How is a perianal abscess treated?

Abscess is a limited suppurative inflammation that occurs in a tissue or organ. The main manifestation is the dissolution and liquefaction of tissue, forming a cavity filled with pus. It is mostly secondary to various localized injuries and is often caused by pyogenic bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus. Aseptic subcutaneous abscesses can also be caused by the accidental leakage of certain irritating drugs (10% calcium chloride, 10% sodium chloride, etc.) under the skin. Abscesses can occur in any tissue and organ, often deep, shallow and acute and chronic.

Clinical manifestations of acute superficial abscesses are obvious. At the beginning of the disease localized diffuse swelling, pain and warmth; followed by the formation of a clear boundary of the solid foci, and later gradually become softer and fluctuating; finally, the center of the swelling part of the softening, thinning of the skin, hair loss, and soon the abscess broke out of yellow-white viscous pus. Deep abscess is only seen in the affected skin and subcutaneous tissue with slight inflammatory edema, and there is a painful reaction on palpation. In acute abscess formation, the dog may have mental instability, elevated body temperature and other systemic symptoms, to be quickly recovered after the abscess burst.

Chronic abscess occurs, develops slowly, the inflammatory reaction is slight, some of them are covered with a thick layer of abscess membrane, which is quite similar to fibroma; some of them are very thin, similar to cysts, with fluctuating sensation, and pus flows out after incision.

The principle of treating abscesses is that the initial stage is antibacterial and anti-inflammatory, promoting absorption and preventing suppuration; the later stage is to promote the maturation of abscesses, and timely incision and drainage of pus. Treatment, for hard solid swelling can be applied compound lead acetate powder, andrographolide powder, etc., or 0.5% procaine hydrochloride 20-30 ml, penicillin G 40-800,000 units in the lesion around the closure, in order to promote the absorption of inflammation. In order to promote the maturation of the abscess can be externally applied 10% ichthyol ointment, etc.. When the center of the abscess appears obvious fluctuation should be timely incision and drainage of pus, and use 3% hydrogen peroxide, 0.1% potassium permanganate or 0.1% ravnol liquid to flush the pus cavity, followed by loading gauze drainage or open therapy. If necessary with systemic therapy such as intramuscular antimicrobials and infusion.

It should be emphasized that the abscess should be allowed to drain on its own after incision, and it is not allowed to use cotton gauze to squeeze or wipe the pus cavity to prevent the granulation from being damaged and lead to metastasis of the abscess. If the abscess is not handled in time or at the right time, sometimes a long-lasting fistula can be formed, and some even cause septicemia and death.