Max Weber's classification of three types of political rule and their interrelationships

Max Weber divided authority into: personal charisma type (or Risma type), traditional type and jurisprudence type of authority. These three types of rule have their own different power bases and characteristics, and their relationship is complementary.

1, personal charisma type of rule built on the charisma of a leader with extraordinary temperament.

2. Traditional rule is based on the sanctity of customary and traditional beliefs, and administrative officials are no more than vassals of the monarch, and may be hereditary.

3. Jurisprudential rule is based on the requirement of legitimacy of formally established rules and decrees. Rational and legal authority is dominant in modern societies, while the other two types of authority are found mainly in traditional societies.

In fact, Max Weber did not favor any one type in particular, but rather stated that it should be analyzed on a case-by-case basis. The three types of rule have the legitimacy to rule, the difference being that modern rule combines legitimacy with technological rationality, attempting to energize legitimacy through an increased degree of technological rationality.

This is manifested in the efforts made in formal rationality and instrumentalist technical design, especially the formalized legal system and its operational procedures to integrate theoretical, ideological and technical efforts to form a tight network of legitimacy.

Extended:

In addition, Weber recognized that the "ideal form" is a product of abstraction, but he argued that it is necessary for anyone who wants to understand a particular social phenomenon because, unlike physical phenomena, the social sciences also involve complex phenomena. Unlike physical phenomena, the social sciences are also concerned with the complexity of human behavior, which can only be explained by means of ideal forms.

The notion of ideal forms, together with his anti-positivist arguments, can be seen as a defense of his methodological assumption of the "rational economic man". Weber also formulated a three-pronged theory of social class, asserting that social class, social status, and group (or party) are conceptually distinct elements.

1. Social class is determined by economic interaction with the market (owners, lessees, employees, etc.).

2. Social status is constituted by non-economic components such as honor, prestige and religion.

3. Political party, on the other hand, refers to a person's affiliation with the political community.

And all three of these elements affect the outcome of what Weber called "career chances".

Baidu Encyclopedia - Weber's Hierarchical Bureaucracy