's "Wei Yuan Cui Yingying Shangdiao Drum Poems" and "Duckling with a Green Hat" in "Qingpingtang Tales" are the only two examples of rap drum poems. The former repeated the song "Up Butterfly Hua Lian" for twelve times, and there was always a classical Chinese between each repetition; The latter repeated the song "Carving Vinegar Gourd" for ten times, and there was always a mantra between each repetition. In this drum performance, one person is the lead singer and speaks, while others are "singing partners" accompanied by instrumental music. Accompaniment instruments are mainly drums, others may include wind instruments and stringed instruments such as flutes. Drum is the main accompaniment instrument of drum lyrics, and others include flute and pipa. There are usually three flute players who can't sing.

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Drum lyrics are named after the accompaniment of drums when singing. The early drum lyrics are a kind of drum lyrics sung repeatedly with the same tone.

In the Northern Song Dynasty, there were 12 songs in Ouyang Xiu's Liu Yici, and there were two songs in Lu's Shengqiu Ci, such as Shengshu Gu Ci Lip. There were some works of the same nature in the Southern Song Dynasty, which were not narrative stories. The fifth volume of Backstreet Records preserved by Zhao Lingzhi in the Northern Song Dynasty is included in Wei Yuan's poem "Cui Yingying Upgrades Butterfly Hua Lian", which is a drum word of a rap story. It tells the story of Zhang Sheng and Cui Yingying. The whole system consists of a prose and a modal singing, and the singing part is repeated 12 times with the tune of "Dead Hua Lian". At the beginning of the whole article, I said, "... tune it into a good tune, and the tune is called" Die ". Every word and article of love has a meaning. Serve the singer, first set the style, then listen to the lyrics. " After that, before each paragraph begins to sing, it is customary to say, "serve the singing partner and make up with the previous voice." It can be seen that the performance of this narrative drum word, except for 1 rap, others form a song partner, who is also responsible for singing and instrumental accompaniment. There is 1 article "Ku Yuan Jing Yang Hui" in the Qing Ping Shan Tang Hua Ben compiled and published in the Ming Dynasty, which is also a narrative drum word. Ye Dejun also thought it was a popular drum work in Song Dynasty in Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties on Singing Literature. The whole system is the same as "Wei Yuan Cui Yingying Shang Diao Die Lian Hua", and the singing part repeatedly uses the "vinegar gourd" tune.

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Drum lyrics are mainly accompanied by drums, supplemented by dulcimer, banhu, erhu, guzheng, pipa, flute, bangzi, bell, octagonal drum and porcelain dish. The triad method is adopted, namely 15 1. There are three methods to determine the chord besides cross-chord: one is the flat chord determination method, that is, 563, which is a special chord for flat tuning, such as Entering Lanfang, Four Great Scenery and Embroidered Pocket; The second method is to determine the chord of the sea string, that is, 152. This string, also called "Three Wonders", is only used to accompany "The Black Dragon Crys at the Sea", so it is called the sea string; The first drum character

The third is the official tuning method, that is, 5 14, which is only accompanied by the tune of "Crying Five Tables". These three methods of tuning strings are relatively old. At present, few people can sing flat and sea tones, so they are almost lost. Generally, the pitch is determined according to the actor's range. Generally, the commonly used keys are D key (commonly known as oral key) and bE key (commonly known as one key), and individual actors can also set F key, C key or C key (commonly known as Fanzi key). Artists also use soft keys and hard keys to express keys with ascending and descending symbols, such as bE keys, which are called hard keys. No matter how many paragraphs there are in a program, they are all used repeatedly with the same tone. There are two forms of performance: just singing and talking and singing. Those who only sing but don't talk only use the word 1, such as Hou Jian's Drum Poems of Jinling House Club, New Lotus Leaf or Dianjiang Lip, and Lv Wei's Drum Poems of Sheng Jie. If you use two songs in a row, for example, Yao's "Holy Drum" uses two songs "Broken Magnolia"; Longer ones, such as "Drums in December" by Ouyang Xiu, "The Pride of Fisherman" by 12, and the scenery in 12 are sung separately. There are drums that are sung and spoken, and some that are spoken are only used at the beginning of the program. Words are written in parallel prose, and the pattern is relatively fixed. For example, Ouyang Xiu's 1 1 Picking Mulberry Seeds, the first of which is Reading the West Lake, finally said: "I know that I am often better than I have been here. Although everything is not your own, you have more. Because I turned over the old words, I wrote in a new style, I dare say. " Li Zizheng wrote 65,438+00 Yongmei's Magnolia. After the preface, he said, "Try to weave nonsense words into short words, make a scene for a while, and talk about the joy of four seats. The female companion approached and the drum was waiting. " Rap and rap are used alternately, and only one of them is Zhao Lingzhi's "Cui Yingying on the Ferret Daddy Hua Lian", which begins with the introduction of the whole article, saying: "Husband is a legend, and what Tang said is also true. ..... Today, in my spare time, I read the article in detail, which is a little annoying and divided into ten chapters; Under each chapter, the words belong to it, or the whole article, or just take its meaning. Don't be a song, tell the meaning of the last article before you pass it on. Tune to Shang's tune, and the name of the tune is "Go to Die". Every word and article of love has a meaning. Serve the singer, first set the style, then listen to the lyrics. " Then sing paragraph after paragraph until the end of the article. The whole article * * * uses "the nearest flower" 12. Cui Yingying's story was broadcast as vocal music in The Story of Yingying by Yuan Zhen, a writer in Tang Dynasty, which played a certain role in Dong Jieyuan's interpretation of the Palace Tune and the production of Southern Opera. There are 1 articles in Qing Ping Shan Ben published in Ming Dynasty, which tells the story that Jiang fell in love with his neighbor Zhu Xianglian and was killed by her husband Zhang Erguan. The song "Vinegar Gourd" with lyrics of 10 may have originated from folk drum words in Song Dynasty, but it remains to be determined.

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Millet's literary works are vast and have a long history. According to Mr. Li Haizhou, someone once got 1.350 songbooks with ancient ballads. At present, his collection is only nearly 200 volumes. However, in modern times, there were only over 100 songs sung by Song Di. Compared with other folk art, Lanzhou drum pays more attention to leveling and even rhyming. A songbook, a verse. Drum words

Drum is not like a fast book or a ballad, but a ballad book, with only one rhyme from beginning to end, and the same rhyme in the middle. According to the theme, it can be divided into two categories: Wen Qu (singing softly) and Wu Qu (singing hard). Soft singing is widely used in Wen Qu. Wen Qu, also known as "love song", mainly focuses on talents and beautiful women. Such as Great Kindness, Exclusive Flowers and Little Nun Down the Mountain. Rigid lip-synching is generally used to sing Wu Qu. Wu Qu is also called "hero song", such as Song Wu Beats Tiger, Yan Qing Beats Time, Nihe Rescue, Respecting Morality, Visiting Caotang, etc. Traditional plays are mainly heroes, folk stories and historical legends. The words are profound in meaning, rigorous in format and euphemistic in narration. For example, the lyrics in Love Debt say, "From that day on, I was worried about my slave every day. I'm too lazy to photograph my diamond glasses for you. I am too lazy to go to the dresser for you. I'm too lazy to change your dress. I'm too lazy to put embroidered shoes on you. Who is to blame for my appearance? Who is responsible for my spirit? You don't care about my marital love. Why don't you come back? Last season, when the peaches and plums were not in bloom, you said you would come back as soon as you left. Today, the begonia withered, and the Huang Ju flower was defeated. The golden wind of buttonwood leaves blows all over the steps, and you can't see disgusting talents through autumn water. Why didn't your heart turn? Because you are too bad, you will see when you will be heartless. " According to its organizational procedures and connection forms, drum music cards can be divided into two major cavity systems: drum music cards and music tunes. They always include 48 tunes, most of which are derived from two to five variations due to some subtle changes in their uses, words and tunes, which constitute very rich and complex professional knowledge for expressing emotions. Such as the sadness in Border Pass and Soyaro, and the joy and joy in A Little Oil, Taiping Year, Yangko and Urgent Appeal. There are also various uses to describe the plot, such as "poem signing", "pomegranate flower", "wind blowing" and "broken bridge", which are enough for people to use at their discretion in a fairly affluent range. Qupai is elegant and melodious, ethereal and free-spirited, quiet and serene, which is suitable for expressing various thoughts and feelings such as happiness, anger, sadness and joy.

China's popular singing method in Song Dynasty. This is the earliest art form of singing many songs in the same palace tune. Its early form was entanglement, that is, Wang Guowei's biography (or stepping) in his book A Study of Song and Yuan Opera, which spread in the late Northern Song Dynasty and was a combination of song and dance. Gradually developed, absorbed a variety of folk music, and formed a singing interest, which prevailed in the Southern Song Dynasty. It is a kind of rap art developed on the basis of "eye-catching" and "reaching" in the Northern Song Dynasty. "Packaging sequence" and "packaging" are both forms of divertimento. The former is a little divertimento with an introduction and an end, while the latter has no end, and only two tunes are sung alternately after the introduction. Zhang Wuniu, an artist in the Southern Song Dynasty, inherited the name of "earning drums" and called it earning, thus developing the forms of "pestering orders" and "pestering fights" and establishing the form of singing earning. The lyrics earned by singing are called earned words. Singing is a kind of folk art, which combines the scores of various schools. Its qupai includes not only artistic songs such as Slow Song, Broken Song and Daqu, but also popular songs of contemporary Han nationality and ethnic minorities, such as Singing, Daling, Fanqu and Shout.