History and Culture of Inner Mongolia?

According to historical records, the Mongols came to the stage of history around the 7th century AD. However, long before that, the Mongols' ancestors were active in the Mongolian steppe. The Cile Song says: "Cile River, under the Yinshan Mountain; the sky is like a dome, covering the four fields; the sky is pale and the field is vast, and the wind blows the grass down to see the cattle and sheep." It plainly depicts their knowledge of nature, and is a profile of the nomadic culture portrayal. Geographically, it reaches the Great Wall of China in the south, the Daxingan Mountains in the east, the Siberian steppe in the north, and the vast Central Asian steppe in the west. In this extremely vast steppe, from the Xiongnu, Xianbei, Turkic to the Khitan, Jurchen tribes, their social development has reached a certain level, and some also established a prominent empire. Although the ethnic groups that were the rulers were of different compositions and had different cultures, these cultures had a certain inheritance from each other. To a considerable extent, Mongolian culture can be said to be a pluralistic culture developed on the basis of the above. At the same time, it can be said that the nomadic culture has matured and been perfected by the Mongolian people.

The Chinese believe that their agricultural civilization is more advanced than the nomadic one and that the nomads are backward. Few have ever doubted this. In fact, the open-ended "mobility" of the nomadic people is more progressive than the conservative "settling down" of the ancient agricultural people. Nomadic culture is rooted in the vast boundless prairie, people's vision is extremely broad, coupled with "living by water and grass" nomadic production mode, spring, summer, fall and winter in different pastures and camps, and therefore more to flow, change the perspective to observe the natural world, so people's way of thinking, the more dialectical way of thinking. Nomadic people have been fighting with nature for a long time and living in a hard environment, so they have full adventurous spirit and brave and enterprising national character. On the other hand, because of the vulnerability of the nomadic economy and the demand for daily necessities, there is an urgent need to trade with the agricultural peoples, and sometimes even to plunder by way of war. So it is said that nomadic culture also has a certain openness. The culture of the Mongolian nation is characterized by distinctive grassland features, which is often referred to as nomadic culture.

After the establishment of the Great Mongolian State in 1206 A.D., two major events had taken place in the history of the Mongols: one of them was the westward expedition to Central Asia and Eastern Europe; the other was the southward invasion of China. These two events had an immeasurable significance on the traditional culture of the Mongol nation. The western expedition and the southward invasion made the Mongols broaden their horizons and widely contact and absorb the cultures of the eastern and western peoples, especially with the Turkic peoples and the Chinese culture. Such as the western expedition, the Mongolian army captured a large number of Central Asian artisans, and brought them back to Mongolia, with the arrival of these people, some of the Central Asian Islamic civilization has also been introduced into the Mongolian region, so that the Mongolian culture added a new content. Another example is the establishment of the Yuan Dynasty, so that the Mongols and the highly developed Chinese culture had a close relationship. The map of the Yuan Dynasty was so-called "over the Yinshan Mountains in the north, the quicksand in the west, Liaozhuo in the east, and the sea in the south". Mongolia Yuan Dynasty, in fact, for the nomadic culture and agricultural culture of the results of conflict and integration. At a time when Buddhism, Taoism, Christianity, Islam and shamanism co-existed in the situation of the five religions, quite a mutual influence, and collect the strengths of each, communicating the cultural exchanges between the East and West and the links between the various ethnic groups. The cultural conflict and fusion of the nomadic mode of production of the Mongolian nation and the agricultural mode of production of China have made the traditional culture of the Mongolian nation take a leap forward and show a new and stronger vitality.

The history of Mongolian culture and thought shows that it is difficult for a closed nation to find a way out. Each civilization contains its unique wisdom and knowledge, and the enlightening effect of multiple civilizations on a nation is not additive but multiplicative. The result of the collision of heterogeneous cultures is exponential growth. The great side of Genghis Khan is his learning, borrowing and tolerance of foreign cultures. Because of this,

Mongolian national traditional culture has shown tenacity and occupied a certain position in the cultural history of the medieval world.

Therefore, in reflecting on the traditional culture of the Mongolian nation and modernization, we advocate pluralism and emphasize diversity in cultural development.