Which nationality is the diaojiao building?

It is the traditional residence of Miao, Zhuang, Buyi, Dong, Shui and Tujia.

Diaojiaolou is also called Diaojiaolou. There are many Diaojiaolou in southeastern Chongqing, northwestern Guangxi, western Hunan, western Hubei and southeastern Guizhou. Diaojiaolou is built by mountains and rivers, and looks like a tiger sitting. Zuo Qinglong, You Baihu, Qianshouzhaku and Houxuanwu are the best houses. Later, they paid attention to orientation, either sitting west facing east or sitting east facing west. Diaojiaolou is a dry fence-style building, but it is different from the general dry fence. Stilts are suspended, so the stilt building is called semi-stilt building.

architectural style

In the past, diaojiao building was usually covered with thatch or fir bark, but it was also covered with slate. At present, most diaojiao buildings in western Hubei are covered with mud tiles. The construction of diaojiao building is an important event in Tujia people's life.

The first step is to prepare wood. Tujia people call it cutting green hills, and generally choose Toona sinensis or purple trees. Toona sinensis and purple tree are auspicious because of homophonic spring and purple, which means that spring is always big and future generations are prosperous;

The second step is to process a large beam-column material, which is called the frame size, and draw eight diagrams, Tai Chi diagrams, lotus seeds and other patterns on the beam;

The third process is called fan arrangement, that is, connecting the processed beams and columns into tenons and arranging them into wooden fans;

The fourth step is to erect the pillars of the house. The host chose the ecliptic as an auspicious day and invited all the neighbors to help. Before putting the beam on, the beam should be sacrificed, and then all Qi Xin worked together to erect the rows of wooden fans. At this time, firecrackers will explode and neighbors will send gifts to congratulate them.

There are nail rafters, tiles and board walls behind the vertical columns of the vertical house. Wealthy families have to decorate eaves on roofs, carve dragons and draw phoenixes under corridors, and decorate balcony railings.

architectural feature

The most basic feature is that the main house is built on the ground, and the wing is supported by pillars on three sides except one side leaning on the ground, which is connected with the main house. Diaojiaolou has many advantages. Hanging on the ground is ventilated and dry, which can prevent poisonous snakes and wild animals, and sundries can be placed under the floor. Diaojiaolou also has distinctive national characteristics. Elegant silk eaves and wide walking columns make Diaojiaolou unique. Compared with the railing, this diaojiao building successfully got rid of the primitive and has a higher cultural level, which is called the living fossil of Bachu culture.