Sorry, whisky, brandy, vodka, gin, etc. In foreign wine, what kind of wine do they belong to, and what is the difference from our white wine?

According to the production method, foreign wine can be divided into homemade wine (wine, beer) and distilled wine (whisky, brandy, vodka, gin, etc. ) and mixed wine (liqueur, Sydney, cocktails, etc. ).

The brewed wine is original juice wine, which is fermented and aged by grains/grapes.

Distilled liquor, also known as spirits, is a kind of liquor with high alcohol content, which is obtained by distillation with sugar, starch and fermented wine as raw materials. The process of distillation is divided into grain treatment, grinding, mashing, fermentation, distillation and aging.

Distilled liquor is usually made from grains, fruits and plants.

Mixed wine can be divided into aperitif, liqueur and liqueur.

For example, remy martin, Hennessy and Martell all belong to brandy, so it is called cognac because it is produced in the French cognac area. Brandy is a transliteration of English brandy, which is made from grapes by fermentation and distillation.

The royal solute is whiskey, which is an alcoholic beverage made from grains such as barley, rye, oats, wheat and corn by fermentation, distillation, aging and blending in oak barrels. The main producing countries are English-speaking countries.

Whiskey is written as "Whiskey" in Scotland and Canada, and "Whiskey" in America and Ireland. Usually brown or amber, with an alcohol content of 40? -43? , up to 60? . Because of the different grains, water quality and distillation methods used, the taste and color of whisky produced in different regions are also different. Usually, after whisky is bottled, the label of the bottle should indicate the shelf life of the bottle.

Whiskey is made from grains such as barley, wheat, oats, rye and corn. Selecting wheat, germinating, baking, mashing, fermenting, distilling, redistilling, aging, blending, re-aging and bottling.

Whisky is divided into raw materials: malt whisky; Grain whiskey; Whiskey blend.

By place of origin: Scotch whisky; Irish); Whiskey; Canadian whisky (Canada); American bourbon; Japanese whisky (Japan)

Vodka is usually divided into Russian vodka and Polish vodka. Russian vodka is mainly made of barley, wheat, oats and potatoes. Besides barley, wheat, oats and potatoes, the main raw materials of Polish vodka also contain many spices, such as some flowers, plants, roots and fruits. Neutral vodka is generally 40? Flavored vodka is usually at 60?

Tequila is now also translated into tequila. It is produced in Mexico and is made of tequila Trana. It takes about 12 years for this plant to grow and mature. It is mainly planted around the tequila town in Jalisco, western Mexico. Tequila can be divided into colorless and golden yellow, and its alcohol content is 38? Still 45? .

As early as17th century, in Barbados, an English immigrant who was proficient in distillation technology successfully distilled rum from sugarcane. It was called "rum gold bars" at that time. Rum originated in the Caribbean West Indies. Now, rum is made from sugarcane juice, honey, maple juice, syrup and other sugar by-products. The alcohol content of rum is generally 40?

Gin, also known as gin, originated in the Netherlands and once had a classic of "Dutch comfort". Jin Jiu is a kind of strong old wine obtained by fermentation and distillation, and the alcohol content after blending is generally around 40%. Gin is generally made of 75% corn, 15% barley and 10% other grains, and can also be made into gin with various flavors by adding syrup, oranges or mint.

The origin of gin is Holland; There is a story of "Consol of Holland". Gin usually made of corn, honey and grain.

strong drink

Dutch gin is characterized by barley as the main raw material, fragrant, spicy and sweet, with an alcohol content of 35? -45? , mainly suitable for pure drinking. The label of Dutch gin indicates that "Jonge" is new wine, "Oulde" is aged wine, and "Z Oulde" means aged wine.

Using melting as the main raw material is a special feature of Dutch gin, which is fragrant, spicy and sweet. The alcohol content is about 35 to 45 degrees, which is suitable for direct drinking. Jonge means new gin, Oulde means old gin, and Z Oulde means reserve gin.

London gin

London gin, often called London dry gin, takes corn as the main raw material, accounting for about 75%, and adds other grains to obtain spirits through continuous distillation. It has a light taste and is easily accepted by people. It is widely used as the base wine for pure drinks and cocktails.

London gin, also known as London dry gin, takes corn as the main raw material, accounting for about 75%. It is made by distillation for two or more times. It is tasteless and easy to drink, and people use it to make cocktails.

Beer is a kind of original juice wine, which is brewed into wine. Contains 17 essential amino acids and 12 vitamins. It is an alcoholic beverage, fermented with grains and flavored with hops. Among them, the beer produced by barley has the best taste.

Beer is a kind of raw juice brewed beverage, which contains 12 vitamins and 17 amino acids. Beer is first fermented to form grains, and then hops are added. Good beer is almost made of barley.

Material, the raw material of beer

Barley (malt), hops (hops), yeast (yeast) and water.

Beer brewing and fermentation steps

Selecting wheat, germinating, pulping, cooking, cooling, fermenting, aging, filtering, re-fermenting, aerating (bottling and ripening), sterilizing and packaging.

Selecting barley and allowing them to germinate, making the barley into slurry, boiling the slurry, cooling and fermenting, aging and leaching, fermenting again, ventilating and sterilizing, and packing.

Classification of beer types of beer

Color: 1, light beer (yellow, white); 2, strong color beer (black, brown)

According to color: background beer (yellow and white) dark beer (black and brown)

According to wort concentration: 1, low-concentration beer, the original wort concentration is 7%-8%, and the alcohol content is about 2%.

2. Medium-strong beer, the original wort concentration is 1 1%- 12%, and the alcohol content is 3. 1%-3.8%.

3. For high-concentration beer, the original wort concentration is 14%-20%, and the alcohol content is 4.9%-5.6%.

Accord to that content of the original extract

Display sterilization or not:

Beer is sterilized by pasteurization, that is, it is soaked or sprayed with hot water at 60-65 degrees Celsius for 20-60 minutes.

1, draft beer 2, cooked beer

According to whether beer has been pasteurized or not, it is divided into draft beer and pasteurized beer.

According to the fermentation form:

1, upper fermentation beer

Upper fermentation refers to the process of beer fermentation, in which the yeast floats and the fermentation temperature is high. Because burnt malt is mixed in the fermentation process, the beer produced is dark in color and high in alcohol content (generally around 4.5%). The main producing areas are Britain and Ireland. Ale is the general name for fermented beer in Britain. For example: Guinness.

2. Fermented beer.

Lower fermentation beer refers to the low temperature during beer fermentation, yeast precipitation in the later stage of fermentation, golden yellow wine, heavy taste and hops aroma. The raw materials are malt, hops and water, which are aged and precipitated after fermentation. The alcohol content is 4%, and the main producing areas are Germany, Japan and the United States. Lager beer is the general name of all fermented beer. For example: Baker's.

Aperitif (aperitif)

Aperitif, also known as "fortified wine", refers to a drink containing a small amount of alcohol as an appetizer or stomach stimulant before meals. Italian and French aperitifs are the most famous. With the development of society, aperitif also includes soft drinks such as sherry, absinthe and anise, white wine and even rose wine.

The aperitif is made of wine, spirits and roots, stems, flowers, leaves and buds of 40-50 kinds of plants. Generally divided into: 1, wine aperitif; 2, absinthe aperitif; 3. There are three kinds of fennel aperitif.

An aperitif, also called "fortified wine", refers to a small amount of alcohol in an appetizer or stomach stimulant. Italy and France are famous aperitif producing areas in the world. Appetizers include sherry, absinthe, white wine and even rose wine.

Wine aperitif (absinthe)

Wine aperitif, also called "absinthe", is mainly produced in Italy and France. Taste has dry type (dry absinthe or Seccd) and extra dry type (extra dry absinthe or blank absinthe; Blanco), sweetness and other flavors, common brands are: martini; Sinzano; Noise part, etc. Absinthe is made from grapes and mainly produced in Italy and France. Taste dry absinthe or Seccd alone, extra absinthe or blanc absinthe, sweet absinthe or rosso.

Absence aperitif (absinthe aperitif)

There are many kinds of common absinthe, such as Aperol, Campari and Dubonnet.

Usually, we can see many brands of absinthe, such as Aperol, Campari, Dubonnet and so on.

anise

Fennel aperitif was originally used to treat gastrointestinal pain. Common brands include Pernod Ricard and Three-step Card.

Star anise was originally a medicine for treat gastroenteritis. Usually we can see many different brands, such as Pernod Ricard, Ricky, Sambo and so on.

sweet wine

Sweet wine is made of grapes as the main raw material and brandy or edible alcohol is added in the production process.

There are many kinds of liqueurs, including: sherry; Port; Madeira); ; Malaga; Ma Sala.

Sweet wine is made from grapes with brandy or edible alcohol. Include sherry, port, madeira, malaga, Ma Sala, etc.

liqueur

Liqueur is also called liqueur. Usually drunk after meals, it can promote digestion. It uses edible alcohol and other distilled spirits as the main raw materials, with various flavors and seasonings. After saccharification, the alcohol content is generally 20? - 40? .

There are many common liqueurs, such as Cura? ao, Cointreau, Grand Maniye, Malinu, Karua, Tripsec and so on.

Liqueur, also known as "sweet wine after meals", is often drunk after meals to promote healthy digestion. Based on edible alcohol or other distilled spirits, other spices and herbs are added to sweeten it. The alcohol content is about 20 to 40 degrees.

Some edible grapes are red, but wine grapes are rarely red. Winemakers usually use white and black to describe the color of grapes. Black grapes can be used to make red wine and pink wine, while white wine is made from white grapes. Of course, white grapes and white wine are not really white, but some yellow-green in different degrees. Theoretically, red grapes can be used to make white wine, while white grapes cannot be used to make red wine.

In fact, the grapes that are usually eaten are red, but the grapes used for wine making are darker. Brewers always use white or black to express the color of wine grapes. Black grapes can be used to make red wine and rose wine. Used to make white wine and white grapes. Of course, white grapes and white wine are not just white; In fact, they have some yellow and green.

Theoretically, black grapes can also make white wine, but white grapes can't make red wine.

New world and old world:

At present, many countries in the world are producing high-quality wine. Generally speaking, we call traditional wine-making countries old world countries, all of which are European countries, while countries including the United States, Chile, Brazil and Argentina are called new world countries.

Nowadays, there are many countries that produce high-quality wine in the world. Usually, we classify all the traditional wine producing countries as "old world", which are all European countries. And other new wine producing areas are called "New World".

According to the regulations of the International Wine Organization, wine can only be a beverage obtained by completely or partially alcoholic fermentation of crushed or unbroken fresh grape fruit or juice, and its alcohol content should not be lower than 8.5; According to China's latest wine standard GB 15037-2006, wine is an alcoholic beverage with an alcohol content of not less than 7.0% made from fresh grapes or grape juice through complete or partial fermentation.

According to the color of wine, wine is divided into three categories: red wine, white wine and pink wine, and according to the sugar content of wine, it is divided into dry red wine, semi-dry red wine, semi-sweet red wine and sweet red wine. According to the pressure of carbon dioxide in wine, wine includes still wine, sparkling wine, fortified wine, grape sparkling wine and added wine. Different countries distinguish grades according to legislative provisions. Different countries are different. Some countries have no relevant legislation, such as China, and there is no hierarchy.

China liquor is made from starch-rich crops such as grains and potatoes through fermentation and distillation.

Generally, we can divide them into three categories according to the flavor type: mellow type, such as alcoholic liquor, and fragrant type, such as Wuliangye; Compound fragrance, such as jiannanchun.

The liquor of China Liquor is clear and transparent, pure in texture, non-turbid, rich in aroma, mellow and soft, with strong excitability, lingering fragrance after drinking and long aftertaste. It is produced in all regions of China, especially in Shanxi, Sichuan and Guizhou. Famous wines from different regions have their own unique styles.

China liquor evolved from yellow rice wine. Although distiller's yeast and medicinal liquor have been used to make wine in China, only low-alcohol yellow rice wine can be brewed before distiller appears. After the distiller appeared, the liquor brewed with distiller's yeast and medicinal liquor could be distilled to obtain distilled liquor with high alcohol content, namely China liquor.