Characteristics of Source Introduction of Minqin Minor Works (800 words)

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Minqin ditty is rich in tunes, including 100, which is beautiful and pleasant to listen to. Daobai mostly uses Minqin dialect, which is humorous and affectionate. The performance has the characteristics of jumping on the ground and social fire. The male horn jumps when singing and the female horn shakes when singing. Make good use of props such as fans and handkerchiefs to perform, which is also called "jumping on the ground". At first, only Xiao Sheng, Xiao Dan and the clown were called "three plays"; In the late Qing dynasty, it developed into a variety of businesses, such as living, Dan, Jing and ugly. Most clothes are simple because of ugliness, and they are changed into living clothes. However, there are certain regulations: men wear robes, short red or blue cotton-padded jackets, waistlines and skirts, and wear "cool shells" or "tassels". Officials wear embroidered robes of various colors and official hats. I wore a black or blue vest on my white coat. Lao Dan apron, green coat and bangs. Zheng Dan is wearing a red or green jacket, a flowered skirt and a bun. No, don't live. Rich people wear colorful flowers, a Zhao Jun skirt, and glistening temples with butterfly wings. Xiao Dan is like Zheng Dan, but he has a big braid behind him. The male horn often fans a handkerchief, while the female horn has it, and the hand is persistent, contrary to the male horn. Make-up is simple, there is no fixed spectrum, just a little powder.

There are many kinds of Minqin ditty dramas, and there are more than 50 kinds of artists handed down from generation to generation. Among them, such as hooping the horse pot, Kirin sending the child, Dabao Media, beating the lazy woman, and rocking the car with two melon seeds are all unique dramas. Plays excavated and arranged after the founding of the People's Republic of China, such as Noisy Library, Xia Chuan and Little Lonely Fairy, are still being staged today. The newly-edited drama "Zhou" has made a beneficial discussion on ditty script, music, performance, stage art and so on. The more influential drama clubs in Minqin ditty in Qing Dynasty are Hu Drama Club and Chen Yousheng Rong Youtang. During the Republic of China, there was Taihe Society (later changed to Shaanxi Opera).

Famous artists include Cao, Gao Peige, Zhou Yuwen, Tian Zhishu and Chen Shengzhi.

Minqin ditty features

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There are many unique ways to play.

Up to now, there are only more than 20 kinds of repertoires, among which "Two Melons Rocking the Car", "Beating a Lazy Woman", "The Dome Lamp for Fear of Wife" and "Complaining about Pollution Officials" are rare repertoires in the northwest. In particular, Erguazi Yaoche is completely different from Su Sanqi's national play, and it is listed as a representative work in Xiaoqu Opera in China Opera Records. First, there are many scenes. Except for the lost "Yuanyang Pu", "Wang Xiang Sleeping on the Ice" and "Moonlight Belt", almost all traditional operas are Sanqu, which is suitable for street performances in urban and rural areas, which is also the main reason for the wide spread of Xiaoqu Opera. Third, there are many people who are kind and upright. It is related to the promotion of feudal ethics. The traditional repertoire of Minqin ditty can be divided into three types. One is a ditty, the other is a duet, and the third is a tanci. Some ditties just talk and don't sing, such as "The Blind Look at the Lights"; Some just sing and don't talk, such as "Noisy Library"; More people sing and read, both of them. The duet is mostly sung by two people, and there are few chanting. Some tracks are not much different from ditty dramas, and their performances are similar, such as beating in-laws and transferring them to in-laws. Tanci is a long folk song with strong narrative, simple language and strong narrative. Most of them don't perform, only one or two actors perform (pull) and sing by themselves. Some have white mouths between them, and some are inserted in several boards or rhymes. Vertically and horizontally, Tanci is the embryonic form of Errentai, and Xiaoqu originated from Errentai.

Regional folk songs blend together.

The music of Minqin ditty is based on Minqin folk songs and folk songs in Hetao, Inner Mongolia, and absorbed the Han folk tunes brought by immigrants from Shanxi, Shaanxi, Zhejiang and other places, which belongs to the system that Quzika keeps falling out. After Hu Mei Opera was introduced into Minqin, its musical style was similar to that of Xiaoqu Opera in singing and musical form, so Hu Mei music was quickly absorbed into Minqin Xiaoqu Opera, which blended with each other and enriched the expressive force of Xiaoqu Opera. Up to now, only a few artists can tell which tunes originally came from Minqin ditty and which were later imported from Hu Mei, which is difficult for most artists and ordinary audiences to distinguish.

A trite theme

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The aria of Minqin ditty consists of three parts: tune, cavity and minor. There are sweet and bitter notes in the tune and soft and hard notes in the cavity. The minor is mainly folk songs, also called zaqu and Haruka. There are eight kinds of tunes, including two tones, four tones, positive four tones, flat four tones, six tones, rising tone, falling tone and falling tone. There are twelve kinds of cavities, including three, four, five, straight, tight, pull, thread, flower, fan, fast, slow and lining.

Intermittent music of Minqin ditty mostly follows the tunes of Shaanxi Opera and Hu Mei, such as Bapu, Shamao Wing, Gate and Small Gate. Also-some of them are adapted from folk songs, such as crying for land, spring outing, farewell to big brother and so on.

Minqin ditty is usually sung in its own voice (that is, the true voice), and some tunes such as Diao Yang and Huaqiang are sung in a combination of truth and falsehood. Many of them adopt the way of "closing the voice" (that is, supporting the voice) at the end or middle of the aria, which is unique.

The accompaniment of the band is divided into civil and military scenes. The main musical instruments in the field of literature are banhu, sanxian, erhu, flute and suona. The main musical instruments are banhu and sanxian. Martial arts instruments mainly include bangzi, four-page tile, flying son (ringing the bell) and so on. The musical instruments used in Xiaoqu were simple at first, and then gradually enriched. By the end of 1970s, dulcimer, suona and banhu had joined in the performance. Drums, small gongs, big gongs, cymbals, drums, hanging cymbals and so on.

The performance of Minqin ditty

The performance of Minqin ditty mostly went through the stages of cantata, sitting and colorful singing before it developed into a stall and stage performance. Minqin Xiaoqu was gradually formed as early as the establishment of Yuli County in the early Ming Dynasty. By the middle of the Ming Dynasty, people began to enter temples and became the main form of entertainment. At that time, ditty artists were called singers, pianists and artists. One person sings, and a dozen people have voices. The atmosphere is very warm. In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, Xiaoqu opera was put on the stage and performed a little drama with a story. During the Qianlong period, a number of "small singing parties" named after the Great Temple were established. During the Daoguang period, "Little Singing Club" was replaced by many home classes. These family classes, in addition to "pulling a small piece of land" with the social fire team, mainly sing concerts at temple fairs. At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, Xiaoqu could also perform on the same stage with Shaanxi Opera in the form of snow and snow. In the period of the Republic of China, Xiaoqu Opera lost to the Shaanxi Opera, and was basically driven off the stage and returned to the stall performance and the social fire team. Singing is the main feature of Quzi Opera, which is directly related to the script of Quzi Opera. Quzi Opera was originally a kind of rap literature. After it developed into a drama, although it changed the method of third-person narration in the past, the proportion of guest dialogue and action performance, except for a few dramas, still accounted for a small proportion. "Singing to the end" plays a large proportion, which has caused many difficulties and restrictions on the development of performance means other than singing, such as doing, reading, dancing and playing. In the performance of Quzi Opera, the program specification is not very strict, on the contrary, the action is closer to the prototype of life. Martial arts drama is almost equal to nothing, and several martial arts dramas, such as "Yang Bajie's Noisy Pavilion", are just a few strokes.

Minqin Xiaoqu Opera Troupe

Minqin Xiaoqu Class Club is regarded as the home club of Daoguang Hu. During the Tongzhi period, Chen You set up the "Rongyoutang", tried to sing in Xinjiang, and returned three years later, which has reached a certain scale. Later, the more influential troupe was the "German Society" established in the early years of the Republic of China. It sang Shaanxi opera, but its predecessor and Sheng Society sang ditty. In the Republic of China 14, with the support of Li Fugui, the squad leader of Wuwei Yonghe Society, Liu Guoshu invited famous artists such as Wang Dingzi, Zhang and Chen Laiji to be coaches, and recruited more than 0 fans such as Li Shide and Huang Gencheng to study drama. Part of the costume was rented from Huangcheng Palace, and part of it was donated by He Shengdang, a wealthy Minqin businessman, hence the name "Gonghe Shengshe".

Later, on the basis of the original class, Li Shide, an actor in the original Xiaoqu class, recruited young artists such as Cao, founded the "Dejun Society" and became the class leader. In the 18th year of the Republic of China, Tu Minqin, Ma Zhongying, some artists fled. From the 23 rd year of the Republic of China to the eve of the founding of the People's Republic of China, he performed on the same stage with Qin Heshu. In the twenty-seventh year of the Republic of China, Xin Ziping, an oriental music artist, came to the club, and Cao Congwu returned to his hometown to study art. Both of them performed new plays, which made the club more and more famous. Besides Li Shide and Chen Laiji, the main actors are Liu Zhankui, Mao Shoushan, Ma, Cao, Chen Yuaner and Yang Shengpei. On the eve of the founding of the People's Republic of China, the income dropped sharply, and people nicknamed it the "begging class". 195 1 year disintegrated.