Investigation of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises in Anshan

Present situation and development prospect of resource-based small and medium-sized enterprise clusters in Anshan city

Anshan is the base of iron and steel industry in China, with a solid industrial foundation, and its development stage is basically consistent with the current industrialization process in China. As the iron and steel capital of China, the economic development of Anshan, especially the development of Anshan small and medium-sized enterprise clusters, is of great significance for revitalizing the old industrial base in Northeast China.

First, Anshan City, the development status of small and medium-sized enterprise clusters

Relying on rich mineral resources, Anshan has developed into four small and medium-sized enterprise clusters: steel, magnesium products, talc and jade.

1, iron and steel enterprise cluster

In recent years, Anshan's non-public economy has developed rapidly, and some private capital has entered the steel industry. There are more than 20 private iron and steel enterprises with annual sales income exceeding 100 million yuan, forming a small and medium-sized iron and steel enterprise cluster with Angang as the leader, mineral processing, steel rolling and steel structure as the wings, integrating mining, mineral processing, sintering, smelting and steel rolling, and having a perfect sales, production, technology and service system, achieving an annual output of 65,438+.

2, magnesium products enterprise cluster

Anshan ranks first in the world in magnesium resources, mainly concentrated in Haicheng and Xiuyan. At present, more than 400 enterprises have been developed around the development of magnesium resources, with an annual sales income of more than 20 billion yuan. Haicheng is extremely rich in mineral resources, among which magnesite, one of the dominant resources, has accumulated proven reserves of 65.438+0.9 billion tons, accounting for more than 40% of high-quality minerals. Its rich reserves, high grade, shallow burial and easy exploitation are the highest in the world.

3. Talc enterprise cluster

Anshan's talc reserves rank first in China, mainly concentrated in Pailou Town and Mafeng Town of Haicheng City. It has been proved that the state-owned mining area in Haicheng has a talc reserve of 52.93 million tons, accounting for 2/3 of the total reserves in China, and the talc content is as high as 90%, ranking first in the world. The production and processing capacity of talc reaches 500,000 tons per year, and it is the main supply base of raw ore and mineral products in domestic and foreign markets. There are more than 0/00 enterprises in the whole industry, and the annual sales income exceeds 6 billion yuan.

4. Xiuyu enterprise cluster

Xiuyan County, Anshan City is the main producing area of xiuyan jade. At present, there are 5 jade mining enterprises, 3 1 15 jade processing enterprises and 5,050 commercial retail enterprises with an annual mining capacity of over 2,000 tons. There are 654,380+million people engaged in jade mining, jade processing and jade sales, with an annual output value of 2.5 billion yuan.

Second, Anshan City, the overall problem of resource-based SME clusters

1. There is no industrial network with specialized division of labor and cooperation.

At present, in some places in Anshan, although the layout of small and medium-sized enterprises is relatively concentrated, there are not many business contacts between enterprises. Small and medium-sized enterprises provide professional supply support to large enterprises in some industrial links, and there is no real professional industrial network. Enterprises are relatively independent in production, and lack formal or informal communication in technology, information and marketing during their development.

2. Lack of coordination mechanism among cluster enterprises.

Because a large number of small and medium-sized enterprises are highly concentrated in a certain spatial area, and because these small enterprises are in a highly specialized state, their fixed assets are highly specialized. Under the condition of imperfect market mechanism and laws, there are great obstacles for enterprises to quit. Most enterprises produce imitation products with little difference in quality, and there is a tendency to rely on price competition unilaterally among enterprises.

3. Lack of regional cultural atmosphere of cooperation and exchange.

From the perspective of division of labor and cooperation among cluster member enterprises, there is insufficient coordination among members of the industrial chain, which is manifested in the lack of cooperation among cluster members, the lack of mechanism and awareness of creating cluster brands, the lack of effective industrial division mechanism, and the lack of strategic positioning of each link in the industrial chain within the cluster.

4. The market mechanisms such as personnel training and education are not perfect.

The intermediary institutions and service mechanism of vocational training and education in Anshan are not perfect, and the exchange of talents and the enjoyment of human resources between enterprises can not be realized for the time being. In addition, small and medium-sized enterprises are limited by resources, so they can't carry out training or cooperate with research institutions, and can only carry out simple technical simulation. As a result, the internal knowledge spillover system of enterprise cluster is not perfect, and the cluster ecosystem is destroyed, which further affects the sustainable competitive advantage of the cluster.

5. Lack of scientific planning for the long-term development strategy of enterprise clusters.

Some government departments are not familiar with the operating rules of industrial clusters, nor are they unique regulatory mechanisms based on many local social and cultural factors, and they have not given full play to the role of the market. The guidance of enterprise clusters is only superficial, and there is no planning for the development of clusters, and there is a lack of specific industrial policy guidance.

Governments at all levels lack effective guidance to industrial clusters.

Some government departments also unilaterally pursue Gao Daquan and ignore the foundation of regional characteristic economy, are not familiar with the importance of corresponding intermediary agencies and services to the development of regional characteristic economy, and are ineffective in supporting services and infrastructure construction, and cannot provide good services for enterprises' market development, product renewal and technological transformation.

Three. Suggestions on the development of resource-based small and medium-sized enterprise clusters in Anshan city

1, formulate the cluster development strategy.

The purpose of formulating cluster development strategy is to change the practices and phenomena of single pursuit of quantity and scale, simple investment attraction and lack of communication between government and enterprises, promote the organic combination of industries in the region and the close network connection of enterprises and institutions, stimulate the overall innovation ability and competitiveness of regional industries, and realize the cluster development of small and medium-sized enterprises in Anshan City.

2. Promote the development of characteristic industries.

Practically speaking, Anshan does not have the monopoly advantage of high-end science and technology with core technology development as the mainstay, and most industries should focus on the redevelopment and localization of mature technologies. To develop small and medium-sized enterprise clusters in Anshan, we should learn from the experience of traditional enterprise clusters to a certain extent, pay attention to giving play to regional advantages, strive to cultivate and form leading industries and leading products, make a fuss about leading industries, characteristic industries and leading products, and expand the social cooperation network in the region. ask

3, promote the establishment of industrial division of labor and cooperation system.

We should actively provide products and related services for multinational enterprises entering Anshan, increase their roots in the local area, and promote the rapid and sustainable development of multinational enterprises in the local area. Therefore, we must vigorously cultivate and standardize various consulting and intermediary service institutions, such as market research companies, technical consulting companies, law firms, accounting firms, etc., to provide service support for the development of clusters. In addition, the establishment and improvement of the education and training system is also very important.

4. Improve the technical service system.

There are two ways to improve the technical capacity of the cluster and establish and improve the technical service system: one is to set up technical service centers within the cluster, and the other is to attract external research institutions to set up technical service centers within the cluster. These two ways are often combined with each other.

5. Build a cluster learning platform.

Cluster learning platform refers to the network that provides technical services, information consultation, personnel training and intermediary services for cluster enterprises, and its core function is to provide a service platform for knowledge and information exchange. The function of cluster information service center is to promote the exchange of technical and knowledge information among cluster members, which includes talent exchange market, product fairs and exchanges, and even industrial symposiums and academic seminars.

Give full play to the role of cluster institutions

Cluster institutions should play an intermediary role between the government and enterprises, and between enterprises, actively communicate and organize technical cooperation and alliances between enterprises, so as to truly reflect the advantages of the cluster and promote the sustainable development of the whole cluster.

Four. conclusion

According to the historical basis and realistic situation of Anshan, on the one hand, we should take Angang as the core, improve the geographical concentration of many supporting enterprises and build Anshan iron and steel industrial base. Anshan is the iron and steel industrial base of China, and its industry is biased towards heavy industry. Therefore, while intensifying the reform of Angang, we should use the value chain split by Angang to develop supporting enterprises attached to Angang and build enterprise clusters with Angang as the core and steel base as the goal. On the other hand, we should vigorously develop small and medium-sized enterprises and promote the construction of small and medium-sized enterprise clusters in order to achieve the goal of new industrialization in Anshan. The dual structure of economic development in Anshan area is prominent, there are a large number of laid-off workers in the process of reform, and the employment problem is serious. It is of great significance to develop small and medium-sized enterprise clusters. Small and medium-sized enterprise clusters can not only alleviate the impact of state-owned enterprise reform, solve the employment problem and activate the market structure, but also prosper the urban economy, promote the coordinated development of regional economy and change the "dual" structure of Anshan's economic development, thus building the goal of Anshan's new industrialization.

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Wang jici. Innovation Space —— Enterprise Cluster and Regional Development, Peking University Publishing House, 200 1.

Michael porter. National competitive advantage. Huaxia publishing house, 2002.

. Chen Guojun, Zheng Jianjian. Research on Economic Advantages of Traditional Industrial Clusters, Zhejiang Communications Vocational and Technical College, March 2003, Volume 4,No. 1.

Money is ordinary. Research on China Science and Technology Innovation Strategy Based on Industrial Clusters, Economic Horizon, 2004.03: 20-24.

. Wang jici. "From industrial park to industrial cluster —— Discussion on the development countermeasures of China industrial park. Development of China Industrial Park, China Economic Publishing House, 2003.