I have never dreamed of Huizhou in my life.

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"I've been crazy all my life and never dreamed of Huizhou". I have known this poem for a long time, but I have never been able to make it. Because if you just play, you need to plan a period of time to swim to several nearby places, as if you don't have such a strong desire for the time being.

But on foot, take advantage of the weekend, watch the weather and time, pick up your backpack and say go.

This time it's Hongcun, Xieli and Tashan, and I live beside Qishu Lake in Hongcun. The tour leader is only responsible for one trip on foot, and there is still half a day for free activities. Why not visit Hongcun?

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Huizhou is an administrative region in the history of China. It was renamed from Shezhou in the third year of Song Xuanhe (1121), and it has six counties under its jurisdiction, namely Shexian, yi county, Xiuning, Qimen, Jixi and Wuyuan (now Jiangxi). It is located in Shexian, and it was "Huizhou House" in Ming and Qing Dynasties.

nowadays, the word "Huizhou" not only refers to the current "Huizhou District", but also refers to the area under the jurisdiction of the former "Huizhou House" with the same history, culture and language.

Hongcun is located 1 kilometers northeast of yi county County. The ancestors of Wang family in Hongcun originally lived in Tangmo, Shexian County. Because of repeated fires, it was built on the 13th floor in the first year of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty (AD 1131), so it was named Hongcun, also known as Hongcun.

Hongcun is backed by green hills and faces beautiful water. The whitewashed tiles, which are far away from the mountains and near the trees, are reflected in the water, just like an ink painting, and are known as "the countryside in Chinese painting".

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The bull-shaped village and artificial water system planned and built by Guhong Village people are a great wonder in today's history: the towering and verdant Leigang Mountain is the bull's head, the two 5-year-old towering trees at the head of the village are horns, and the cattle's body is composed of residential groups scattered from east to west, and the clear spring is the ox intestines-an artificial canal with a length of more than 1,2 meters, which passes through the hall and flows into the village center. Four bridges have also been built on the rivers and streams around the village as brackets.

originally, when I looked at the picture on the left, my lack of imagination looked at the South Lake as an arched cow's ass, which didn't match, and I was crazy. Hard work pays off, and I finally found a masterpiece of my predecessors. In this way, don't be crazy!

when you enter Hongcun from the main entrance, you will face the tripe-South Lake. In the early morning, the fog has not completely dissipated. The deep and quiet South Lake, the unique Huizhou architecture with white wall and Daiwa horse head wall, and the hazy mountains in the distance, and the nearby dyed Lin Qiu are reflected on the lake. The natural landscape and human landscape complement each other and are beautiful!

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By the time we reached the Moon Marsh, the sun had already come out. Looking at this area, we were all in a trance ...

The Moon Marsh is the center of Hongcun. It is said that when the Moon Marsh was excavated, many people advocated digging it into a full moon shape. At that time, Du Chongniang, the wife of the 76th ancestor Wang Xin, thought that "the flowers would fall, and the moon would be lost", and she pushed through the crowd and dug it.

Wang Xin was impressed by his wife's achievements after she retired from her old age and called her a "wife's husband".

Wang's descendants felt the blessed address brought by Hu Chongniang, and thought that Hu Chongniang's contribution was far greater than that of men of the same clan, so they hung Hu Chong's portrait in the ancestral hall together with the plaque of "the wife's husband". And hung Hu Chongniang's last words behind the ancestral hall, so that the descendants of the clan will never forget this ordinary and great woman.

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Huizhou people have advocated Confucianism since ancient times, attached importance to education, accompanied by farming and reading, accompanied by Jia Confucianism, and the people have more knowledge and understanding, and have talents on their behalf.

at the end of the Ming dynasty, the ancestors of Hongcun built six private schools on the north bank of Nanhu Lake, also known as "the Sixth Courtyard of Yihu", for their children to teach and solve their doubts. In the 19th year of Jiaqing in Qing Dynasty (1814), the Sixth Courtyard of Yihu was merged and rebuilt, and it was named "Yi Wen Jia Shu", also known as Nanhu Academy.

Nanhu Academy covers a total area of over 6, square meters. The main hall of the academy, Zhidao Hall, is a place for teachers to give lectures. Wenchang Pavilion in the back hall is decorated with memorial tablets of Confucius and his disciples for students to pay their respects.

No matter whether it's a school or a deep house compound, it's all covered with couplets, or filled with gold in ink, or inlaid with blue in ink, with colorful flowing gold. The true cursive seal script, with its exquisite words and pearls, shows Hongcun people's housekeeping strategy and principles of life.

excerpting some couplets is also beneficial to our contemporary people.

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The white wall and blue tile horse head wall are the characteristics of Huizhou architecture. In order to prevent the fire from spreading, the gables on both sides of the house are thick and scattered. In the corner, the blue tiles fly up and down, and under the blue sky, they scream like horses, so they are commonly known as "Horsehead Wall".

most of the residential buildings are brick-wood buildings with three rooms and four rooms, and there are several types in the plane, such as mouth, concave, h and sun. The appearance is simple, neat and beautiful, and the inside is simple and heavy.

as soon as I stepped into the high threshold, I felt quite solemn. Further inside, unlike the houses around Jiangsu and Zhejiang, there are spacious courtyards between the houses, and their courtyards are integrated with the houses, and there are no windows on the high external walls, and the lighting is through the patio on the roof.

just below the patio, it is paved with stone slabs, leaving a sewer.

It is said that the design of patio has much to do with Huizhou's business tradition. Business people are afraid of the outflow of financial resources. The patio can prevent the rainwater on the front ridge of the house from flowing out of the house and bring it into the patio conveniently, which is called "four waters return to the hall", that is, "rich water does not flow to outsiders".

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Looking up at the patio, you can find that there are sculptures on the thick wooden beams and columns around the patio, presenting a story, with different postures and lifelike figures, and the exquisite carving is amazing.

in addition to wood carving, there are stone carving and brick carving, which are the most famous "three sculptures" of Huizhou architecture.

different materials are used in different places. Wood carving is mainly decorated on the internal components of buildings, such as beams, beams and brackets, and bucket arches; Stone carvings are mainly used in doorways, drum-hugging stones, stone archways, etc. Brick carvings are mostly decorated in doorways, wall-mounted archways, herringbone eaves on roofs, open windows in courtyards, etc., and are often used in conjunction with stone carvings.

The design themes of the three sculptures are rich and colorful, mostly based on auspicious images of Fulu Shouxi, with historical stories, folk entertainment, customs and people's feelings, etc., and many of them take flowers, fruits, birds and animals as themes, with different meanings.

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Lotus is planted all over Hongcun, because "lotus" and "harmony" are homonyms, and "harmony" is the core concept of Chinese traditional culture. Harmony is the most important thing, and harmony makes money, including what we now call "building a harmonious socialist society".

There are four lotus patterns carved just below the gate of Kuanhetang.

Although mottled and outdated, pairs of aquatic animals under the lotus leaf at the lower left of the four pictures are still faintly discernible: crabs, mandarin ducks, prawns and frogs in turn, which mean harmony, harmony, harmony and harmony (crab-harmony, mandarin ducks have the meaning of harmony and beauty). In China traditional art, prawns are smooth and elastic.

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The gatehouse shows the exquisite skills of stone carving and brick carving. The Chinese nation is also a nation that pays attention to face. The gatehouse, frontispiece, is a symbol of the master's status.

Therefore, Huizhou people attach great importance to the construction of the gatehouse. There is a saying that "a thousand gold gatehouses are four or two houses", and they would rather spend two thousand gold on the construction of the gatehouse and only four or two on the construction of the house.

the higher the status, the more levels of the gatehouse. The calligraphy "Enrong" on the gatehouse refers to the honor of the emperor's favor. The emperor made a letter to build it himself, which is a top honor.

There are fish at the corner of the building, leading fish tails, indicating that they hope their children and grandchildren will be the best. Below the aojia fish is the four happy pictures of Mei Lan, Zhu Ju, and the four gentlemen of Mei Lan, Zhu Ju represent perseverance and noble quality.

Four magpies are auspicious. Magpies climb the plum map to show their happiness. East Deer, Simatu, and "Deer" are homonyms of Fu Shoulu and "Lu". I hope that future generations can have plenty of food and clothing and a full life, while "Ma" reflects the meaning of being successful in their careers.

The auspicious pictures of water and animals at the left and right corners of the lowest floor of the gatehouse are in the shape of rolling waves. Two carp are struggling to jump out of the water and the carp is jumping over the dragon gate, hoping to have a place in the officialdom.

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After a short half-day tour, I only got the general idea after listening to the tour guide's explanation. Thanks to our powerful Internet, I made up some details after coming back.

Most of my peers came to ancient Huizhou for the first time like me. It seems that they have been poisoned by whitewashed tiles and carved beams and painted buildings. When they came back, they were "crazy all their lives and dreamed of Huizhou".

under the planning, we will have a few-day in-depth tour next time. Interested friends, let's go together!