Information about Lilies

The lily, scientific name (Lilium brownii var. viridulum Baker), also known as Qiangshu, Fan leek, Shandan, inverted fairy, Chongmai, Zhongtian, Moluo, Chongbox, Zhongfenghua, lily garlic, master garlic, garlic brain potatoes, nightshade and so on, is a perennial herbaceous bulbous plant of the genus Lily (scientific name: Lilium) in the family of Liliaceae.

Native to China, mainly in eastern Asia, Europe, North America and other temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, the world has found at least 120 varieties, of which 55 species produced in China. In recent years, there are many new varieties produced by artificial hybridization, such as Asiatic lilies, perfume lilies, fire lilies and so on. The bulbs are rich in starch and can be eaten and used medicinally.

Expanded Information:

. strong>

History of Botany

The lily, a world-famous flower that has been loved from ancient times to the present day. It was originally born in China, and has a long history of being cultivated from the wild. As early as the 4th century AD, people only as food and medicine. As early as the 4th century A.D., it was only used for food and medicine. During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Emperor Xuan Di of Liang found lilies to be very ornamental, and he wrote a poem: "There are many kinds of lilies, and their flowers do not have different colors.

Containing dew or low hanging, from the wind when supine. Chrysanthemum ashamed of the immortal formula, the orchid thanks to the fragrance". Praise it has an extraordinary, reserved temperament. To the Song Dynasty, more people planted lilies. The great poet Lu You also use the mound in front of the window planted lilies. He also said: "the orchid removed all over the forest, why not plant the jade hairpin in the rest of the place, but also begging two clumps of fragrant lilies, the old man seventy is still a child".

To modern times, the favorite lilies are not lacking. In the past, the Chinese people **** and the State Honorary President of the State of Song Qingling life on the lilies on the deep appreciation, every spring and summer, her apartment are often inserted a few branches. When the sad news of her death," her life of the United States, a close friend of Dr. and Mrs. Rosen, immediately sent a pot of lilies to the Permanent Mission of China to the United Nations in New York to set up the funeral hall, to express her deep condolences.

Lily Morphological Characteristics

With the progress of the times, European and American horticultural experts through cross-breeding to create new varieties. Half a century later, a group of new flowers collectively known as the "Golden Lily" were finally selected and bred. Its characteristic is to break the Chinese lilies are all a stem of a single, simple white status quo, into a stem of more than one, the color of the flowers are both golden, orange-red and violet, but also spots, stripes, and other patterns of color, thus enriching the ornamental connotation.

For example, the United States of America's "fire yellow", the head of the larger; golden, beautiful and extraordinary, each branch can bloom five or six. Another example is the Dutch improvement of the "curly Dan", the flower color orange-red, perianth revolutions, within the purple spots, out of the silk stamens, each branch can bloom seven or eight. In addition, there are some varieties are not only beautiful and attractive, but also contains fragrance, the most suitable for hall flower arrangements, so that people appreciate. Can not help but evoke a "deep night full of incense, suspected of waking up" feeling.

The origin of the name is due to its bulb is surrounded by many white scales, like a lotus flower, and thus take the "hundred years of good luck," the meaning of the name.

Field management

Preliminary management

Winter choose sunny days for plowing, sunshine topsoil, moisture preservation and heat preservation. In the spring, before the emergence of seedlings, loosen the soil and hoeing, improve the ground temperature, promote the early emergence of seedlings; cover the grass to preserve moisture. Eliminate weeds and prevent heavy rains from washing away, and do not let the topsoil slate. Summer should be prevented from rotting caused by high temperature; cool days and heat preservation, frost prevention, and apply seedling fertilizer to promote the growth of lilies. Generally, from planting to emergence, plowing 2-3 times. To the mid-growth and then loosen the soil 2-3 times to loosen the soil, remove weeds, and combined with soil cultivation, to prevent the bulb from being exposed.

Mid and late management

One is to clear the ditch drainage. Lily is most afraid of waterlogging, should often clear the ditch drainage, so that the rain stops soil stains dry.

The second is timely to hit the top, spring lily germination should be retained a strong bud, the rest removed, so as not to cause bulb division. In the small full before and after, when the seedling height grows to 27-33 centimeters, timely topping, control the growth of the above ground part, in order to concentrate nutrients to promote the growth of underground bulbs.

The varieties with bead buds, if you do not intend to use the bead buds to propagate, should be removed in a timely manner around the time of the mango, combined with the summer flower picking, in order to reduce the consumption of nutrients in the bulb. The most suitable time is: when the flower buds from upright to low hanging, the color from all green to the sunny side appears peach. The time is June.

Thirdly, control the application of nitrogen fertilizer after topping. To promote rapid fertilization of young bulbs. Before and after the summer solstice, the bead buds should be removed in a timely manner and the ditch moisture should be cleaned to reduce the field temperature and humidity. The flower removal and topping.

Fertilizer

The first time is a steady application of wax fertilizer, January, before spring, when the lily seedling is not out of the ground, combined with the plowing mu Shi human manure about 1,000 kilograms, to promote the development of strong roots. The second time is the heavy application of seedling fertilizer, in early April, when the lily seedling height of 10 ~ 20 cm, per mu of 500 kg of animal manure, fermented rot cake fertilizer 150 ~ 250 kg, into the composite fertilizer 10 ~ 15 kg, to promote the strong seedlings. The third is the appropriate application of strong piece of fertilizer, small full in early to mid-June, after flowering, topping 15 kg of urea per mu, potash 10 kg, to promote scale hypertrophy.

At the same time in the foliar spraying 0.2% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate. Note that this fertilizer should be completed 40~50 days before digging. Autumn planting of winter vegetables after harvest, combined with loosening the soil with a manure; to spring after the emergence of seedlings, and then look at the seedling manure 1-2 times, to promote the early development of strong seedlings, generally each mu of dilute human manure 30-40 pick, 10-15 kg of phosphate fertilizer.

Harvesting and processing

The fall of the second year after planting, when the above ground part is completely withered, the lower part of the fully mature harvest. Lilies are generally harvested on sunny days around the Daito Festival (late July). After harvesting, remove the above-ground parts, fibrous roots and seed roots, and put them in a ventilated place for storage. Mu yield 750 ~ 1500 kilograms, folding dry rate of 30 ~ 35%. 97 years Shaoyang Daily contained: Dongkou a person planted lily, 3 mu property 25,000 kilograms, the largest plant weighs 10 kilograms.

Processing can be divided into the following steps

①Peeling. That is, the scales are separated, peeling should be separated from the outer scales, middle scales and chips, so as not to soak the chips when the old and young are not the same, it is difficult to grasp the time to soak the chips, affecting the quality.

②Blisters. When the water boils, the scales into the pot, turn in time, 5 ~ 10 minutes, to be soft at the edge of the scales, the back of the microcracking quickly fished out, rinsed in water to remove the mucus. Each pot of boiling water, generally can be continuous soaking tablets 2~3 times.

3 sun piece. After rinsing the scales gently thinly spread sun pads, so that their distribution is uniform, to be scales six into a thousand, in the sun until dry. To scale white and complete, large and fat as good.

References:

Lily (Lilium spp., family Liliaceae)_Baidu Encyclopedia