What is the prospect of soilless planting?

What is the prospect of soilless planting? 1, used to produce out-of-season and high-grade horticultural products: At present, most countries use soilless culture to produce clean, high-quality, high-grade, fresh and high-yield vegetable products, which are mostly used for out-of-season and long-season cultivation. For example, in recent years, soilless culture technology has played a great role in the process of muskmelon moving eastward and southward. Adopting special equipment and organic substrate cultivation technology provides an effective way for melon cultivation in southern China, and the economic benefits are considerable in early spring and autumn and winter. In addition, soilless culture can also be used for flowers, mostly for cutting flowers and herbaceous woody flowers for potted flowers, with large flowers, bright colors, long flowering period and strong fragrance, which are especially popular in families, hotels and other places. In addition, herbal cultivation and soilless cultivation of edible fungi have the same effect.

2. Production of crops such as deserts, wasteland, reefs and saline-alkali land. Soilless culture can be used to produce vegetables and flowers on a large scale in barren land that is not suitable for soil cultivation, such as thin beach, saline-alkali land, desert, reef island, south and north poles. , the effect is good. In China, it is directly related to national security and economic security, which is of great significance. For example, the Northwest Horticultural Crops Soilless Culture Center in Turpan, Xinjiang has built a 1 12 solar greenhouse on the Gobi Desert, with an area of 34.2hm2. Vegetable crops are cultivated on sand substrates, and the products are sold to domestic and foreign markets, which has achieved good economic and social benefits.

3. Application in protected horticulture: As an effective way to solve the obstacles of continuous cropping in greenhouse and other protected horticulture, soilless culture technology has been widely used in all countries of the world. Today, with the rapid development of protected horticulture in China, it has more important significance. With 900,000 hectares of greenhouses, China is the largest protected horticulture country in the world. However, due to long-term soil cultivation, the obstacle of continuous cropping is becoming more and more serious, which directly affects the production efficiency and sustainable development of protected horticulture. Various forms of soilless culture suitable for national conditions have played an important role in solving the obstacles of continuous cropping in protected horticulture and provided technical support for the sustainable development of protected horticulture.

4. Application in family: Using soilless culture to grow flowers and vegetables in your own courtyard, balcony and roof is not only entertaining, but also has certain ornamental and edible value. It is simple to operate, clean and sanitary, and can beautify the environment.

5. Application in space agriculture: With the development of space industry and the needs of human life in space, soilless cultivation of green plants in space can be said to be the most effective way to produce food. The research and application of soilless culture technology plays an important role in space agriculture. For example, the Kennedy Space Center in the United States has done a lot of research and application work in the production of food needed by astronauts in space by soilless culture. Some food crops and vegetable crops have been successfully cultivated and achieved good results.

How to plant wheat straw without soil;

Soak wheat seeds in cold water for about 6? To 10? Hours, promote the rapid germination of wheat. In summer, the soaking time can be reduced to avoid soaking rotten bacteria for a long time, and in winter, the soaking time can be prolonged. The optimum temperature for germination is about 20 degrees Celsius at room temperature, and it will be slow if the room temperature is too low. Does the temperature exceed 29 in summer? When the temperature is Celsius, it should be placed in a cool place to prevent the temperature from being too high and the wheat seeds from rotting.

Soak the seeds for about 6 times? To 10? Rinse with water after hours, drain the water, take a flat-bottomed through-hole plate, first spread a piece of cloth on the bottom of the plate (any cloth can be used, and the old clothes and cloth to be eliminated can also be used once, only for replenishing water for seeds), and then spread a layer of white crepe paper or cheap paper towels on the cloth (the quality of paper is not high, and the water absorption is good, but newspapers or mimeographed paper must not be used).

Then spread the germinated wheat seedlings evenly on the paved paper, then spread a thin paper towel and spray it evenly with a watering can until the cloth at the bottom is impermeable. Put it in a sheltered place and spray it with a watering can several times a day.

On the third day, the top paper should not be directly exposed to the strong sunlight for too long, but should be moved to a place with indirect sunlight. In the rainy season, ordinary fluorescent lamps can be used instead of sunlight, and water can be sprinkled several times a day to keep wheat seedlings and roots moderately moist. You can harvest in two days.

What is the prospect of land circulation planting? It's good to see something.

What is the planting prospect of seedless pomegranate? Seedless pomegranate is a development direction of pomegranate planting, and its prospect is promising.

What is the planting prospect of Poria cocos? Poria cocos is a precious Chinese herbal medicine in China, and it is known as the "silver" of traditional Chinese medicine. For a long time, Poria cocos has been planted in "wooden pits". Producing 20,000 tons of Poria cocos every year consumes a lot of pine trees, and pine trees 1000 million cubic meters every year, which leads to the gradual depletion of pine resources and the contradiction between fungi and materials. The ecological vegetation in Poria cocos production area has been seriously damaged, and the development of Poria cocos industry is restricted by the local area. The pine raw materials used to cultivate Poria cocos are seriously insufficient, which leads to a sharp drop in Poria cocos output. Practice has proved that planting Poria cocos with pine stumps is simple in operation, stable in yield, time-saving, labor-saving and plant-saving, which can not only save pine trees, but also help farmers get rich by obtaining expensive medicinal Poria cocos, and also turn abandoned pine stumps into fertilizers, making full use of land and forest resources. This is a multi-purpose forest product development project.

1. Benefit analysis: (Take planting 2,000 pine trees with a diameter of 20 cm as an example) Input: 800 bags of special production strains for pine trees ×3 yuan = 2,400 yuan per bag, 200 yuan covered with plastic film with Poria cocos, and 400 yuan New Ant Star mixed with termite powder, totaling 3,000 yuan. Income: The cultivation observation of Ningdu Poria cocos Development Research Institute for more than three years shows that a pine stump with a diameter of 20 cm is generally harvested. After 7 ~ 12 months of cultivation, if it is completely harvested, the average fresh poria cocos can be harvested about 8 kg per plant. The larger the diameter of the stump, the higher the output and the greater the profit. At present, the lowest price of qualified fresh and wet poria cocos is 1.6 yuan/kg, and the income is 2000×8kg/× 1.6 yuan/kg = 25,600 yuan. Gross profit: 25,600 yuan ~ 3,000 yuan = 22,600 yuan.

2. Key points of cultivation techniques: ① Selection of pine stumps. Pine stumps with a diameter of more than 1.5 cm cut down from spring to winter every year can be used to grow poria cocos.

(2) Stump treatment before planting. Use a knife to peel off the rough skin on the fresh and oily stump, and let the sun exposure accelerate the drying of the pine stump.

③ Planting season. According to the physiological requirements and climatic characteristics of Poria cocos, Poria cocos can be planted on sunny days from March to August every year.

④ Selection of Poria cocos strains. The quality of strains is the key to the success or failure of planting and yield. Practice has proved that the special new variety "Yan Ning 1" can be used for simple and high-yield cultivation of Poria cocos. Because it doesn't "run the roots" and pine roots don't need to be cut off, it is easy to plant, saves labor, has high yield and good benefits, and is deeply welcomed by farmers.

⑤ Inoculation. 70% to 80% of the dry pine trees are cleaned with an axe, the pine trees are cut into new incisions, and then about 300g of Poria cocos strains without bags are pasted on the new incisions, and covered with plastic film, and the film is covered with 7 7- 10/0cm thick soil. The bigger the stump, the higher the inoculation amount.

⑥ Management. Poria cocos began to form at the roots about 80 days after cultivation. When Poria cocos was unearthed, it should have been dug and covered. In case of heavy rain, check whether the covering soil is washed away by rain and whether there is water around it, and eliminate the water in time to avoid rot.

⑦ Termite control. The main reason for the reduction of poria cocos production is that termites invade the stump. Before planting, efficient attractants should be used to kill termite nests. When termites are found to be harmful, efficient bio-organic pesticides should be used to kill ant nova in time.

8 harvesting and selling. Fresh Polyporus umbellatus can be harvested 7 ~ 12 months after planting. When picking Poria cocos, it is necessary to dig lightly and carefully to prevent Poria cocos from being broken, so as not to affect the processing grade of products and the price of fresh Poria cocos.

What is the planting prospect of Toona sinensis? Toona sinensis is also known as Toona sinensis, Toona sinensis tree and Toona sinensis bud. Native to Central China, it belongs to Toona of Meliaceae. At present, the market demand of Toona sinensis buds is increasing year by year. Toona sinensis seed oil has high nutritional value. After a lot of experiments, the debittering process of Toona sinensis seed oil is mature, and it is fully capable of developing Toona sinensis edible oil. In addition, Toona sinensis wood can also be used to make all kinds of high-grade furniture, sports equipment and ship materials. Its bark fiber can be used for papermaking and fruit can be used as medicine.

I. Cultivation techniques

Variety: There are about ten cultivated varieties of Toona sinensis in China, which can be roughly divided into two series: Toona sinensis and Toona sinensis. As woody vegetables, it is best to choose Toona sinensis series, such as Toona sinensis, Toona sinensis brown, Toona sinensis black, Toona sinensis red, red bud green and other varieties. Green Toona series, with straight trunk, is suitable as a fast-growing timber tree species.

Seed collection: Toona sinensis blooms from May to June, and the fruit ripens in June10-1. When the fruit is ripe, it is reddish brown. At this time, you can take the fruit to collect seeds. We should choose 15-30-year-old tall and strong mother trees for seed collection. The 1000-grain weight of the washed seeds after air drying is 15g, and the germination rate is 40-50%.

Seedling raising: Sow seedlings in February and March, soak seeds in warm water to accelerate germination. Sowing 3 kg per mu can produce seedlings 10000- 15000 plants. The method of burying roots and leaving roots can be used to raise seedlings, and about 20 thousand seedlings can be produced per mu. When the height of 1 year-old seedlings exceeds 1 m, they can be planted in the nursery. In addition, rootstock seedlings can also be used for afforestation. When farmers are greening around, they often dig out the roots and tillers next to big trees for cultivation, and the survival rate is very high.

Afforestation: large hole soil preparation, 50×50×50 cm, bare-rooted seedlings, afforestation in early spring. The initial planting density of timber forest is 2-3 meters; The initial planting density of vegetable forest is 240-300 plants per mu.

Management: Young forest should be weeded and loosened 1-2 times. Vegetable forest should be dwarfed and pruned to promote branch germination. Because Toona sinensis grows fast, it will be dwarfed in the same year of planting. The height of the tree can be kept at about 1 m by picking. Toona sinensis buds can be harvested in the second year of planting, and a certain yield can be formed after 3 years. Generally, each plant can produce about 3 kilograms of fresh Toona sinensis buds every year. After 5 years, the plants can be leveled in turn, each time 1/3, leaving 30 cm stumps to promote the growth of more budding branches. For vegetable Toona sinensis forest, apply 3-4 tons of wood per mu every year, and apply mixed fertilizer after picking Toona sinensis buds every time to ensure the nutrient demand of Toona sinensis and produce high-quality Toona sinensis buds.

Greenhouse cultivation: in the middle of June 5438+1 October, the defoliated seedlings of1year were dug up and transplanted into the greenhouse with a planting density of 0.2× 0.4m, and 75,000 plants could be planted per hectare of greenhouse production land. Cultivation of Toona sinensis in greenhouse can ensure the large-scale production of Toona sinensis buds with good quality, but the management requirements are also improved accordingly.

Second, the harvesting technology of Toona sinensis buds

Harvest time: Toona sinensis buds are picked too early and the yield is low; Picking is too late and the quality is poor. The first bud, that is, the bud sprouting earliest at the top of the branch, should be harvested at 12- 15 cm, which is the top grade of Toona sinensis bud with good quality and color. The second bud, that is, the lateral bud that germinates and grows after the first bud is harvested, can be harvested at about 20cm. It is not suitable for pruning at this time, and 2-3 leaves should be left at the base to form auxiliary branches and restore the tree. The focus of Toona sinensis bud harvesting is the first bud and the second bud, and the third and subsequent buds have low yield and poor quality. Buds germinate regularly in the greenhouse, and can be collected once every 10 day, 4-5 times.

Harvesting method: It is best to harvest Toona sinensis buds with scissors, and try to avoid distinguishing falling objects by hand, so as not to damage branches and affect re-germination. The collected Toona sinensis buds are bundled and packed in small bags to prevent wilting. If it can't be put on the market immediately, the buds can be soaked in clean water for 12 hours, then placed on a wooden frame in a single layer and stored at 0- 10℃ for several days.

What is the planting prospect of Bletilla striata?

1, resource output. Bletilla striata, also known as Gangen, Baigen, Baiwuertou, Yangjiaoqi, etc. It is an orchid plant. Bletilla striata tuber is irregular, oblate, with 2~3 claw-like branches, and its surface is yellowish white or grayish white, which is a rare species. In China, it is mainly distributed in Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guangxi, Zhejiang and other places, and mainly produced in Sichuan, Yunnan and Guizhou. Detailed origin: Xichang, Sichuan, such as Muli Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, the main distribution center is the Lotus Pond Medicine Market in Chengdu, Sichuan; Wenshan, Simao, Lijiang and Chuxiong in Yunnan; Dushan, Zunyi, Anshun and other places in Guizhou; Huaihua, Hunan, Enshi, Hubei, Hanzhong, Shangluo, Shaanxi, Funiu Mountain, Henan and other places also provide goods for the market, but the quantity is very small. Bletilla striata grows in the cool place of warm and humid valleys or mountains, and its growth period is long. Once overexploited, it will take a long time to restore production. In recent years, with a large number of people's excavation, the distribution of Bletilla striata has declined sharply, which makes the resources of Bletilla striata seriously insufficient and the output gradually decreases. At present, the supply of Bletilla striata in the market is extremely scarce, and the medicinal materials are much smaller and larger, with high moisture and poor quality. The place of excavation is getting farther and farther, and the difficulty of excavation is getting bigger and bigger. The number of diggers is decreasing year by year, and the cost is increasing. Tracing back to the source, I know that the volume of goods this year is far less than last year, and the gradual increase in the price of Bletilla striata is also the general trend.

2. The social stock of Bletilla striata. Although cities are mainly concentrated in July ~ 10, in fact, Bletilla striata can be mined at other times except in winter, which makes it impossible for many people to hoard this goods. Even if it is hoarding, merchants will consider the cost, because once hoarding is put into storage, its storage cost will increase with the passage of time, and the cost will naturally rise. If the price increase is not large enough to make a profit, naturally no one will be willing to hoard it. A few years ago, due to the shortage of funds in the pharmaceutical sector, the acquisition of Bletilla striata was neglected, resulting in a decline in the stock of Bletilla striata. When manufacturers need large goods, there are often no goods in the market, and sometimes there will be an abnormal phenomenon of "no goods at a price" in the market. At present, the social stock of Bletilla striata is relatively weak. With the rising demand, the contradiction between supply and demand will inevitably lead to the price increase of Bletilla striata.

3. Market demand. Cold, bitter and dry, it has the functions of convergence, hemostasis, detumescence and granulation. It is a good medicine for treating stomach diseases. For example, the "Fast Stomach Tablet", which is popular and widely taken by patients, is the largest variety with Bletilla striata as raw material. The "Bletilla granules" and oral liquid produced by Bletilla striata alone have obvious curative effect, and there is a good market after listing, and the demand of manufacturers for Bletilla striata is correspondingly large every year. Bletilla striata is widely used as an adhesive in industrial production besides treating stomach diseases. For example, the production of rolled tobacco, the head of rolled tobacco is made of bletilla striata, and the adhesive for calligraphy and painting is also made of bletilla striata. In addition, Bletilla striata polysaccharide gum can also be used in daily chemical products to replace chemical thickeners, which has the functions of reducing sex, protecting face plate and delaying aging. With the deepening of research, development and utilization, the application scope of Bletilla striata is more and more extensive, resulting in an increasing demand for Bletilla striata. According to 20 14 statistics, the domestic annual consumption can reach thousands of tons.

What is the prospect of planting baiji? Bletilla striata has a wide range of medicinal and garden values. Mainly used for hemostasis, detumescence and granulation. Flowers are purple, white, blue, yellow, pink, etc. They can be potted indoors and decorated in secluded flower stands, flower borders or courtyard corners.

What is the prospect of gourd planting? Looking at orders, order planting is generally the choice of people who have just started to plant gourds. If there is no order, large-scale planting is not recommended, because there is no market demand and it will fail. ...

Liaocheng, Shandong Province is the producing area of calabash. Generally, there are merchants placing orders. They are very cooperative. ...

In addition, the gourd depends on the variety and quality. In fact, domestic guarantees have made many growers export. ...

According to experts, castor oil is an important industrial raw material, and castor oil is not only widely used in fine chemicals.

Fields, but also gradually extended to food, energy, environment, medicine and other high-tech fields. At present, the output of castor seeds in China is only

There are 200,000-300,000 tons, and the market gap is about 700,000-800,000 tons, which is difficult to meet the growing domestic and international markets.

Demand.

Practice has proved that planting castor has the advantages of small investment, quick effect, high benefit and low risk, which is beneficial for farmers to get rid of poverty and become rich.

Project. Castor has strong growth adaptability, barren tolerance, salt tolerance, extensive management and full benefits.

Castor is planted in the open space in front of and behind the house, at the edge of Tiantougou, on the barren slope at the foot of the mountain, on the beach and wasteland with thick soil layer. each

The dosage of seeds per hectare is 20 kg, and the investment is about 700 yuan, which can produce about 2300 kg of castor seeds with a yield of 1 kg.

The purchase price is 2-2 5 yuan, and the income per hectare is more than 5,500 yuan. It is better to plant castor than corn, rice and soybean.

High income.

At present, castor beans in our province are mostly planted sporadically, but rarely on a large scale. If we can catch this upset, we should do it as soon as possible.

The development is very rich.