Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Traditional festivals - What is the significance of information to news communication?
What is the significance of information to news communication?
What is the significance of news communication? Definition of news: News is the dissemination of recently changed facts. In the definition of news, communication mainly refers to "mass communication", that is, professional communicators transmit information to a few uncertain people through some modern media. Emphasize the objectivity of news and spread the facts of new changes.
What influence does new media have on news communication? The definition of new media is relatively broad, but now the influence of electronic media on news dissemination is as follows:
1. Although the core of news remains unchanged, the knowledge system of traditional news communication has to be reconstructed, especially the knowledge structure of traditional news communication is very different from the language, writing and wording of emerging media.
2. The professional position of the main body of news communication has been impacted, especially the traditional paper media has been affected by timeliness and human factors, and its position in the audience has declined. Because the newsprint media released by the new media in real time was published the next day, readers' interest was greatly reduced.
3. The mode of news dissemination has changed. Traditional paper media and TV have been transferred to mobile terminals, especially the rapid popularization of mobile phones and computers. News dissemination has been transferred to small terminals, and the speed of dissemination has been greatly improved.
The impact of new media on news communication should stand the test of time, and the changes in these three years have begun to be obvious, but whether this is a transition or promotion to traditional news communication depends on the development in the next three years.
Just as Lou said, compared with news dissemination, new media is really convenient, faster and richer in content, and at the same time, it increases the interaction between communicators and audiences ~
What are the negative effects of Weibo on news communication? At present, the information dissemination in Weibo has not really established an information supervision and screening system, and users in Weibo can still publish information at will. In terms of real-time interaction, speed is one of the advantages of news communication in Weibo. However, Weibo's writing requirements for publishers and Weibo's news release system make a lot of information released directly without supervision, screening and other audit procedures, and the authenticity of information is difficult to guarantee. When false information is paid a lot of attention and forwarded by netizens, it will greatly affect the public's judgment, thus affecting social stability.
What is the significance of graphic communication? The main function of graphics is to spread information. It carries information in a concise and intuitive image, which is convenient for identification, memory and influence. The information dissemination function of graphics has attracted the attention of designers and the public, and has become an important means for enterprises to explore the market and obtain economic benefits, and plays an important role in people's daily life. Therefore, the basic requirement of modern society for graphics is to see whether it can accurately convey the ideas that designers want to express, so that the audience can receive specific information at the first time and meet the aesthetic needs of the audience. The spread of graphics involves people's perception of the outside world, as well as the reception, analysis, induction, comparison, judgment, memory and feedback of image information. This is an interactive visual communication process from communication to feedback. The visual communication of graphics can also be understood as the communication of graphic visual information, which is a comprehensive subject that studies information media symbols, visual language and information reception and communication. It affects people's vision with graphics, characters and colors. And then the sensory effect obtained by visual perception stimulates psychological reaction, and finally realizes the function of information dissemination. Today, when the media industry is extremely developed, graphics play an important role in all kinds of modern media, even occupying a dominant position, which is more widely accepted by people of different cultural levels than language. Like Philip, an American graphic design theorist? Melos said: "If graphics have no symbolic or lexical meaning, it is no longer a visual communication, but an art." On the one hand, the spread of graphics makes people get a lot of information, which facilitates communication. At the same time, with its artistic orientation, it conveys various emotional, aesthetic and symbolic psychological meanings, thus constantly enriching people's perceptual experience and psychological feelings.
Since the birth of mankind, rich graphic information resources have been accumulated through various ways of inheritance and accumulation. In the initial stage of graphic development, graphics have the function of integrating various forms of information dissemination such as language, symbols, characters and paintings. , and bear the function of early information transmission, but also has the function of social governance and education. In modern society, developed communication makes graphic information fully integrated into human life. Almost everyone receives a lot of graphic information that breaks through the boundaries of different civilizations every day and enjoys the convenience of communication brought by graphics. At the same time, we should also see that the function of graphic communication exists in different periods of social development or different stages of development in the same period. People's understanding of it also shows diversity in different places and different times. Such as the "Twin Towers" in the United States, in "9? Before and after the "1 1" incident, its meaning is completely different.
With the rapid development of information technology, the characteristics of digitalization and informatization of graphics are becoming increasingly obvious, which meets the needs of convenient and fast barrier-free communication of human beings. In the long history of human development, there have been many graphics with * * * recognition, which laid the foundation for standardized signs, thus producing indicative graphic symbols in the fields of entertainment, transportation and safety, which are common in most countries in the world. For example, most traffic signs near expressway use graphic symbols, and rarely use words to describe them, because drivers can't see and read clearly when driving at high speed. At the same time, graphic symbols with international characteristics are beneficial to drivers identification in different countries and languages. As far as the effect of communication is concerned, because graphics are easier to identify and remember than words, people can easily identify from a distance, understand more accurately and quickly, and make quick responses.
What are the good schools for studying news communication? Zhejiang Media College is good, because it is good at this (if it is a candidate from Zhejiang, it can be considered).
The special significance of new media to China's news dissemination and the important role of media in the dissemination of scientific and technological culture "The so-called scientific and technological cultural dissemination refers to the process in which scientific and technological cultural knowledge and information spread across time and space, so that different individuals can enjoy knowledge, that is, scientific popularization in the traditional sense", which can also be called scientific dissemination or scientific and technological dissemination. As a communication process for ordinary people, its main function is to make the public understand science and technology, master the necessary scientific and technological knowledge, improve the scientific and technological literacy of the public, and have the knowledge base to participate in the discussion of scientific and technological development and application policies. Nowadays, the concept of scientific and cultural communication changes with the development of science and technology, the social function of science and the constant change of public image. Just as the famous media thinker McLuhan put forward the theory that media is information, the infiltration of media itself can be regarded as an act of scientific communication. In the past, our traditional way of popular science was linear and condescending one-way communication, but now it has gradually become a two-way communication and interaction between the public and scientists. With the intervention of new media, this kind of communication has made important changes in the operation mode of scientific and technological cultural communication. New media will inevitably become the main force of scientific and cultural communication, because it is a high-tech information carrier and has an unprecedented impact on people's lives.
I introduction and classification of new media
Compared with traditional media, new media is a new media form developed after newspapers, radio, television and other traditional media. It is a form of communication that uses digital technology and network technology to provide users with information and entertainment services through the Internet, wireless communication networks, satellites and terminals such as computers, mobile phones and digital televisions.
Compared with traditional media, new media has its own characteristics. The first characteristic of new media is its dissolving power-dissolving the boundaries between traditional media (TV, radio, newspaper, communication), dissolving the boundaries between countries, communities and industries, dissolving the boundaries between information senders and receivers, and so on. New media can really build relationships with the audience, and at the same time, it is interactive and cross-temporal. At the same time, new media has brought many new ideas and models to the media industry, and the specialization of programs has become stronger and stronger, and the seller's market has turned to the buyer's market. New media communication has four characteristics: everyone can carry out mass communication, information has nothing to do with meaning, the initiative of the audience is greatly strengthened, and mass communication is niche.
Research shows that the information release of new media is almost free for many audiences, which challenges the news production of traditional media. For example, the London bombing has put forward the trend of multimedia integration of new media. Citizens took photos with their mobile phones and reported the disaster scene on their friends' blogs in a way close to the scene photos. These photos quickly flowed into the headlines of major TV networks. In this report, mobile phones, blogs, the Internet and podcasts work closely together to firmly grasp the rights of the first time and the first scene. The combination of new media forms and media tools shows great power.
First of all, the new media is hidden, and the forms of new media are hidden in various spaces and objects in the daily environment, which minimizes the conflict with the audience and makes advertising and entertainment more closely combined.
Secondly, because of its diversity, it can more effectively target the consumer groups of products. In addition, some new media belong to the mainstream media, with high information dissemination rate, and can find everyone's separate time well. Through these fragmentary time, we can obtain a good environment that traditional advertising is difficult to obtain.
Finally, due to its high technology, the new media has a distinct personality of the times and a wide range of applications, which are suitable for different places and produce better visual effects. It's vivid.
Second, the change of advertising audience under the influence of new media environment.
Today, in the new media era, the audience's position in advertising communication has been upgraded as never before. Therefore, if enterprises want to be in an invincible position in the competition, they must study the advertising audience in the new media era, so as to formulate targeted marketing communication strategies. The rapid development of new media has affected the advertising audience in the following aspects:
(A) extensive changes in the advertising audience
With the support of new media technology, especially the development of search engines such as Baidu and Google, it is more convenient, targeted and planned for the audience to obtain advertising information. They can freely use RSS technology to customize personalized information and use search keywords to accurately filter information. Douban, youtube and other websites, some commodity forums, official website and QQ groups will also become channels for them to obtain commodity information. In short, their understanding of advertising information has reached an unprecedented level.
Gone are the days when hundreds of millions of people read a newspaper together. Today's audiences choose different media according to their hobbies, forming a relatively stable relationship. The diversification of audience's interests is not only closely related to their own interests,
Love and emotion are also needed.
For example, why do some social news, sports news, literary news and other content that is not closely related to the masses also have a certain audience? That's the reason. There is a "narrow" audience classification. It is also decentralized, diversified and anonymous, but at the same time it shows the same acceptance tendency in a certain respect, that is, choosing some information. Such as fans, fans, collectors, brokers, politicians, etc. Their concern and pursuit of information are related to the specific interests and needs of their respective groups. CCTV has integrated ten professional channels according to the audience. TV stations constantly subdivide TV content, from channels to columns to individual programs, to achieve simplicity, style and personalization, so that viewers can quickly identify and form the social consciousness of classified viewing groups. There are thousands of special newspapers in newspapers, such as sports, music, computers, entertainment and so on. The types are getting finer and finer, so that the audience can get what they need, and there are also demands for love and emotion.
Third, the development of network new media and its influence on society.
Internet is taking off at the fastest speed, and it is known as the most dazzling media in 2 1 century. The annual meeting of the United Nations Information Committee officially announced that the Internet is called the emerging fourth media after newspapers, radio and television. New media not only combines words, sounds, images and other forms, but also greatly enriches and develops. First of all, from the perspective of communication technology, various high-tech technologies with Internet technology as the core have given birth to online media and accompanied its growth. Without the global Internet, high-speed chips, rapidly expanding broadband, mature digital compression technology and storage and retrieval technology, there would be no fourth media.
Secondly, from the perspective of communication mode, the fourth media not only combines the advantages of various mass media in the past, but also has the characteristics that various mass media do not have, such as cross-time, retrievability, hypertext and interactivity. In the past, people could only read newspapers, listen to the radio and watch TV. Now, people can read books, listen to music and watch TV in front of the computer. Information of special interest can be downloaded, recorded and videotaped by clicking the mouse, and can also be stored, sorted, commented, copied and cut; And you can make phone calls and send messages freely, which is closer to natural interpersonal communication and greatly reduces the sense of communication distance brought by the media. Judging from the function of the fourth media, it can make information dissemination have the characteristics of high speed, high quality, excess, diversification, hyperspace and hypertext, which can be transmitted synchronously or asynchronously. Because of its appearance, it broke the limitation of traditional media by time and space and became acceptable at any time and place. Netizens can choose the reading direction and results through a large number of hypertext links on the Internet, and they can also freely query according to their own needs from the massive information stored on the Internet, thus completely changing the traditional reading mode. These are unmatched by traditional media. From the direction and mechanism of communication, the fourth media has broken through the previous one-way communication mode of mass media, which can make information communication have the characteristics of two-way communication. The three traditional media, no matter how diverse their forms, are only in one-way contact with the audience. The audience can only watch and listen, and communicate by phone at most, while netizens can communicate online and express their views and opinions. This interaction is one of the most unique features of the fourth media.
In addition, the fourth media has broken through the limitations of passive acceptance of letters by mass media and achieved audience-driven communication. Netizens will gradually dominate the information dissemination system, and network multimedia must do everything possible to focus on the needs of netizens. Therefore, some people proudly say that the fourth media has given netizens unprecedented initiative. Looking at the current network development, although it is still in the early embryonic stage, it takes time for the perfection, popularization and development of technology, and its impact on life is far less mature than when it first started.
Summary: Media has the advantages of both interpersonal media and mass media: completely personalized information can be transmitted to countless people almost at the same time; Every participant, whether publisher, disseminator or consumer, has equal and mutual control over the content. It also eliminates the shortcomings of interpersonal media and mass media: when communicators want to convey unique information to each recipient individually, they are no longer limited to only one person at a time; When communicators want to communicate with the public at the same time, it is no longer impossible to provide personalized content for each audience. At the same time, he pointed out that the new media depends entirely on technology, and technology is not an innate skill of human beings. The radiation influence of new media has covered almost every aspect of people's life and work in various forms, including mobile media, digital TV, mobile TV, broadband TV IPTV, animation, online games, blogs, outdoor new media and so on. With the innovative application of new technologies and the creative development of advertisers, the form of new media products will continue to develop.
What influence does news communication have on new media? 1. Compared with news communication,
2. It's really convenient and quick, and the content is richer.
3. At the same time, it increases the interaction between the communicator and the audience.
What policies are there to standardize TV news communication? 1. Modern technical situation of TV news.
With the overall progress of politics, economy, culture and technology, the existence and communication form of China TV news has been in line with the mainstream media in the world, and has made great progress since the launch of Beijing TV Station 1958. After experiencing the stages of black-and-white TV, color TV and three-dimensional TV news communication, "digital technology and satellite technology have brought earth-shaking changes to TV news communication", and domestic TV news communication has also ushered in a new historical period. The acceleration of mobility, integration and personalization is another important manifestation of the media development in China.
In this situation, there are three significant changes in the existing pattern of media: interactive communication represented by WeChat and Weibo has gradually become the mainstream mode of communication, the integration of traditional media and emerging media has accelerated, and new media has obvious technical attributes.
Television news spreads information quickly, and it uses sound, image, text and other media to spread quickly and directly. This is its basic feature, that is, it conveys a lot of rich and vivid information through multiple information symbols, such as the connection between the studio and the news scene, screen switching, animation demonstration and so on. Compared with traditional media, such as radio and newspapers, it has indeed achieved better publicity results. However, with the rapid development of internet information technology in recent years, the challenge of TV news programs is more obvious. According to a survey, with the further popularization of 4G networks and smart mobile terminals, the number of mobile Internet users in China has greatly increased in 20 14, which is expected to reach 550 million, and the Internet penetration rate has exceeded 50%. In their spare time, people may choose more mobile terminals such as smart phones and online texts to browse "fragmented short news" instead of time-consuming TV news. At the same time, people will also put forward new requirements for the content and expression of TV news-requiring compatibility with mobile news clients.
In addition, the relationship between TV news and audience has obvious boundaries between the disseminator and the disseminator. With the development of social economy, the progress of political civilization and the prominence of public expression consciousness, more and more ordinary people are concerned about the effectiveness of news and hope to participate in the discussion of news. At this point, the Internet and other new media with low cost, high efficiency and strong interactivity are more attractive. Faced with such challenges, if TV news wants to consolidate its media position and give full play to its advantages, it must combine the characteristics of the all-media era and the psychological and practical needs of the audience, open up new fields and new ideas, and truly "spread" on the basis of "editing and editing" in order to get the favor of modern audiences with constantly improving media literacy.
Second, accurate mobile communication: seize the personality of "customers"
Technology is changing the way people access information. An obvious fact is that if you want to pay attention to news, but don't have enough time to watch TV news, then mobile news client, Weibo WeChat client and mobile TV may become their first choice. Therefore, TV news programs also need to pay more attention to the characteristics of people who get information through these channels: using "fragmented time" and unlimited network. How to do it well? 1. TV news editors should be more concise. Take advantage of the fast spread of new media, edit and broadcast the news at the first time, and then follow up the report. 2. Pay more attention to the editing of text and the selection of pictures, and minimize the viewing time without affecting the quality of information dissemination. 3. Pay more attention to the cooperation between TV news and TV news mobile clients, and should not replace each other. On the one hand, the mobile client spreads faster, and it is easier and faster to receive readers' feedback, which provides a larger communication platform than TV news. TV news should stretch its tentacles, make use of this feature of mobile client, adjust news editing and editing in time, "pull" feedback information into the studio, and spread information truly and completely at the same time. On the other hand, TV news should make use of its advantages of short time and rich content to make news more stereoscopic and obtain better communication effect.
Third, multi-dimensional communicators: interaction with "screen outsiders"
The communicator here is a multi-level entity concept, which refers not only to the media platform for disseminating information, but also to the organizations and individuals involved outside the media. Because of the strict limitation of broadcast time, TV news programs basically output information in one direction. However, after meeting the needs of daily life, people have more energy to enjoy spiritual life and care about social dynamics, national dynamics and international hotspots; At the same time, the introduction and adjustment of policies to benefit the people in many countries are also more widely and vividly conveyed through TV news, and the content of TV news programs is more and more related to people's lives. Paying more attention to news in time and interpreting news in depth are important ways to help people get useful information. In an era when "micro-communication" has greatly changed the communication ecology and public opinion pattern in China, TV news must take good care of this new "distribution center", find the hot spots of the "micro-communication" distribution center efficiently, feed back information in time, and quickly adjust the news perspective, so as to make news facts and public opinion closer to people's actual cognition, thus enhancing the reliability and guidance of its own communication.
For example, when two American F- 18 planes landed at Taiwan airport in April, 20 15, CCTV4 news program not only had studio pictures and airport pictures, but also invited many experts in related fields to give professional explanations on the spot, so that the audience had a comprehensive and profound understanding of this incident and similar events in the past; At the same time, the host also selected some netizens' questions and opinions about this incident from Weibo and WeChat clients, and put these questions to the experts in the studio and got a response. This makes this program a rich, professional and equal interactive platform: there are reports, comments and exchanges with the audience, which is of great significance.
Especially in front of the audience First, make full use of the advantages of the network to facilitate multi-party communication at the same time, integrate the opinions of netizens into TV news programs, so that their questions can be answered and form a benign interaction; Second, the choice of these netizens to leave messages on the program fully shows their concern and professionalism about these events, and also shows the professionalism of some netizens in China, which indirectly leads the value orientation of online comments and plays a positive role. Third, experts' answers to netizens' questions will be more targeted, and the language expression will be more civilian and visual, which will help the audience in front of the TV to understand and understand "frontier issues" such as military, politics and diplomacy, attract more people's attention to such events, form a virtuous circle, and achieve the purpose of communication beyond expectations.
Fourth, omniscient dissemination of facts: the editing and presentation of stories.
Holism is a literary creation method, which is embodied in "the narrator knows everything". In fact, it is a general term for multi-perspective, integrity and credibility. There is no doubt that news should be spread objectively, truly and timely, but this does not prevent news from being edited at multiple levels and in all directions by using appropriate narrative techniques. The ups and downs of the plot and touching details will undoubtedly attract the attention of the audience to a greater extent and achieve better communication results. For example, showing the occurrence and detection of a case can be introduced by showing pictures of the scene, and then the host will explain the overall situation of the case, and then enter the detection process of the case, which is the main body of the news. With the cooperation of the interview pictures and voiceover explanations of the police and insiders handling the case, rich and real events can be restored; Pay attention to the display of details (but avoid too cruel pictures, avoid too detailed explanation of the criminal process and methods and lead to imitation of crimes), and pay attention to showing the courage and wisdom of the police handling the case. In this process, we should avoid mystifying. The narration of the parties will be more attractive and more likely to cause * * *, and their interviews will be used as material one by one, while the voice-over will play the role of series and explanation, so that the whole interview will form a complete news. Of course, after closing the case, the host should remind the audience appropriately in combination with the case and similar events to play a role in publicity and education. The characteristics of news require it to be true and objective. Integrating artistic techniques into practical narrative will not change this feature, but will achieve better communication effect and greatly enrich the audience's understanding of TV news. Television news should also make better use of its advantages of integrating sound, painting and characters, so as to make the whole news three-dimensional and become a means of communication, and at the same time let the audience enjoy it. Similarly, this narrative method is suitable for social news, historical news, breaking news and so on.
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