What is a Lagenaria bottle?

Lagenaria qing qianlong molded seal eight immortals lagenaria bottle "qianlong appreciation play" regular script mark lagenaria

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〈名〉

(会意. Shuo Wen: "From 包 from gourd. Bao, take it can be wrapped to hide things also." According to: "gourd" (hù) gourd. Province: that is, provincial form, selected "gourd" part of the body of the character "qua", and "bag" will synthesize the meaning.

The same meaning [gourd]

Lagenaria, gourd. --Shuowen

Lagenaria has bitter leaves. -- "Poetry -- Name of a feudal state -- Lagenaria has bitter leaves"

Will I not be a Lagenaria gourd? --Lun Yu - Yang Guan (The Analects of Confucius)

The vessel is made of Lagenaria. -- Han Shu - Suburban Sacrifice Zhi Shi (汉书-郊祀志下)

匏樽 It means wine cup!

Lagenaria is also one of the "eight tones" in ancient China, as stated in the Three Character Classic: Lagenaria, earth and leather, wood, stone and gold, silk and bamboo, are the eight tones. The sheng and yu of ancient Chinese musical instruments belong to the Lagenaria sound. [edit paragraph] Lagenaria art Lagenaria, is China's ancient name for the gourd, generally composed of two spheres connected in the middle, the following sphere is large, the upper sphere is small gourd anciently known as the pot. Lagenaria in ancient times refers to a sphere of the gourd, Lagenaria most widely used from the center of the open into two halves to do water scoop, folk will Lagenaria commonly known as lady gourd.

Lagenaria art, refers to the Fan Lagen craft, is to use pre-made molds on the young gourd so that the gourd in accordance with the mold growth, Lagenaria art originated in China in the Ming Dynasty, flourished in the Qing Dynasty Kangxi, Yongzheng, Qianlong scattered dynasties, after the Daoguang gradually decline, there are still folk Fan Lagen artists in the planting, the market can be seen in a variety of modern Lagenaria ware. Dayong Lagenaria Art Huan (Tianjin Dayong craft gourd planting base) has rich experience in Lagenaria art research. [Edit Paragraph] Lagenaria Lagenaria, also known as gourd ware, is a special craft that appeared at the end of the Ming Dynasty, for the late Ming Dynasty eunuch Xu Jiugong (said to be Liang Jiugong) created. Ming xie zhao xiang "five miscellaneous chopping block" said: "gourd (ware) more than a square, and there are protruding into a word for a poem, cover the birth of the board folder to make it, not different." Can be seen in the 16th century, with a variety of patterns, text, poems Fan Lagenaria, has not been rare. Qing Kangxi, Lagenaria into the court, became the royal crafts.

Existing Lagenaria objects and mark, to the early Kangxi period of the Qing dynasty, there are cups, plates, bowls, pots, boxes, bottles, brush holders, snuff bottles, caddis cages and musical instruments and other appliances. Lagenaria in the Kangxi period to six-petal bowl, wrapped in lotus life box, eight square brush pots, garlic vase and ukulele and other things for the most refined.

Lagenaria craft in the Qing Dynasty was valued by the royal family, Kangxi had planted gourds in Yingtai's Fengze Garden, and set up specialists to manage them. Under the supervision of the court, many elegant molded Lagenaria wares were produced, with exquisite craftsmanship and a wide variety of products. Lagenaria craft during this period has been refined, complete varieties, novelty, rich in decoration. To the Qianlong years, this "simple elegance" of the ware more y Qianlong's love, that can be better than gold and jade, Qianlong's imperial poem to Lagenaria as the theme of the first few. These palace lagenaria in addition to the imperial pleasure, but also as a precious gift to reward the princes and dignitaries, as well as gifts to foreign guests and ambassadors. After the middle of the Qing dynasty, the court Fan mold Lagenaria gradually declining, Jiaqing, Daoguang dynasty of the court Fan Lagenaria production has been far less than the Kangqian era of prosperity. Tongzhi, guangxu paragraph sporadic, more difficult to see. Lezha, fire painting, pressure flower, knife carving and other Lagenaria craft in the mid-Daoguang after the emergence of these peculiar shape, beautifully decorated vessels with the wash of time and human touch friction, the color is getting deeper and deeper, such as steaming chestnut, crystal clear and fine, more and more appreciation of the charm.

Qing gourd engraved landscape small bowl Lagenaria production

Lagenaria production can be divided into three categories: 1, the long gourd, that is, through the inverted planting, strangling neck, splints, knots, and other methods, grow into different forms of gourd, to achieve the ideal ratio of turn over, neck, belly, bottom. 2, with the ripe gourd processed into a variety of different shapes of artifacts, such as knife carving, needle carving gourd. 3, is a mold set in the growing 3, is the mold set in the growth of young gourd, so that it grows into the exact same appearance with the mold, some people call it "Fan system gourd ware". Now introduce some of the Lagenaria production process.

The knife-carved gourd

Knife-carved gourd, this process appeared later in the Lagenaria, divided into Shandong knife-carved single-bellied gourd and knife-carved calligraphy and painting gourd. The former use the handleless gourd, first dyed red, and then engraved. Patterns are made up of line carving, point carving patterns, knife smooth, flying lines, with a rough and simple interest. This kind of lagenaria is used to feed grasshopper bugs, toys for children's games, etc., the collection value is not too big. Knife carving calligraphy and painting gourd is generally made by famous artists in the gourd for calligraphy and painting, and then by the gourd carver using shallow carving method to complete, so the pearl is undoubtedly the most artistic gourd carving, the most collectible class. At the same time, there are some calligraphy and painting masters who paint their own books and carve their own carvings, if the books, paintings and carvings are all good, they are even more rare.

Needle carving gourd

That is, the tip of the needle in the gourd fine carving, showing a variety of patterns, the use of more than a small gourd in the shape of a ball, the carving pattern pattern is strong, subtle and exquisite, can be used as a handicraft to collect.

Fan-made gourds of different shapes and sizes

Ching gourds in the shape of swans

Fan-made gourds, also known as molded gourds, Fan Lagenaria, are gourds that are grown and shaped in accordance with the wishes of the people by means of the Fan. The method of making gourds by the Fan system is to incorporate the young gourds into the Fan molds engraved with yin text, and as the gourds grow up, they gradually fill up the space in the Fan molds, and when the gourds are taken out of the molds after they have become lignified, the yin text of the Fan molds will be shown in the yang text on the gourds. The gourd is then cut, painted with black lacquer, and inlaid with ivory and tortoiseshell, making it a work of art.

Fan Lagenaria can be divided into the following kinds: one, clip Fan, only two pieces of wooden boards will be young gourd clip up, after the growth of the gourd was flat, which is the most simple Fan gourd. Second, plain van, van mold light vein without lines, only to seek changes in the overall shape of the gourd, but the shape of the requirements are very high, the contours of the lines of the different lengths of the straight and curved, reflecting the artistry of the artifacts of the high and low. Third, flower model, model carved into a variety of graphic forms, gourd through the flower model cultivation, you can get a variety of figures, flowers, fish and insects, landscape patterns and text and a variety of stylized artifacts.

Fan Lagenaria carving exquisite, well-made, very rich in artistry. 2003 in the Guardian autumn auction was auctioned at 638,000 yuan to a Qing mold printing Lagenaria bottle, still maintains the highest Lagenaria auction record. This piece of Lagenaria clear mold, decoration meaning good luck, beautiful shape, can be said to be rare Lagenaria works of art. Fan mold is the direct embodiment of the culture of Lagenaria, so the exquisite carving of the Yang mold or Yin mold also has a very high value of collection, some of the Fan mold production of the famous artist is also recorded in the history of the characters, so the Fan mold made by the famous artist has always been the world's attention.

Main uses

In addition, the types of "Lagenaria ware" can be divided into two categories of utility and furnishings according to their uses, ranging from a variety of household utensils to stationery and even ornamental objects, all of which are available. These works are exquisite, reflecting the fashion and aesthetic orientation of the time, and are a precious heritage of the Chinese culture. In addition, Lagenaria wares have unique artistic value in addition to practical value. Those who have been collected for a long time to play and fondle the heirloom wares, more give people a sense of ancient simplicity, gravity of the beauty.

The Kangxi, Yongqian period of the Lagenaria are mostly used in the furnishings above, in the production of more than blood money. Lagenaria in the production, the aesthetic requirements are extremely high, in general, a hundred to have a truly meet the requirements of craftsmen, only in this way to ensure a high degree of aesthetics. The reason why the Lagenaria is loved by the people at this time is because it has a variety of shapes and exquisite craftsmanship. After processing, the surface of the gourd can produce complex patterns, and by changing the shape of the gourd, it can achieve a marvelous artistic aesthetics. Hundreds of crafts are made every year, including bowls, pots, bottles, pots, boxes, jars, stoves and so on.

Qianlong years of tortoiseshell openwork carving flowers and butterflies around the branch Lagenaria Lagenaria can also be used for daily necessities, can be loaded with medicine, smoke and feed insects, but also for simple ornamental ornaments. The special texture and color of the gourd is full of a fresh and natural atmosphere, giving people an aesthetic feeling of simplicity and gravity. The old mature gourd color is as yellow as gold, the longer the time, the heavier its color. Coupled with decades and even hundreds of years of playing and rubbing, the pulp finally reached the degree of purple moist and clean, ancient color, pleasing to the eye. One of the bugs made of gourd is the most characteristic, in many of the bugs, gourd bugs with its elegant and chic most of the songbird enthusiasts and collectors cherish. The most delicate is the mouth and cover, saw off the upper part of the gourd, with rosewood, mahogany or ivory mouth, then with tortoiseshell, gnarled horns or ivory cover (also called core), animal grasshopper also in the mouth of the installation of a person with a brass wire coiled into the gall bladder, which is a complete gourd worm gear. Cover is divided into high Mengxin, flat Mengxin, low Mengxin, high Mengxin high one inch to one inch and a half, the carving is exquisite, there are flowers, landscapes, figures and other patterns, there are also carved with the pattern of Mengxin. Bugs with Lagenaria not only practical value, but also has a unique artistic value. Those who play through decades and even hundreds of years of play and rubbing by yellow to red, red to purple, the value becomes higher. The material and thickness of the mouth is the most important, because it will affect the tone of the caddis.