What's the story between Lu Xun and his eldest mother?

The eldest mother is the "wet nurse" of Lu Xun's spirit.

Is Chang pronounced as Chang or ng? After consulting some materials, I found that both pronunciations are mentioned. The Achang (ZH) school said that Lu Xun was the eldest son and was called Achang (ZH) with his nanny. Changpai quoted the original text as evidence, "We don't have a surname Chang there; She is short and fat,' long' is not an adjective. ..... Before, there was a female worker in my family who was very tall. This is Zhen Achang. Later, she went back, ... so she became a long mother from then on. "

Ordinary people like to name their names from their physical characteristics, such as Zhang Dage, Li Pangzi and Wang Mazi. The eldest mother is "yellow, fat and short", so "long" should not describe her size, her surname, let alone her first name. Obviously, this "long" has nothing to do with her. She used to have her own name, but it seems to be gone, so vague that no one can make it clear. "Chang" is the name of a female worker in Previous Lives. She came to replace her because everyone is used to it. "From then on, she became a long mother."

I prefer the latter.

In short, the name is just a code name, and what you read is not important. Mr. Lu Xun wants to say a few more words about his name, because China people's names represent rich contents, and sometimes they are status symbols. By guessing the name of the nanny, it is revealed that Chang's identity is so humble that he doesn't even have a surname. The so-called name is still someone else's. She is just a substitute and a habit of the host family.

Among them, vaguely, there is a delicate and profound sadness flowing.

If it is pronounced as "a' zh m: ng", grading will dilute the tragic color.

The same technique is also used in The True Story of Ah Q, which is vividly described. The rich can have several names, but the poor are not allowed to have any names. If you want to fight, your life will be in danger.

However, the eldest mother is the "wet nurse" of Lu Xun's spirit.

Lu Xun also mentioned his mother many times in his works, such as Hometown, Social Drama, A Chang and Shan Hai Jing, and Shouting Preface, but all of them were faded in the background without any emotional color, which was far less vivid than A Chang's image. The emotional estrangement between mother and Lu Xun, the mother-child complex and various feelings in Lu Xun's heart may only be found occasionally by readers in Lu Xun's works. 1934 Lu Xun wrote a letter to his mother when he was in Shanghai: "Dear mother, ... I bought more than a dozen copies of" The Golden Powder Family "and three copies of" Beauty "three days ago, all of which were written by Zhang Henshui. The World Bookstore sent them in two packages. I thought it had arrived, but I didn't see it myself. I don't know what the content is ... "Lu Xun never reads it.

There are ten articles in Morning Flowers and Evening Picking Up, among which four articles mention Achang, namely, From Baicaoyuan to Santan Printing the Moon, Twenty-four Filial Piety Pictures, Cats, Rats and Dogs, and Wu Changhui. Achang and Shan Hai Jing are dedicated to memory and commemoration. In this way, Chang became the first heroine in Morning Flowers and Evening Picks.

Lu Xun expressed his warmth and deep nostalgia for Ah Chang in relaxed language, such as Ah Chang and Shan Hai Jing.

People who read this article for the first time will think that Lu Xun doesn't like Chang, and later she fell in love with him because she bought Shan Hai Jing. If so, the work will lose any meaning.

The key to understanding the work is that there are two themes in reading. One is Lu Xun when he was a child, and the other is Lu Xun at the age of 45. The latter is the main point of this paper. Children aged five or six are disciplined by adults, causing complaints and anger, which truly reflects a naive child's judgment and feelings about people and things. I hate that she "seriously investigated" and caused a "small storm". I am angry that her sleeping occupied the room where I turned over, making it an ugly "big" and complaining about her trivial rules. What's more, she actually murdered the mole, and the little boy Xun hated her. Through these resentments, readers should feel another kind of emotion. For example, in the first paragraph, the "eldest mother" at the beginning has a profound meaning. The word "mother" originally meant to address mother, "Guangya? 6? 1 "release parents" says "mother, mother also". It can also be used to address older women, such as aunts; Menstruation These two are honorifics. In folk literature before the Qing Dynasty, we often saw overlapping words, such as "In this case, mother leads the way." (Qing? 6? 1 Yu Yue's King Cat), this usage has disappeared in modern times. It can also be called middle-aged and elderly maids, such as: Zhang Ma; Mary; Mom, putting your last name before "mom" doesn't rhyme. Obviously, "old lady" does not belong to this kind. In Lu Xun's memory, Chang has no surname, which is different from ordinary maids, so everyone calls her "Chang Ma". Lu Xun usually called her "Ma Ma" without even the word "Chang". Here, Lu Xun showed his attitude-love. It seems to be a light mention, so it is not very noticeable, but careful readers realize that it is meaningful to introduce the title of nanny repeatedly in the first paragraph.

So the first paragraph sets the tone of love for the whole article.

The full text uses humorous style, innocent and lovely children's eyes and children's coquetry language to shape the image of the big mother. Write "check it out" to show the character of ordinary professional women who like to chat and gossip behind their backs. When mother dragon sleeps, fill the big bed and put a word "big", "Push her, don't move; Call her, I didn't smell it either. " It is hard to imagine. "It vividly describes the natural simplicity and hard work of the great mother. Write all kinds of rules, write long-haired stories and so on. , objectively reveals the character of Chang, a simple working woman. Finally, with the purchase of Shan Hai Jing, my great mother's kind and loving character was highlighted, which gave me a great shock. My childhood "I" grew up under the care of my big mother. However, such a kind and hardworking woman has such a humble position and such a tragic fate. " My nanny, dragon's mother is dragon ... I finally don't know her name and her experience; All I know is that I have an adopted son, probably a young widow. At the end of the article, I deeply pray that the kind and dark mother earth is willing to leave her soul in your arms! "Between the lines, there are memories and blessings for the great mother, resentment against the unfair society, and determination to fight for the suffering nation.

Some people say that Lu Xun is against feudal superstition, and writing about Achang superstition is criticism. First of all, it should be clear here that feudalism and superstition are not the same thing.

"Feudalism" was originally a political system. The monarch divided the land among the imperial clan and heroes, and established a country on this land. This system began to exist in the Zhou Dynasty in China, and later dynasties began to imitate it, forming the feudal landlord system. On this basis, the behavior and consciousness with feudal social color gradually formed.

Superstition, in a broad sense, refers to people's blind belief or worship of things. Superstition activities generally refer to folk activities such as gods, witches, fortune telling and geomantic omen, such as lottery, divination, fortune telling, geomantic omen, exorcism, and jumping. Lu Xun hated the feudal thought of the feudal system, but he took a "lingering" attitude towards superstition. Lu Xun clearly pointed out that superstition comes from people's devotion to heaven and earth, and the western "post-religion is to sprout evil." "Gu Wu and China take the worship of everything as their cultural root, respect heaven and earth, be practical and French, develop greatly and have an order." At the same time, it is pointed out that to break superstition, we must "speak before believing"; I don't believe it. I know it's confusing by comparison. "Now some fake scholars call for' breaking superstitions', which are all false." People's hearts depend on Feng. Without faith, there is no position. "Therefore, Mr. Lu Xun solemnly pointed out that" false scholars should go, superstition can exist, and it is urgent now. "Lu Xun described the scenes of ghost stories and folk ghost plays in a gentle and peaceful style in Female Hanging, Impermanence, Death and My First Master, which was lively and interesting without any criticism or irony.

Nowadays, superstition is evolving into folk culture, spreading widely, giving people fantasy comfort and spiritual liberation, or entertainment games.

From "Hundred Herbs Garden" to "San Tan Yin Yue", the artistic conception is clear, the color is bright and the emotion is pleasant, which is rare in Lu Xun's works. Nanny Chang, his father and mentor Shou are Lu Xun's favorites. The story of the great mother god is so magical and confusing that it deeply attracts Xun Gang's concern and always disturbs Xun Gang's little dream. "Of course, I can't sleep. In the middle of the night, sure enough, sasha vujacic! It sounds like the sound of wind and rain outside the door. " How nerve-racking, the soul is out. "What happened later? Later, the old monk said, this is a flying centipede. It can suck the snake's brain, and the beautiful snake is killed by it. " This is a dialogue between an old man and a young man. When Lu Xun became an adult, he always asked "what will happen in the future", which was cultivated by his older mother at that time. Tell stories, but also sum up lessons, "so if a strange voice calls your name, you must never promise him." It had a profound influence on Lu Xun and inspired his literary talent.

The elder mother's ability to tell stories is very high, which Lu Xun mentioned many times in his works and deeply admired. "Twenty-four filial piety pictures" "Even illiterate people, such as Chang, can tell this story at a glance." It can be seen that Chang is also an extremely clever woman. If you live now, you must be a story king. As a teacher, you must also be an excellent Chinese teacher.

However, it is useless to have a big mother. "Want to go to Dongguan to see where cabin five will go. This is a rare event in my childhood ... I laughed and danced, urging them to act quickly. ..... Mom, the worker, the elder mother, that is, Chang, can't be saved ... "(Wuchang Guild Hall) Facing my father's severe exam," I just silently waited for me to finish reading and recite. " As a result, more than 30 years later, Lu Xun even sighed and asked, "I still wonder why my father asked me to endorse at that time."

Compared with the old mother, the pedant father is so "ignorant". In the eyes of young Lu Xun, he is simply a demon.

Lu Xun's childhood was lonely, his family atmosphere was dull, and his study in private schools was dead, which completely failed to satisfy his thirst for knowledge and imagination. It was the great mother who decorated the lonely night sky with countless stars and made Lu Xun's childhood dream beautiful. The stars are bright and stay with people all their lives. "When he looks up at the clouds," these flowers with dewdrops "will flash before my eyes." When the current situation is bizarre and my heart is so complicated, I hear that "there are still voices urging me and calling me to fidget" and "my feet are worn out, with many injuries and a lot of blood", but "I must go". ("passers-by")

Soon after, with the decline of his family, Lu Xun came into more contact with the working people at the bottom, saw the true face of the rich, and formed his social view that the "bottom" was pure and sincere, while the "top" was dirty and hypocritical. These further prompted him to become an adult, completely betraying his own class and becoming an "animal milk hero" (in herzen. Herzen was a revolutionary thinker who was born in Russian nobility in the first half of the19th century. He praised the December Party members who aimed at overthrowing the feudal rule of the tsar as "a large group of heroes raised with animal milk" ... These heroes are made of pure steel from head to toe, and they are brave soldiers who consciously go through fire and water in order to wake up the younger generation and wash the dirt from children who grew up among executioners and slaves. " )

Lu Xun pays attention to the bottom people, and it is the exploited and oppressed weak who affect his feelings.

His works are the most powerful proof. In narrative works, the hero mainly includes:

Women workers-Chang, Xianglinsao;

Helping idle people-the so-called marginal people-Ah Q, Kong Yiji, Wei;

Monks and nuns-dragon master and little nun;

Farmers-leap soil;

Urban poor-Hua Laoshuan and Juan Sheng;

Killed-Yu Xia, Zijun;

Lu Xun felt pain and sorrow for them. This kind of pain and sorrow is completely different from the compassion of feudal literati such as Du Fu, Bai Juyi and Su Shi, who look down on the people and pity all beings. Compassion has no self, no subject, and the subject stands outside the circle to watch. Lu Xun's pain is that "I" is integrated into it. "It hurts the bone marrow and affects the heart and lungs." Every time I think about these characters, the pain in my hands and feet will become "soft" and "comfortable". (Revenge II)