Enlightenment of "Global Chengdu" on the Integration of Urban and Rural Economy and Society in China

I'm a big boy, too, brother. If you score more, I will give you my own contribution. Haha, I found it on Google.

On the Concept of "Global Chengdu"

On June 7, 2007, Chengdu was approved to set up a national pilot zone for urban and rural comprehensive reform. On July 19, Li, secretary of the Municipal Party Committee, put forward the new concept of "global Chengdu" for the first time on behalf of the Municipal Party Committee, that is, "we should use the concept of" global Chengdu "to implement urban and rural planning. Efforts will be made to build a modern metropolitan area of 1.24 million square kilometers, promote the integrated development of regional economy, politics, culture and social construction, promote the modernization of cities and rural areas as a whole, and strive to build a new urban form in which modern cities and rural areas are integrated, and historical culture and modern civilization complement each other. " Later, in the document "Opinions of Chengdu Municipal Committee and Chengdu Municipal People's Government on Promoting the Construction of the Experimental Zone for the Comprehensive Reform of Urban and Rural Areas", it was further clearly pointed out: "Using the concept of" Chengdu in the Whole Region "and the principle of" Three Concentrations ",efforts should be made to promote the integrated development of regional economic, political, cultural and social construction and further strengthen the organic connection between economic and social development planning, urban master planning and land use planning. We will improve the urban system, land use planning, overall planning of districts (cities) and counties, new community construction planning of villages and towns, urban comprehensive industrial system, transportation system and public service system planning, promote urban and rural modernization as a whole, and build a new urban form in which modern cities and rural areas live in harmony, history, culture and modern civilization complement each other. " It can be seen that the concept of "global Chengdu" is a new and very important strategic idea for Chengdu to devote itself to building a national pilot zone for comprehensive urban and rural reform.

The Basic Connotation of the Concept of "Global Chengdu"

"Chengdu" can be grasped from multiple meanings: geographically, it is the main part of Chengdu plain and is in the position of economic center; In the sense of administrative division, it is a sub-provincial administrative unit with an area of 1.24 million square kilometers and a population of 1.654.38+0 million. From the perspective of urbanism, its main urban area consists of five interrelated urban areas, the sub-urban area consists of four relatively independent urban areas, and the rest are county towns and their vast rural areas. Therefore, Chengdu has the characteristics of a big city with a big countryside. In a narrow sense, Chengdu only refers to the metropolitan area connected by five main urban areas. So, what is the concept of "global Chengdu" trying to explain? Literally, this is not a problem. Just like stepping on the border of Chengdu, whether it is rural or urban, prosperous or depressed, rich or poor, everyone will know that this is Chengdu in the sense of administrative division, but at the same time, everyone will understand that only the bustling metropolitan area is Chengdu in the subconscious. Under the background of coordinating urban and rural economic and social development, the concept of "global Chengdu" will make people change this subconscious. From Chengdu's description of the blueprint for the future, there are several meanings:

First, it is a new form of urban and rural areas, not the fragmented urban and rural areas or the dual social structure in the past. This new form is the harmony between urban and rural areas, and the historical culture and modern civilization complement each other, rather than the urban-rural relationship that is irrelevant or forms a huge contrast.

Second, the core value orientation that runs through this process is modernization, that is, modern cities and modern countryside. It is achieved through the integrated development of economy, politics, culture and social construction, and the overall promotion of modern cities and rural areas.

Third, its focus and foothold is to build Chengdu12,400 square kilometers into a modern metropolitan area. According to the author's understanding, the concept of "global Chengdu" pursues the realm of "equal Chengdu", that is, the benefits that people can enjoy in cities can also be enjoyed in rural areas. In other words, the whole area of Chengdu with a total modernization standard of 1.24 million square kilometers will be built, and the economic, political, cultural and social construction will be integrated into this metropolitan area to fully display the characteristics of modernization. Although there is still a distinction between cities and rural areas in this modern metropolitan area, cities are modern cities and rural areas are modern villages. There is no substantial difference between traditional society and modern society between urban and rural areas. The difference between urban and rural areas is only the difference in the spatial arrangement of various elements of modernization. In other words, "global Chengdu" is "global modernization". As a core element, modernization is reflected in the coordinated development of urban and rural economy, politics, culture and society.

The main content of the concept of "global Chengdu"

The formation of the concept of "global Chengdu" has experienced a process of continuous brewing and development. In August 2003, the 10th Party Congress of Chengdu put forward the strategic task that "accelerating urbanization is the theme of economic and social development in the new century and the only way to build a well-off society in an all-round way". In February of the following year, the Municipal Party Committee formally made a strategic plan of "coordinating urban and rural economic and social development and promoting urban-rural integration". Urban-rural integration is the abbreviation of "promoting urbanization with urban-rural integration as a whole". In the past three years, Chengdu has summed up the basic methods to promote urban-rural integration with "three concentrations" as the core, that is, in areas where conditions permit, actively promote the centralized development of regional industries, urban farmers and land scale management. In just three years, great achievements have been made in coordinating urban and rural economic and social development: the industrial concentration reached 60%, and the development of 20 concentrated areas began to take shape; 270,000 farmers live in towns and new rural communities, and farmers are concentrated in towns to form a gradient trend; The mutual benefit effect of land scale management is increasing day by day, and the transferred land is nearly 6.5438+0.6 million mu; The per capita net income of farmers is nearly 6,000 yuan, and the income gap between urban and rural residents has narrowed from 2.7 times in 2002 to 2.6 times. The standardization construction of rural primary and secondary schools has been fully completed, and the balanced development pattern of urban and rural education has taken shape; Public finance shines in rural areas, and social security and medical insurance achieve full coverage of urban and rural areas; Urban and rural planning is a chess game, transportation, water affairs and towns are integrated and merged, a management system of urban and rural docking is established, and the construction of grassroots democratic politics is promoted.

After Chengdu was approved as the national pilot zone for the comprehensive reform of urban and rural areas, after full demonstration, the target task of 20 17 was put forward. Its main indicators are: industrial concentration reaches 80%, urbanization rate reaches 70%, and land scale operation rate reaches 75%; The regional GDP exceeded 1 trillion yuan, the per capita income was 82,000 yuan, and the full-caliber fiscal revenue exceeded 300 billion yuan; The per capita net income of farmers increased by more than 10% annually, and the income ratio of urban and rural residents was reduced to 2: 1. In terms of the value orientation of the construction goal of the experimental area, the leading group of Chengdu kept a clear head and vowed to make the experimental area the largest project to benefit the people and the people, so that the achievements of the construction of the experimental area can benefit the majority of urban and rural residents. In this way, the concept of "global Chengdu" came into being, which requires decision makers at all levels to put more breakthroughs in the "short board" of coordinating urban and rural development when making plans, deploying work, evaluating indicators and weighing advantages and disadvantages. It is inconceivable to achieve the above indicators without eliminating the "short board" and promoting the urbanization of urban-rural integration as a whole. At present, the concept of "global Chengdu" is mainly embodied in these aspects:

The first is the "global coverage" of urban and rural planning. Chengdu pays special attention to the organic connection of economic and social development planning, urban master planning and land use planning. According to the future development orientation of international tourism hub city, southwest science and technology, finance, business center, transportation and communication hub and new industrial base, the urban pattern of coordinated development of large, medium and small cities and small towns is planned to be established, that is, 1 megacity, 8 medium-sized cities, 30 key towns, 60 new towns and 6,000 towns, and the industrial layout adheres to "one city, one town, three circles and six corridors". Modern industry will be developed in the suburbs, and modern agriculture will be developed in the outer suburbs. Then, rail transit, expressway and urban expressway will form their own industrial development zones, which will become the main carriers to promote the process of urban-rural integration.

Then there is the "global smoothness" of urban and rural transportation. Chengdu, located in the center of Chengdu Plain, has extensive road networks, but it is far from meeting the needs of urbanization, especially urban and rural development, which is mainly manifested in the lag of high-speed and large-capacity traffic between cities, regions and counties. According to the traffic concept formed by the concept of "Chengdu in the whole region", Chengdu traffic should focus on building "five networks", namely, rail transit network, city expressway network, city expressway network, central city expressway network and new city road network. Between the central city and the eight peripheral cities, a fast, large-capacity and multimodal transport corridor consisting of rail transit, expressway, urban free expressway and main roads with more than four lanes will be formed; 30 small cities and 60 new cities are connected with medium-sized cities in the region through main roads with more than four lanes. Generally, the design speed is 60- 100 km, mostly two-way six lanes. 13 urban expressway starts construction within two years. These hardware, coupled with the reform of urban and rural passenger transport management system software, realize the integration of urban and rural passenger transport, narrow the distance between urban and rural areas and further deepen the integration.

There is also the "global balance" of urban and rural social public services. Within the scope of the government's regulation of social undertakings, Chengdu has made great efforts to make up for the "shortcomings" left over from history as soon as possible and fully promote social welfare for all. Up to now, Chengdu has established a medical security system covering urban and rural areas and social unemployment, assistance, old-age care and subsistence allowances. For example, in cities and towns, the basic medical insurance for employees is the main body, supplemented by supplementary medical insurance, medical insurance for landless peasants, medical insurance for migrant workers and new rural cooperative medical care, children's medical mutual fund and basic medical insurance for urban residents, taking into account the medical needs of different levels, thus making Chengdu the first provincial capital city in China to achieve full coverage of the medical insurance system. The city has completed the standardization construction of 192 township public health centers, 1072 village health stations and 45 community health service centers, ensuring that farmers "stay in the village for minor illness and stay in the town for serious illness" from the service facilities. Educational equity is a symbol of social starting point equity. Chengdu strives to build a balanced public education system between urban and rural areas, and explicitly requires that the nine-year compulsory education in Chengdu be extended to 12 years. In terms of hardware facilities, 465,438+00 rural primary and secondary schools have been fully standardized. To optimize the allocation of urban and rural educational resources, we should pay more attention to the construction of "software", vigorously promote the flow of educational resources in "Chengdu", and especially guide the flow of high-quality educational resources to weak schools and weak areas. In order to realize the regional flow of teachers, teachers' management authority should be taken back to the district (city) and county education administrative departments, and "management without student status" should be implemented. Teachers are all changed from unit personnel to system personnel, unified appointment, unified management of personnel salaries, unified deployment of teachers, the implementation of "equal pay in the same city", and do everything possible to narrow the gap between urban and rural education.

The Application Value of the Concept of "Global Chengdu"

Chengdu Plain is a pioneer area with superior natural conditions and relatively developed economy in western China, which provides a good practical foundation for the application of the concept of "Chengdu in the whole region". However, the problems left over from the urban-rural division are still the same as those in the whole country. There is a huge contrast between industry and agriculture, between cities and rural areas, and between citizens and farmers in all aspects. The concept of "all-around Chengdu" has established a correct thinking for Chengdu to fully implement the Scientific Outlook on Development and coordinate urban and rural economic and social development, and has important practical value for guiding practice.

First, the concept of modern metropolitan area is extended from the former main city to the whole area of Chengdu12,400 square kilometers, thus greatly improving the quality of urban and rural planning. The concept of "global Chengdu" requires the implementation of the policy of urban-rural non-discrimination, the full coverage of urban and rural areas in the preparation of various plans, and the implementation of the standard of urban-rural non-discrimination in testing the achievements of economic, political, cultural and social development. But efforts should be made to make up for the huge differences in the formation of the dual social structure between urban and rural areas. In order to facilitate classified guidance and make public finance better tilt to relatively weak places, Chengdu divides all districts (cities) and counties under its jurisdiction into three circles: central city, near suburbs and outer suburbs. This is to give full play to the market, and at the same time, where the market power is not sufficient, it will get strong regulatory support from the government. In addition, Chengdu strongly supports the breaking of administrative divisions between districts (cities) and counties, and carries out in-depth cooperation by relying on industrial chains or urban traffic trunk lines to realize functional divisions within the whole region, laying the foundation for the formation of a new urban management system integrating urban and rural areas in the future.

The second is to position Chengdu's urbanization development as a new urban and rural form, and strive to create conditions for the barrier-free flow of market elements in Chengdu. Coordinating urban and rural development needs to break through the cage of urban-rural division, but this will not happen overnight. The establishment of a pilot zone for comprehensive reform of urban and rural areas is to make full use of the power of trying first and exploring universal experience for the whole country. How to make key elements such as land, talents and capital flow freely between urban and rural areas is a realistic problem. To solve this problem and show the real significance and charm of the experimental area, we need to emancipate our minds and break through many obstacles. As a positive result of thinking about the relationship between urban and rural areas, the concept of "global Chengdu" will provide a scientific thinking method for solving this difficult problem and formulating a series of brand-new policies and measures for urban and rural development and prosperity.

The third is to urge the government to adjust and control resources to the low level of "Chengdu in the whole region" and comprehensively enhance the sustainability of urban and rural development. It is an important content of "Chengdu in the whole region" to provide the government's social public services equally to all residents in Chengdu. There are many historical debts in rural social undertakings and social public services, and only the government can shoulder the responsibility of making up the historical debts as soon as possible. Providing urban and rural residents with basic social security and equal public services such as medical care and compulsory education, so that the fruits of social development can be shared by the whole people, is one of the essentials of building a harmonious society, and we must never repeat the old road of sacrificing rural decline for urban prosperity.

In a word, the concept of "global Chengdu" is a good proposition, and it is the overall plan for the overall development of urban and rural areas formed by Chengdu's comprehensive implementation of Scientific Outlook on Development and its own market conditions. It is very creative to focus on the scope of urban and rural master planning with "overall" thinking, which can contain very rich contents of urban and rural economic and social development, and all localities should further enrich and improve its connotation in practice.