Proverbs in Agriculture

Proverbs are crystallized by the people in their long-term production and living practices, and they are a special language full of life interest and rich in philosophy. Collecting and savoring these proverbs can inspire and benefit a lot. Below, I have organized the proverbs of farming for you, welcome to read.

Leiyang is an important birthplace of Chinese farming culture, thousands of years, the hardworking and simple Leiyang people, sunrise to work, sunset to rest, hard work in this land, formed their own dialect characteristics, leaving a lot of proverbs, sayings, slang. Carefully collect and organize the crystallization of the language of these working people, from which you can find a lot of Leiyang farming customs.

? The first day of spring is clear, and the farmer does not exert himself. ? The weather is clear on the first day of spring, and the harvest is good. The Leiyang dialect, ? The first time I've seen this, I've seen it in the past. The first day of spring is the first day of the first month of the lunar calendar, which is also the time of the New Year. Temperatures rose a little to 10? above, the rain increased, the soil thawed, the snow melted, everything began to recover. At this time, just poking his head out of the willow buds, tender green and soft, the soil jumped out of the grass, bringing a faction of? Spring is on earth, grass and trees know? The scenery. When the north is still frozen, the spring plowing season in southern Hunan is coming. Leiyang people attach the greatest importance to the cattle spring, in the spring this day, the cattle to the field, firecrackers, burning money paper, but also red paper wrapped in money paper inserted in the field, so that the water buffalo plowing three circles, square counting the completion of the spring. After the spring, it means that spring is coming and you can plow the field. The weather is sunny on the day of spring, which is an omen of a good year and a good harvest. From these two slang, we can see that folk taboo spring day rain, and even snow.

? Tongzi tree blossomed dip grain seed. ? Tongzi tree blossomed, no frost and snow, this time to dip the grain seed, will not rot the seed. In the old days, Leiyang generally only planted a season of rice, the county generally planted indica rice varieties, water conditions are very poor, spreading rice season late, widely popular seedling folk proverb: "Poor people do not rely on the rich lie, the spring is not a good idea. Poor people do not rely on the rich lie, less than the spring equinox (March 20 or 21) does not seed? It means that only in the middle of March did they start to plant seedlings. The dill field dill to the end of the sun, cut the harvest cut to the sun? This is the reason. From 1958 onwards, it was changed to double-season rice. After inserting the early rice for May 1, after inserting the late rice for August 1. This will be the early rice dip grain seeding time in advance. Leiyang farmers in order to catch up with the season, in the rice field smoke fire, raise the temperature, the results found not work, and finally figured out the film seedling, which solved the problem. Seedling is divided into three stages: one is timely seed dipping, take warm water to break the chest, germination, germination. Secondly, the grain seed drop mud, the first few days of shallow water, the water does not soak the buds, to wait until the seedlings green before slowly adding water, at most cover the root and stem on the line. Third, careful management, into seedlings, lifting the film, sun, rain dew, in addition to weeds. It is said:? Thunder in January, February rain does not stop, March car car water, April seedlings over the festival? The season is very critical, missed it can not be compensated.

Speaking of dill, Leiyang has two proverbs:? The first one is that the first one is the one with the most important thing to do, and the second one is that the second one is the one with the most important thing to do. The first one is that the woman is afraid of being born, and the man is afraid of going backwards. The first sentence, reminding people to dill the field, should be the day of the best rake the field, not the first day of the rake, the day of the rake, mud water can be the seedling root fixed. The second sentence shows that dill field is hard work. In the past, in addition to food and drink, every day when the work, but also take four duck eggs home to compensate for the day's labor. The hardest part of dill field is to hit the boughs, which is a technical work. No matter how big the field, in the field at one end of the inserted pole, the opposite side also inserted a pole, two points of a line, farmers aiming at the pole backward dill field, straight and horizontal are aligned, root and stem of the alignment of the opposite side of the pole, even if the boughs hit the straight.

? Spring is the time to fight, summer is the day to fight. Next, into the field management period. This period is very busy, water management, fertilizer, pest control, weed verification, have to worry about. Water management is a delicate matter, rooting and stabilization period, rooting period, rooting period, pulling rod growth period, flowering and tasseling period, fruiting and irrigation period, as well as waiting for the harvest period, different periods of time, the depth of the water 'varies. There are two types of fertilizers, one is human and animal manure, and the other is the application of chemical fertilizers. Pests are managed, mainly locusts, moths, and rice lice. Leiyang crop pests and diseases, according to historical records? Qing Xianfeng two years (1852), the grass withered and yellow as fire, loss of harvest seven of eight, people starving, starving people. Republic of China in 1931 to 1935, the county continuous occurrence of locusts, the harm is very strong. The county government can not do anything, just make the county people spring catch, and will capture the locusts to the provincial Changsha locust Bureau, on how much to catch the insects to receive a reward. Republic of China in 36 years, Leiyang locust plague is serious, as one of the province's 23 counties borer area, the national government aftermath of the Relief General Administration of Hunan Branch subsidized 600 tons of flour, for the treatment of insect funding. The use of artificial capture methods, with little success. It can be seen that in the past, people have been relying on catching insects in the earth. Until after the founding of New China, in the 1960s and 1970s, there were pesticides, people began to use sprayers to kill insects, pests were effectively curbed. Unfortunately, pesticides are easy to pollute the ecological environment. Weed removal usually starts about half a month after dill fields, with occasional labor to ensure the seedlings grow smoothly. As the saying goes: ? One diligent and three lazy, not lazy will be lazy; one lazy and three diligent, not diligent will be diligent.? This period, people should be diligent, often go to the ridge to inspect, pay attention to the growth of seedlings.

Leiyang belongs to the hilly landscape, more paddy fields, dry land is also more. Dry soil according to the soil quality, divided into clay sandy soil, red loam; according to the geographical location is divided into mountain soil, garden soil, continental soil. Soil quality is different, the location is different, affecting the variety and yield of crops. The eleventh year of Guangxu "Leiyang County Records" contained: ? The main varieties of Leiyang cash crops are: cotton, tea, tobacco, beans, ramie, peanuts, sesame, rape, cauliflower, etc.? At present, the city's dry soil crops are mainly divided into three categories: First, food crops, people called mixed grains, sweet potatoes, wheat, sorghum, corn, corn, beans, especially the most beans, soybeans, mung beans, peas, rice beans, snow peas, lentils, yudan. Second, cash crops, mainly cotton, tea, fruit, dry tobacco, medicinal herbs, yellow cauliflower and so on. In the last decade or so, Leiyang has been vigorously developing tobacco leaves, and more and more farmers are growing tobacco leaves, which has become an important source of rural economy. Thirdly, vegetable crops, including radish, cabbage, noodle potato, taro, onion and garlic, mouth old, pepper, eggplant, winter melon, pumpkin, cucumber, squash, melon, and so on. In the past, the best cotton in Leiyang was produced in Donghu, so there was a place called ? Cotton jackfruit. Leiyang proverb says: ? Raise pond fish throw (quo) Canggu, as Qiu taro earn Canggu. Meaning that raising fish is not as good as planting taro, it can be seen, Leiyang people attach great importance to planting vegetables, but not willing to raise fish. In the old society, Leiyang countryside commonly planted taro. Since the reform and opening up, the introduction of potato seeds and taro, high yield, people turned to the general planting of potatoes. Leiyang used to have a proverb: ? Seven mouths and eight garlic. It is said that in the seventh month of the lunar calendar, the rural areas are generally planted mouth old, August is planted garlic. The rakkyo, or rakkyo, is a traditional specialty of Leiyang. The stem is erect, branched, green or greenish, with fine stripes. The leaves are alternate, long-stalked, and the ocrea sheaths are membranous and yellow-brown. Leaf blade broadly triangular, apex acute, base cordate, entire. Mouth old stomach and smooth qi, dispel wind and phlegm, remove dampness and pain, detoxification and swelling, has always been a favorite. Salt rakkyo made from fresh Leiyang rakkyo of excellent quality has a white, translucent head, fine flesh, crispy and tender texture, and is a good choice for rice and congee. The annual production capacity of Shallot in Leiyang is more than one thousand tons, which is exported to Japan, Korea, Hong Kong and other places, and the demand for the products exceeds the supply.

Leiyang rural villages, traditionally have a tradition of raising pigs, chickens, ducks, cows and dogs. Raise pigs to save money, kill pigs for the New Year.? The first thing you need to do is to get your hands on some of the most popular products and services in the world. In the old days, when people were poor, every family raised a pig or two, and used chaff, leftovers, and weeds to cook the driving rain, and slowly raised the pigs. They would save up their money and raise pigs for the New Year. When the New Year comes, they will kill a pig, sell it for some money, give the children a new coat, do some New Year's goods, and celebrate the New Year with a lot of excitement. After the founding of New China, the establishment of the socialist system, cut the tail of capitalism, not allowed to raise private pigs. After the reform and opening up, people began to raise pigs again in general, but also appeared a lot of pig farmers, ten thousand yuan households. Raising chickens and ducks is only enough for pocket money.? The chicken is twenty-one, the duck is twenty-eight, the goose's neck is long, and it takes thirty-two days to see its mother. Leiyang people even raise chickens in every household. In the past, it was said that raising chickens is a salt altar, and rural people rely on chickens to lay eggs for sale and buy salt for the family's utility. And, basically raise hens, roosters only one. Duck farmers are also many, either do not raise, raise a group of twenty, thirty, hundreds, put out in the morning to forage for food, dusk to drive home. That lively scene is still nostalgic for many people who grew up in the countryside. The cattle pen is built on the high bank, the fertilizer does not fall into the field of outsiders. In the past, there is no agricultural mechanization, many people have a ploughing ox, including buffaloes, yellow oxen, grazing in the morning, the afternoon to collect fences, many rural children have done cattle herding children. Cows eat all kinds of grass, all kinds of fat? Usually raised in the cattle pen, wait until the busy season, cattle on top of a few laborers. Cattle is the lifeblood of farmers, Leiyang has a custom in the past, bought from abroad, the plow ox, into the Bay Village, the cow corner around a red cloth, led to the main hall of the house to turn around three times. The cow gave birth to cubs, full of three days the host family to the Bay Village people to send red eggs or rice poop, to celebrate. As for raising dogs, that is a common phenomenon in the vast rural areas of the country.